Kev khaws cia yog txheej txheem uas tau siv txij li lub sij hawm immemorial, khaws cov nqaij uas yuav tsis siv tam sim ntawd lossis yuav siv tom qab lub sijhawm tom qab nws tau yuav. Siv tsuas yog qee yam khoom xyaw - ntsev, nitrite, thiab sijhawm - nqaij hloov: los ntawm cov dej thiab ua kom qhuav thiab txhav. Sij hawm dhau los, qhov saj ntawm cov nqaij kuj tsim. Tom qab cov dej ntws tawm, cov nqaij kho kom qhuav, qhov saj ua MSG - monosodium glutamate (umami) uas muaj zog, ntxias thiab tseem txaus siab rau qhov saj. Kawm paub yuav ua li cas kom qhuav thiab ntub cov nqaij qhuav rau tus nqi qis ntau dua li yuav nws ntawm lub tsev noj mov lossis khw muag khoom yooj yim, ua raws cov qauv kev nyab xeeb kom tsis txhob nqaij rot.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Qhuav Khaws Nqaij
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav txim seb koj xav siv cov nqaij twg
Nqaij qaib yog qhov nyiam xaiv rau khaws cia, tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv txhua yam los ntawm nqaij nyuj mus rau nqaij nyuj thiab ntau lwm hom nqaij. Nrog cov nqaij zoo koj tsis tuaj yeem yuam kev, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nws yog thawj zaug uas khaws cov nqaij, koj tuaj yeem siv cov txheej txheem nqaij yooj yim dua, xws li nqaij npuas plab lossis nqaij npuas pob.
Feem ntau, siv nqaij nrog txhua pawg ntawm cov leeg uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lub cev. Nqaij npuas plab thiab plab, loin thiab nraub qaum lossis nqaij nyuj rov qab, ceg nqaij nyuj thiab txawm tias lub mis os yog txiav nqaij uas feem ntau qhuav khaws cia
Kauj Ruam 2. Yog tias tsim nyog, tshem tawm cov rog, cov leeg, lossis nqaij
Hais tias koj xav sim ua Capicola charcuterie (nqaij siav). Koj tuaj yeem yuav lub xub pwg nqaij tsis muaj lub xub pwg, thiab tom qab ntawd txiav cov npoo ntawm lub xub pwg nqaij los ntawm pob tw nqaij npuas, kom txog thaum koj tau txais ob qho kev txiav sib txawv. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem siv lub xub pwg txiav ua hnyuv ntxwm piv txwv, thiab siv pob tw hauv qhov kho kom qhuav charcuterie.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txhawm rau txiav cov nqaij loj dua, koj tuaj yeem txhuam cov nqaij kom cov nqaij nqus tau zoo dua
Koj tsis tas yuav tho cov nqaij ua ntej thov ntsev, tab sis rau qee qhov kev txiav nqaij - txiav loj dua lossis txiav xws li nqaij npuas plab, uas feem ntau tau npog hauv txheej rog - tho cov nqaij tso cai ntsev thiab nitrite sib xyaw rau nqus tau ntau dua rau hauv cov nqaij, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem pickling.
Kauj Ruam 4. Txiav txim siab seb koj puas xav khaws cia siv cov ntsev ua kom tiav lossis koj tus kheej sib xyaw
Qhuav-kho nrog ntsev yuav nqus cov kua txiv los ntawm cov nqaij thiab txhim kho cov nqaij saj, tab sis nws yuav tsis tshem tawm qhov ua tau ntawm botulism spores tsim. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv botulism, sodium nitrite feem ntau siv ua ke nrog ntsev ua "ntsev khaws cia," "Instacure #1," thiab "ntsev liab". Botulism yog kab mob hnyav nrog cov tsos mob ntawm kev tuag tes tuag taw thiab teeb meem ua pa los ntawm cov kab mob Clostridium botulinum.
- Soj ntsuam cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov ntau ntawm cov ntsev khaws cia kom siv ua ke nrog ntsev tas li. Feem ntau qhov sib piv ntawm ntsev liab thiab ntsev uas nquag siv yog 10:90.
- Yog tias koj paub meej tias cov khoom xyaw twg koj xav nkag mus rau hauv koj cov nqaij kho, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los suav nrog sodium nitrate koj tus kheej. (Saib cov kauj ruam tom ntej.) Cov neeg feem coob pom nws yooj yim dua siv cov ntsev ua kom tiav, yog li lawv tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb ntsuas qhov sib piv ntawm ntsev rau sodium nitrite.
- Vim li cas liab liab liab? Cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm ntsev ntsev txhob txwm ua kom xim ntsev kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog ntsev zoo tib yam. Qhov no tau ua tiav vim tias muaj ntau cov sodium nitrite muaj tshuaj lom. Tsis tas li suav nrog ntsev liab es tsis txhob ntsev li niaj zaus hauv koj cov kua zaub, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Cov xim liab nws tus kheej yuav tsis cuam tshuam xim kawg ntawm cov nqaij kho; thaum sodium nitrite muaj cov nyhuv.
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv qhov sib piv ntawm 2: 1000 sodium nitrite thiab ntsev, thaum sib tov koj tus kheej cov ntsev ntsev
Yog tias koj xav ua koj tus kheej cov ntsev ntsev, nco ntsoov siv qhov sib piv ntawm sodium nitrite rau ntsev. Piv txwv li, rau txhua 2 grams sodium nitrite, siv 1000 grams ntsev. Lwm txoj hauv kev los ua qhov no yog ntsuas tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm ntsev, sib npaug los ntawm 0.002 thiab qhov txiaj ntsig yog qhov hnyav ntawm sodium nitrite koj tuaj yeem siv hauv koj cov ntsev ntsev sib tov.
Kauj Ruam 6. Sib tov koj cov seasonings nrog ntsev ntsev
Cov txuj lom yuav ntxiv qhov nplua nuj rau qhov tsw ntawm cov nqaij kho. Thaum nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob noj cov nqaij ntau dhau, kev sib xyaw zoo ntawm cov txuj lom yuav txhim kho qhov tsw thiab muab cov nqaij kho nws qhov txawv txav. Muab cov txuj lom tso rau hauv cov txuj lom zom, muab cov txuj lom sib tov tom qab ntawd sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntsev/ntsev ua khob noom cookie. Nov yog cov txuj lom uas pom zoo:
- Kua txob noob. Dub, ntsuab, lossis dawb peppercorns yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv feem ntau cov txuj lom sib xyaw. Tias yog vim li cas tib neeg hu cov kua txob "huab tais ntawm txuj lom."
- Qab Zib. Me ntsis demerara qab zib yuav ntxiv qhov hint ntawm caramel qab zib rau koj cov khoom qab zib.
- Coriander thiab mustard noob. Ntxiv ib qho hlawv los yog roasted tsw rau nqaij.
- Lub hnub qub anise. Mos thiab qab zib me ntsis, ntxiv me ntsis lub hnub qub anise muab nws nplua nuj saj. Zoo li txiv laum huab xeeb.
- Fennel noob. Ntxiv cov ntsuab, cov nyom nyom qhov ntev kom kho cov nqaij.
- Txiv kab ntxwv kua txiv. Ntxiv cov khoom qab, qab uas ua rau tob dua rau hauv cov nqaij ntshiv.
Kauj Ruam 7. Tshaj tawm cov ntsev ntsev thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thoob cov nqaij ntawm txhais tes
Npog lub tais nrog daim ntawv parchment thiab sau rau hauv qab ntawm lub tais nrog ntau cov ntsev ntsev thiab sib xyaw ua ke. Muab koj cov nqaij txiav rau saum cov ntsev ntsev (rog ib sab yog tias ua tau) thiab txhuam cov nqaij ntawm cov nqaij nrog cov txuj ci ntxiv thiab ntsev sib tov kom lub tsho sib luag. Yog tias xav tau, npog sab saum toj ntawm cov nqaij nrog lwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv parchment, tom qab ntawd tso lwm lub tais rau saum, thiab thaum kawg tso ib khub ntawm cov cib lossis lwm yam khoom hnyav kom poob rau thiab nias cov nqaij.
- Tsis txhob siv lub tais hlau tsis muaj ntawv parchment hauv qab los ua cov kauj ruam no. Vim tias cov hlau cuam tshuam nrog ntsev thiab sodium nitrite. Thaum siv lub tais hlau ua cov txheej hauv qab, ib txwm siv txheej ntawv parchment nruab nrab ntawm lub tais thiab cov ntsev ua khob noom cookie.
- Yog tias koj muaj ib puag ncig ntawm cov nqaij thiab xav kom nws ntau dua lossis tsawg dua puag ncig, koj tsis tas yuav muab ib yam dab tsi hnyav los zom nws. Ntsev yuav ua nws ib txwm. Qhov hnyav yog qhov tsim nyog rau nqaij npuas plab nqaij, piv txwv li, uas tom qab koj yuav zom rau hauv qee yam duab.
Kauj Ruam 8. Khaws cov nqaij hauv lub tub yees li 7 txog 10 hnub
Tso cov nqaij me me tso kom tso pa kom txaus. Tom qab 7 txog 10 hnub, feem ntau cov kua hauv cov nqaij yuav tsum tau nqus los ntawm ntsev.
Kauj Ruam 9. Tom qab 7 txog 10 hnub, tshem cov nqaij tawm ntawm lub tub yees thiab thaum tshem cov ntsev/seasoning sib tov
Yaug nrog dej txias, tshem ntsev ntau ntau/ua kom ntau li ntau tau thiab tso rau ntawm lub khib kom qhuav hauv qhov cua qhib ib pliag. Siv daim ntawv tuab tuab, so tawm cov kua ntau dhau, kom paub tseeb tias cov nqaij qhuav, ua ntej yuav mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej.
Kauj Ruam 10. Yob cov nqaij (yeem)
Feem ntau cov nqaij kho tsis tas yuav tsum tau muab dov rau hauv cov theem no, tab sis qee qhov ua. Yog tias koj tab tom siv nqaij npuas plab piv txwv, thiab tab tom sim ua pancetta, koj yuav pib nrog ib daim plaub ntawm cov nqaij npuas plab thiab yob tawm sab ntev nruj heev. Txoj hlua nruj dua, chav tsawg dua rau pwm lossis lwm yam kab mob los khom hauv.
Yog tias koj npaj yuav yob cov nqaij kho, nws yooj yim los pib nrog ib lub xwmfab, lossis feem ntau yog plaub fab, txiav cov nqaij ntawm tag nrho plaub sab kom txog thaum koj tau txais cov duab plaub zoo. Txuag cov khoom me me rau kua zaub lossis ua noj cov rog cais
Kauj Ruam 11. Muab cov nqaij tso rau hauv cheesecloth
Qhwv cov nqaij hauv cheesecloth nruj nreem, qhov no yuav pab tshem tawm cov kua uas tau tsim tawm sab nraud ntawm cov nqaij, ua kom nws qhuav thaum nws kho tau. Qhwv ob sab ntawm cov nqaij hauv cheesecloth, thiab ruaj ntseg qhov kawg ntawm cov ntaub los ntawm kev khi lawv rau hauv pob. Yog tias ua tau, ua pob thib ob hla thawj zaug kom koj tuaj yeem muab daim ntaub dai rau ntawm nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 12. Khij koj cov nqaij kom pab kom nws zoo li qub thaum kho (xaiv tau)
Thaum koj tab tom ua haujlwm nrog cov nqaij dov, khi nws yuav pab cov nqaij yob kom nruj thiab ua kom nws zoo. Siv twine rau cov nqaij thiab khi txhua 2.5 cm kom txog thaum cov nqaij raug khi. Tshem tawm cov xov xov uas muaj rab riam.
Kauj Ruam 13. Sau cov nqaij thiab dai rau hauv qhov chaw tsaus, txias rau ob lub lis piam mus rau ob hlis
Lub tub yees loj uas tib neeg nkag tau tau yog qhov zoo tshaj, tab sis txhua qhov chaw uas tsis muaj lub teeb ntau thiab qhov kub tsawg dua 21 degrees Celsius yuav ua.
Kauj Ruam 14. Ua haujlwm
Thaum koj tau tshem tawm daim ntaub thiab knotted, thinly hlais cov nqaij kho thiab txaus siab rau. Khaws cov nqaij uas tsis tau noj tam sim ntawd hauv lub tub yees.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Ntub Ntub Dej Ntawm Cov Nqaij
Kauj Ruam 1. Xaiv koj cov nqaij txiav
Kev ntub dej ntub yog zoo meej rau nqaij npua lossis lwm yam zaub mov kib. Sim ntub khaws cia cov nqaij npua rau koj lub caij Christmas, piv txwv li, tom qab ntawd npog rau cov txheej txheem khaws cia cov nqaij haus kom tau cov nqaij qab.
Kauj Ruam 2. Npaj koj cov dej qab zib uas khaws cia
Txhawm rau khaws cov nqaij ntub, txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog ua kom ntsev los yog tov cov ntsev yooj yim, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv nitrite rau cov ntsev ntsev (uas yuav khaws cov nqaij). Sim ua daim ntawv qhia daws teeb meem yooj yim no, lossis saib rau hauv daim ntawv qhia ua kua pickling uas siv nitrites rau qhov txawv. Siv cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no los rhaub nrog 3.8 liv dej, tom qab ntawd cia lub stew txias kom tiav:
- 2 khob txiv maj phaub qab zib
- 1 1/2 khob kosher ntsev
- 1/2 khob pickles/preservatives
- 8 tsp lub teeb liab ntsev (tsis txhob totaub nrog sodium nitrite)
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab koj cov nqaij tso rau hauv lub hnab ci
Marinating hnab yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev txiav cov nqaij loj xws li Christmas tog ham. Kev txiav me me ntawm cov nqaij tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub hnab ntim lub freezer nkaus xwb, tab sis xyuas kom lub hnab loj txaus rau cov nqaij thiab cov kua marinade. Rau kev txiav cov nqaij loj dua, tso lub hnab marinade tso rau hauv lub raj lossis lub ntim loj ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd sau nws nrog cov tshuaj marinating. Ntxiv 2 mus rau 4 liv dej khov rau hauv lub hnab salting kom dilute qhov mloog zoo ntawm salting tov. Do zoo ua ntej muab sib khi.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nqa koj cov nqaij rau ib hnub rau txhua 900g ntawm cov nqaij hauv lub tub yees
Yog tias koj muaj 4500g ntawm nqaij, marinate txog li ob thiab ib nrab hnub. Tig cov nqaij txhua 24 teev yog tias ua tau. Cov ntsev nyob rau hauv cov kua marinating nyhav kom tuab nyob hauv qab ib nrab ntawm cov ntsev tov thiab tig cov nqaij dhau yuav tso cai rau cov kua kom sib tov sib npaug rau hauv cov nqaij.
Hloov cov tshuaj marinade tom qab 7 hnub thaum txheej txheem khaws cia kom pab tiv thaiv cov nqaij kom tsis txhob lwj
Kauj Ruam 5. Yaug cov nqaij kho nrog dej txias kom tshem tau cov ntsev crystallizing ntawm cov nqaij
Kauj Ruam 6. Muab cov nqaij tso rau ntawm cov hlua hlau kom ntws tawm rau 24 teev nyob rau qhov chaw muaj cua zoo thiab tom qab ntawd muab cia rau hauv lub tub yees rau 30 hnub
Kauj Ruam 7. Haus cov nqaij
Nqaij-kho nqaij, xws li nqaij npua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qab thaum haus. Haus luam yeeb cov nqaij kho hauv tus neeg haus luam yeeb thiab pab cov nqaij ntawm koj lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb.
