Cov kws pab kho hniav lossis kws pab kho hniav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv chaw kho hniav (chaw ua haujlwm). Nws lub luag haujlwm yog los ntawm kev pab cov neeg mob npaj rau kev kho mob, kom koom nrog txoj hauv kev xoo hluav taws xob. Qhov txaus siab, kev pab kho hniav yog txoj haujlwm hloov pauv tau thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig, tshwj xeeb nrog ntau qhov "chav" rau kev nce qib hauv kev ua haujlwm, yog tias koj xav ua tus kws kho hniav lossis kws kho hniav. Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog hom kev kawm thiab kev cob qhia uas koj xav tau mus nrhiav txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm ua tus pab kho hniav.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Nkag Siab Txog Kev Pab Kho Hniav
Kauj Ruam 1. Kawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws pab kho hniav
Tom qab tag nrho, tus kws pab kho hniav muaj lub luag haujlwm dav thiab dav hauv chaw ua haujlwm. Lawv cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg mob, tswj cov cuab yeej, thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov tseeb, txawm tias tsis yog lub luag haujlwm no tshwj xeeb yuav txawv, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Tab sis feem ntau, ntawm no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub luag haujlwm thiab ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws pab kho hniav:
- Npaj tus neeg mob rau kev kho thiab tu (qhov ncauj lossis hniav)
- Pab tus kws kho mob thaum kho cov txheej txheem (siv cov cuab yeej nqus los ntxuav tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj, thiab lwm yam)
- Kev tuav thiab lub luag haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xoo hluav taws xob (xoo hluav taws xob)
- Xam ntshav siab thiab mem tes
- Tshuaj tua kab mob
- Ua thiab muab cov neeg mob nrog cov lus qhia thiab kev paub dav dav txog kev noj qab haus huv hauv qhov ncauj
- Qhia cov neeg mob txog kev txhuam thiab siv cov hlua (txoj hauv kev ntxuav cov hniav nrog cov xov plaub)
- Ua haujlwm tswj hwm chaw ua haujlwm, xws li teem sijhawm teem sijhawm
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub txog yam kev cia siab ntawm txoj cai ua haujlwm
Txij li ntau tus kws kho hniav ntiav ntau dua ib tus pab, kev pab kho hniav yog txoj haujlwm xav tau ntau. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev xyaum uas yuav tsum tau muaj tus kws pab kho hniav, suav nrog:
- Kev kho tus kheej thiab pab pawg
- Cov kev coj ua tshwj xeeb, xws li phais qhov ncauj, kho hniav (tso rau hniav), thiab kho hniav ntsej muag kho hniav (hom kev kho mob uas tsom mus rau txhim kho cov duab thiab qauv ntawm cov hniav)
- Tsev kawm ntawv, chaw kho mob, thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem
- Tsev kho mob kho hniav
- Tsev kho hniav tsev kho mob
Kauj Ruam 3. Paub cov nyiaj hli nruab nrab thiab lwm yam khoom ua haujlwm
Ua ntej koj txiav txim siab los ua tus pab kho hniav, nws yog lub tswv yim zoo kom kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog kev kwv yees nyiaj hli thiab kev hloov pauv txoj haujlwm. Thaum cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv cov haujlwm, cov lus tseeb hauv qab no yuav pab koj kom paub ntau ntxiv txog yam koj tuaj yeem xav tau los ntawm txoj haujlwm pab kws kho hniav:
- Hauv xyoo 2013, cov nyiaj hli nruab nrab ntawm tus kws pab kho hniav yog $ 35,640 (kwv yees li IDR 490 lab), txawm hais tias qhov nyiaj tau siab tshaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog $ 48,350 (kwv yees li IDR 660 lab).
- Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm (chaw ua haujlwm lossis lub chaw haujlwm txheeb cais kev ua haujlwm hauv Tebchaws Meskas) tau tshaj tawm, nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no txog 2022, yuav muaj tsawg kawg li ntawm 74,000 txoj haujlwm tshiab qhib rau cov kws pab kho hniav. Qhov no qhia tau tias, muaj kev loj hlob ntawm 24.5%, uas yog pom tseeb ntau dua li qhov nruab nrab rau lwm txoj haujlwm.
- Tus kws kho hniav yog txoj haujlwm them nyiaj puv sijhawm, txawm tias ua haujlwm ib nrab hnub tseem muaj.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Kev Tsim Nyog
Kauj Ruam 1. Tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav qib high school lossis GED (General Educational Development; a type of high school graduation certificate in the United States tau los ntawm kev xeem)
Thaum koj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tau txais txoj haujlwm ua tus kws pab kho hniav yam tsis muaj qib kawm ntawv theem siab (lossis sib npaug), nws yog lub sijhawm zoo dua yog tias koj twb kawm tiav lawm. Yog tias koj tsis kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm theem siab, koj tuaj yeem npaj kom tau GED, ua ntej koj pib thov rau haujlwm.
- Txhawm rau npaj ua haujlwm ua tus pab kws kho hniav, tsom mus rau chav kawm, xws li biology, chemistry, thiab anatomy thaum nyob hauv tsev kawm theem siab.
- Txhawm rau txhim kho koj cov txuj ci kev sib raug zoo, koj yuav xav ua haujlwm pub dawb lossis xyaum ua haujlwm hauv kev pabcuam cov qhua tuaj noj mov. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws pab kho hniav yuav tham nrog cov neeg mob niaj hnub. Qee qhov kev paub dhau los no yuav ua rau koj pab kho hniav zoo dua.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas tus kws pab kho hniav xav tau hauv koj lub tebchaws
Thaum qee lub xeev tsis xav tau cov kws pab kho hniav kom muaj ntau hom kev kawm lossis kev kawm dhau qib high school, tseem muaj cov tebchaws uas xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm yav tom ntej kom muaj daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm ntau qhov haujlwm tau lees paub.
- Txhawm rau nrhiav cov kev cai dav dav hauv txhua lub tebchaws, koj tuaj yeem tshawb fawb online hauv koj lub tebchaws, nrog rau pawg kws kho hniav (zoo ib yam li pawg kws kho hniav). "Nyem" qhov txuas uas yuav coj koj mus rau cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm pab kws kho hniav lossis txawm tias, sau npe pab kws kho hniav.
- Hauv cov tebchaws uas tsis xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj, koj cov txheej txheem kev cob qhia yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav dhau los ua "tus kws pab kho hniav sau npe" thaum koj tus tswv ntiav haujlwm sau koj lub npe rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe kho dua tshiab rau kev kho hniav.
Kauj Ruam 3. Siv daim ntawv pov thawj, yog tias xav tau hauv koj lub tebchaws
Saib rau cov haujlwm uas tau lees paub los ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Kho Hniav (CODA) hauv koj cheeb tsam. Ntau lub tsev kawm qib siab muab cov phiaj xwm ntau
- Feem ntau ntawm cov khoos kas siv sijhawm ib xyoos. Ntawm no, koj yuav koom nrog hauv chav kawm thiab ua haujlwm hauv chav kawm paub txog hniav, cov pos hniav, khoom siv kho hniav, thiab ntau yam ntxiv ntawm kev ua haujlwm pab kws kho hniav.
- Hauv cov tebchaws uas tsis xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj, koj tseem tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua tiav thiab koom nrog hauv txoj haujlwm lees paub. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav ua rau koj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib tw hauv nruab nrab ntawm coob tus neeg thov kev ua haujlwm.
Kauj Ruam 4. Dhau qhov Ntawv Pov Thawj Pab Kho Hniav (CDA)
Yuav kom tau daim ntawv pov thawj, koj yuav tsum xeem qhov kev xeem nyob rau thaum kawg ntawm txoj haujlwm. Raws li kev xeem, koj tuaj yeem tso npe nrog Pawg Pabcuam Kev Kho Hniav Hauv Tebchaws. Ntxiv mus, koj tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau hauv qab no:
- Koj yuav tsum kawm tiav los ntawm txoj haujlwm raug lees paub
- Hauv cov tebchaws uas tsis xav kom koj ua tiav txoj haujlwm, koj yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv kawm tiav tsev kawm theem siab lossis sib npaug
- Koj yuav tsum muaj qhov kev qhia Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) kawg
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Txhim Kho Koj Txoj Haujlwm
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav haujlwm ua tus pab kws kho hniav
Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav haujlwm qhib hauv ntau lub tsev kho hniav lossis chaw ua haujlwm, pab pawg ua haujlwm, tsev kawm kho hniav, thiab tsev kho mob. Ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los nrhiav txoj haujlwm tsis yog nrhiav hauv online rau "tus kws pab kho hniav" hauv koj cheeb tsam.
- Yog tias koj tau ua tiav daim ntawv pov thawj kawm tiav, nug tus kws qhia ntawv lossis kws pab tswv yim haujlwm kom pab koj nrhiav haujlwm qhib.
- Yog tias koj xav ua haujlwm hauv ib qho kev xyaum tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem tiv toj lawv ncaj qha kom paub tseeb tias lawv tsis muaj chaw seem.
Kauj Ruam 2. Thov rau txoj haujlwm ua tus pab kws kho hniav
Xyuas kom koj ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau teev tseg ntawm txhua qhov chaw seem. Thaum xam phaj, tsis txhob hnov qab qhia koj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ua tus pab kho hniav ntxiv rau koj cov kev paub hauv kev pabcuam cov neeg siv khoom.
- Qee txoj haujlwm xav kom koj muaj xyoo lossis ntau dua ntawm kev paub. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav muaj hmoo me ntsis yog tias koj tuaj yeem tsaws txoj haujlwm nkag nkag (thawj txoj haujlwm uas kawm tiav tshiab tau txais tom qab ua tiav txoj haujlwm qhia), uas yog yam tsis xav tau ntau xyoo kev paub.
- Yog tias koj twb tau ua tiav daim ntawv pov thawj kawm tiav, koj tuaj yeem suav qhov ntev ntawm koj txoj kev saib xyuas kev cob qhia raws li kev paub dhau los.
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav txog kev nrhiav haujlwm ua kws kho hniav lossis kws kho hniav
Tom qab ua haujlwm pabcuam kws kho hniav, koj yuav nyiam qhov haujlwm no thiab txiav txim siab ua koj txoj haujlwm ntxiv. Kev paub uas koj tau txhim kho thaum pab kws kho hniav tuaj yeem muab duab zoo dua rau ntiaj teb kev kho hniav.
