Kev mob aneurysm tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntshav hauv cov hlab ntsha loj dua lossis o tuaj vim raug mob lossis ua rau phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha tsis muaj zog. Aneurysms tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob txhua qhov chaw, tab sis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv aorta (cov hlab ntsha loj uas pib hauv plawv) thiab lub hlwb. Qhov loj ntawm aneurysm nws txawv nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej uas ua rau nws, xws li kev raug mob, kev mob nkeeg, noob caj noob ces, lossis xwm txheej hauv lub cev. Yog tias nws txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv, qhov ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj ntau dua thiab ua rau ntshav hnyav. Feem ntau cov hnub tsis txaus ntseeg yog asymptomatic thiab muaj cov neeg tuag coob (ntawm 65%-80%), yog li koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 4: Txheeb Xyuas Kab Mob Hlwb Aneurysm
Kauj Ruam 1. Tsis txhob poob siab tam sim ntawd, mob taub hau heev
Yog tias cov hlab ntsha tawg hauv lub hlwb vim yog lub paj hlwb, koj yuav hnov mob taub hau hnyav uas tuaj sai sai. Qhov mob taub hau no yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm lub paj hlwb tawg.
- Feem ntau mob taub hau yuav mob hnyav dua li mob taub hau uas koj tau ua dhau los.
- Kev mob taub hau feem ntau tsuas yog hnov nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam, txwv rau ib sab ntawm lub taub hau nrog cov hlab ntsha tawg.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias cov hlab ntsha tawg nyob ze ntawm koj lub qhov muag, koj yuav hnov mob taub hau hnyav uas tawg mus rau lub qhov muag.
- Kev mob taub hau kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab thiab/lossis ntuav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib rau qhov muag tsis pom kev
Ob lub zeem muag, tsis pom kev, pom qhov muag tsis pom, lossis dig muag yog qhov ntsuas ntawm lub paj hlwb hauv lub paj hlwb. Kev pom kev tsis zoo tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua siab rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha ze lub qhov muag uas thaiv cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub qhov muag.
- Cov hlab ntsha hauv qhov muag kuj tseem tuaj yeem raug pinched vim muaj cov ntshav ua rau qhov muag plooj lossis ob lub zeem muag.
- Qhov muag tsis pom yog tshwm sim los ntawm ischemia retinal, uas yog ib qho mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntshav tsis txaus rau cov ntaub so ntswg.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib hauv daim iav saib seb koj cov menyuam puas loj tuaj
Cov menyuam kawm ntawv loj yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlab ntshav txhaws nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag. Feem ntau, ib tus menyuam yuav tshwm tuaj loj dua.
- Cov tub ntxhais kawm dilated yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntshav siab uas txuam rau hauv lub hlwb.
- Cov tub ntxhais kawm dilated tuaj yeem yog qhov qhia tau tias qhov mob aneurysm tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no, qhia los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha ze lub qhov muag.
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib rau qhov muag mob
Koj lub qhov muag yuav tshee lossis hnov mob hnyav thaum lub qhov muag.
- Qhov no tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha tawg nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag.
- Qhov muag mob feem ntau yog ib leeg vim tias nws tsuas yog muaj nyob hauv ib feem ntawm lub hlwb uas tab tom ntsib qhov mob aneurysm.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tshaj tawm yog tias koj lub caj dab txhav
Lub caj dab txhav yuav yog los ntawm cov hlab ntshav yog tias cov hlab ntsha hauv lub caj dab cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hlab ntsha tawg.
- Cov hlab ntsha tawg tsis tas yuav tsum nyob ze thaj tsam ntawm lub caj dab uas mob.
- Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub caj dab nthuav dav nyob deb thiab qis lub caj dab thiab lub taub hau.
Kauj Ruam 6. Xav tias yog ib sab ntawm koj lub cev tsis muaj zog
Kev qaug zog ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm tus mob aneurysm, nyob ntawm seb qhov twg ntawm lub paj hlwb cuam tshuam.
- Yog tias sab xis ntawm lub paj hlwb cuam tshuam, sab laug ntawm lub cev tuag tes tuag taw.
- Hloov pauv, yog tias sab laug ntawm lub paj hlwb cuam tshuam, sab xis ntawm lub cev tuag tes tuag taw.
Kauj Ruam 7. Nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim
Kev tawg ntawm lub paj hlwb aneurysm ua rau tuag txog 40% ntawm cov neeg mob, thiab kwv yees li 66% uas muaj sia nyob nws raug qee yam ntawm lub hlwb puas. Yog tias koj pom ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob saum toj no, hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tam sim ntawd.
Cov kws tshaj lij tsis qhia cov neeg mob kom tsav lawv lub tsheb lossis raug coj los ntawm cov neeg hauv tsev neeg mus rau tom tsev kho mob. Aneurysms tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai thiab kws kho mob yuav tsum ua cov txheej txheem phais mob rau tus neeg mob hauv tsheb thauj neeg mob
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 4: Tshawb Pom Aortic Aneurysms
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub tias muaj ob hom aortic aneurysms: mob plab aortic aneurysms thiab thoracic aortic aneurysms
Aorta yog cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb uas xa ntshav mus rau lub plawv thiab tag nrho cov ceg, thiab cov hlab ntshav cuam tshuam rau aorta tuaj yeem faib ua ob hom:
- Mob plab aortic aneurysm (AAA). Aneurysms uas tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam plab (plab) hu ua plab aortic aneurysms. Qhov no yog hom mob aneurysm feem ntau thiab tuag taus hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob.
- Thoracic aortic aneurysm (AAT). Hom aneurysm nyob hauv cheeb tsam hauv siab thiab tshwm sim saum lub diaphragm. Thaum lub sijhawm AAT, txoj kev hla ze lub plawv nthuav dav thiab cuam tshuam rau lub valve nruab nrab ntawm lub plawv thiab aorta. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, cov ntshav ntws hauv lub plawv tau thim rov qab thiab ua rau cov leeg nqaij puas.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib mob hnyav lossis mob nraub qaum
Qhov txawv txav thiab mob hnyav heev lossis mob nraub qaum tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob ntawm lub plab aortic aneurysm lossis thoracic aortic aneurysm.
- Qhov mob yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj nias ntawm cov nruab nrog cev thiab cov leeg.
- Qhov mob feem ntau tsis ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib rau xeev siab thiab ntuav
Yog tias koj muaj xeev siab thiab ntuav nrog mob plab lossis nraub qaum, koj yuav muaj lub plab aortic aneurysm ruptured.
Koj kuj tseem yuav muaj cem quav thiab nyuaj tso zis
Kauj Ruam 4. Kuaj seb koj puas kiv taub hau
Mob taub hau yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntshav loj heev uas feem ntau ua rau tawg ntawm lub plab aortic aneurysm.
Kev kiv taub hau kuj tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog
Kauj Ruam 5. Txheeb xyuas koj lub plawv dhia
Kev nce hauv lub plawv sai yog qhov ua rau cov ntshav poob qis thiab ntshav tsis txaus los ntawm kev tawg ntawm lub plab aortic aneurysm.
Kauj Ruam 6. Xav tias koj cov tawv nqaij tawm hws
Cov tawv nqaij hws tau hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm lub plab aortic aneurysm.
Qhov no tshwm sim vim tias lub embolus (ntshav khov) tau tsim los ntawm lub plab aneurysm thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov kub ntawm qhov tawv nqaij
Kauj Ruam 7. Saib xyuas mob hauv siab thiab ua rau lub suab nrov nrov sai
Vim tias thoracic aortic aneurysm tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam hauv siab, qhov loj aorta tuaj yeem tsoo rau hauv cheeb tsam hauv siab, ua rau mob thiab nrov nrov thaum ua pa.
- Qhov mob hauv siab no hnyav heev thiab ntuav.
- Mob hauv siab uas tsis ntse yuav tsis yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob aneurysm.
Kauj Ruam 8. Xav tias koj muaj teeb meem nqos
Kev nqos nqos nyuaj tuaj yeem yog qhov qhia pom ntawm thoracic aortic aneurysm.
Kev nqos teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim tias lub aorta loj zuj zus nias ntawm txoj hlab pas, ua rau koj nqos tau nyuaj
Kauj Ruam 9. Mloog kom nrov nrov hauv koj lub suab
Cov hlab ntsha loj tuaj yeem nias rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv siab, suav nrog cov suab nrov, uas ua rau lub suab ntxhi.
Hoarseness tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, tsis maj mam li thaum mob khaub thuas lossis khaub thuas
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 4: Pom Zoo Nrog Kev Tshawb Fawb
Kauj Ruam 1. Muaj ib qho ultrasound txhawm rau kuaj mob ua ntej
Ultrasound yog txheej txheem tsis mob uas siv lub suab nthwv dej kom pom thiab tsim cov duab ntawm qee qhov ntawm lub cev.
Qhov kev sim no tsuas yog siv los kuaj mob aortic aneurysm
Kauj Ruam 2. Sim xam tomography (CT-Scan)
Cov txheej txheem no siv X-duab los thaij duab ntawm cov qauv hauv lub cev. CT scan yog txheej txheem tsis mob thiab muab cov duab ntxaws ntxaws dua li ultrasound. Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj lossis xav tshem tawm qhov ua tau ntawm lwm yam kab mob.
- Thaum tus txheej txheem, tus kws kho mob yuav txhaj tshuaj zas xim rau hauv cov hlab ntshav uas ua rau aorta thiab lwm cov hlab ntsha uas pom ntawm CT scan.
- Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv rau kev kuaj mob ntawm txhua hom mob aneurysms.
- Koj tuaj yeem muaj CT scan ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mob ib txwm txawm tias tsis muaj qhov ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov zoo rau kev txheeb xyuas tus mob aneurysm thaum ntxov li sai tau.
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav txog kev ntsuas sib nqus sib nqus (MRI)
Cov txheej txheem no siv cov hlau nplaum thiab xov tooj cua kom pom lub cev thiab lwm yam txheej txheem hauv lub cev. Cov txheej txheem no tseem tsis mob thiab yog siv los tshuaj xyuas, nrhiav, thiab ntsuas qhov mob aneurysms.
- Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem tsim cov duab 3D ntawm lub hemispheres ntawm cov hlab ntshav hauv lub hlwb.
- MRI tuaj yeem siv los tshuaj xyuas txhua hom kev mob aneurysms.
- Hauv qee kis, MRI thiab cerebral angiography tuaj yeem siv ua ke los txhawb ib leeg.
- Siv xov tooj cua tsis siv xov tooj cua thiab siv tshuab hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, MRI tuaj yeem tsim cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov hlab ntshav ntawm lub paj hlwb dua li CT scan.
- Cov txheej txheem no nyab xeeb thiab tsis mob.
- Tsis zoo li X-rays, MRI tsis siv hluav taws xob thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau siv los ntawm cov neeg uas zam kev tawg, xws li poj niam cev xeeb tub.
Kauj Ruam 4. Sim angiography los tshuaj xyuas cov hlab ntshav sab hauv
Cov txheej txheem no siv X-rays thiab cov xim tshwj xeeb kom pom kev sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
- Qhov no yuav qhia qhov dav thiab qhov hnyav ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov quav hniav thiab cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim nrog kev pab ntawm cov txheej txheem no.
- Cerebral angiography tsuas yog siv los tshuaj xyuas lub paj hlwb aneurysms. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov cuam tshuam vim tias nws siv lub raj me me uas tso rau hauv txhais ceg thiab coj los ntawm cov hlab ntshav.
- Cov txheej txheem no yuav qhia qhov chaw nyob tseeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha tawg hauv lub hlwb.
- Tom qab cov xim ziab, cov MRIs lossis X-rays yuav ua raws los tsim cov duab ntxaws ntawm lub hlwb cov hlab ntsha.
Txoj Kev 4 ntawm 4: Nkag Siab Aneurysms
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab qhov ua rau lub paj hlwb puas
Lub paj hlwb aneurysm tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb tsis muaj zog thiab tsim ua npuas ua ntej nws tawg. Cov npuas feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv rab rawg lossis ceg ntawm cov hlab ntshav uas yog qhov qis tshaj ntawm cov hlab ntshav.
- Thaum cov npuas tawg, cov ntshav hauv lub paj hlwb yuav tshwm sim.
- Ntshav yog tshuaj lom rau lub hlwb, thiab thaum muaj ntshav tshwm sim, qhov xwm txheej feem ntau hu ua hemorrhagic syndrome.
- Feem ntau lub paj hlwb aneurysms tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw subarachnoid, uas yog thaj tsam ntawm lub hlwb thiab pob txha taub hau.
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub koj li kev pheej hmoo
Cerebral thiab aortic aneurysms qhia txog ntau yam kev pheej hmoo hauv ib yam. Qee qhov tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau, xws li tau txais kev mob caj ces, tab sis lwm yam tuaj yeem txo qis los ntawm kev xaiv lub neej ntse. Nov yog qee qhov kev pheej hmoo tshwm sim rau lub paj hlwb thiab aortic aneurysms:
- Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ob hom aneurysms saum toj no.
- Kev kub siab, lossis ntshav siab, ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas thiab sab hauv ntawm aorta.
- Lub hnub nyoog nce ntxiv ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub paj hlwb tom qab hnub nyoog 50. Lub aorta ua rau nruj dua nrog lub hnub nyoog, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm aneurysm nce nrog hnub nyoog.
- Kev ua xua tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj uas ua rau lub qhov muag puas. Cov mob xws li vasculitis (mob ntawm cov hlab ntshav) tuaj yeem ua puas thiab khawb lub aorta.
- Kev raug mob, xws li lub caij nplooj zeeg lossis lub tsheb sib tsoo, tuaj yeem ua rau lub aorta puas.
- Kev kis kab mob xws li mob syphilis (kab mob sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev) tuaj yeem ua rau puas sab hauv ntawm aorta. Cov kab mob los yog cov kab mob hu ua fungal hauv lub hlwb tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob aneurysm.
- Siv lossis siv tshuaj tsis raug cai, tshwj xeeb yog yeeb dawb thiab cawv ntau dhau, ua rau muaj ntshav siab uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub paj hlwb puas.
- Tub los ntxhais ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev pheej hmoo aneurysm. Kev pheej hmoo ntawm aortic aneurysm hauv txiv neej yog siab dua poj niam, tab sis poj niam muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm lub paj hlwb aneurysm.
- Qee qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig, xws li Ehlers-Danlos syndrome thiab Marfan syndrome (ob qho tib si yog cov nqaij sib txuas tsis zoo), tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb thiab aorta tsis muaj zog.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav luam yeeb
Kev haus luam yeeb tau ntseeg tias tau pab txhawb rau kev tsim thiab tawg ntawm lub paj hlwb aneurysms. Kev haus luam yeeb tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj rau kev mob plab aortic aneurysm (AAA). 90% ntawm cov neeg mob aortic aneurysm muaj keeb kwm haus luam yeeb.
Ua ntej koj tawm haujlwm, ntxov dua koj tuaj yeem pib txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo
Kauj ruam 4. Ua tib zoo saib ntshav siab.
Kev kub siab, lossis ntshav siab, tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb thiab sab hauv ntawm lub aorta uas tom qab ntawd ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm lub paj hlwb.
- Yog tias koj rog lossis rog dhau, poob phaus tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav siab. Kev txo 5 kg tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv.
- Qoj ib ce tsis tu ncua. 30 feeb ntawm kev tawm dag zog lub cev ib hnub tuaj yeem pab txo cov ntshav siab.
- Txwv cawv. Tsis txhob haus ntau tshaj 1-2 haus ib hnub (1 rau poj niam, 2 rau txiv neej).
Kauj Ruam 5. Tswj koj cov zaub mov noj
Kev saib xyuas cov hlab ntshav kom zoo tuaj yeem pab zam kev mob aortic aneurysms. Kev noj zaub mov zoo tuaj yeem pab txo kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas twb muaj lawm. Kev noj zaub mov zoo nrog ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub tshiab, cov nplej tag nrho, thiab cov protein tsis muaj zog yuav pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov txhab ntshav.
- Txo sodium. Txwv sodium tsawg dua 2,300 mg txhua hnub (1,500 mg txhua hnub rau cov tib neeg uas kuaj mob ntshav siab) yuav pab tswj ntshav siab.
- Txo cov roj (cholesterol). Noj cov zaub mov uas muaj fiber ntau, tshwj xeeb yog oatmeal thiab oat bran, yuav pab txo qis "tsis zoo" (LDL) cov roj (cholesterol). Txiv hmab txiv ntoo, pears, taum taum, barley, thiab prunes qhuav kuj muaj cov fiber ntau. Omega 3 fatty acids los ntawm cov rog rog xws li sardines, tuna, salmon, lossis halibut kuj tseem pab txo kev pheej hmoo.
- Noj cov rog rog. Nco ntsoov tias koj zam cov rog rog thiab rog rog. Cov rog los ntawm ntses, roj zaub (piv txwv li roj txiv roj), txiv ntseej, thiab cov noob muaj cov rog ntau monounsaturated thiab polyunsaturated, uas tuaj yeem txo kev pheej hmoo. Avocados yog lwm qhov ntawm cov rog "zoo" uas tuaj yeem pab txo qis cov roj cholesterol.
