Cov qib potassium hauv lub cev cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov leeg nqaij nrog lub plab zom mov, lub plawv, thiab tag nrho lwm cov leeg. Feem ntau ntawm cov poov tshuaj yog nyob hauv lub cev lub cev thiab qib ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav ncig yog feem ntau khaws cia hauv qee qhov los ntawm cov kab ke endocrine. Hypokalemia yog ib qho kev kho mob uas cov qib potassium hauv lub cev qis heev thiab txo cov tshuaj insulin. Cov neeg mob hypokalemia yuav ntsib ntau yam teeb meem ntawm lub cev.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Cov tsos mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Saib xyuas cov tsos mob thaum ntxov
Cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm cov poov tshuaj tsis txaus tuaj yeem suav nrog mob nqaij, mob plab, thiab tsis muaj zog (suav nrog ua pa ntawm cov pa thiab cov leeg tsis muaj zog yog tias cov tshuaj potassium tsis txaus). Cov poov tshuaj qis qis ua rau cov leeg nqaij leeg tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau sai yog li lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov cim rov ua dua. Vim li ntawd, cov leeg ua nyuaj rau kev cog lus.
Tsis nco qab, nqaij ntshiv, thiab loog lossis loog hauv cov leeg qhia tias qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj potassium yog li koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim
Kauj Ruam 2. Tau txais kev kuaj mob ASAP
Ntev lossis tsis txaus ntawm cov qib potassium tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub plawv. Tsis muaj qib potassium tuaj yeem ua rau hloov pauv hauv lub siab ua haujlwm. Cov no suav nrog lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem, piv txwv li arrhythmias (arrhythmias) hauv qee qhov mob hnyav. Ntev tsis muaj poov hlau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv thiab ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub raum.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ceev faj txog ntau yam xwm txheej uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov poov tshuaj tsawg
Yog tias koj muaj mob raws plab, lub cev qhuav dej, ntuav, lossis tsis muaj zog, koj yuav tsum tau ntsuas koj qib potassium. Qhov kev ntsuas no suav nrog ntsuas cov ntshav thiab cov txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm cov metabolism (BMP) suav nrog kuaj rau electrolytes (piv txwv li sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, hydrogen phosphate, thiab hydrogen carbonate).
Nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem hloov ua qhov kev ntsuas ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem zom zaub mov (CMP), suav nrog kev kuaj lub siab ua haujlwm hauv cov ntawv ntsuas hauv paus
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Tau Txais Kev Txheeb Xyuas
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas koj qib potassium
Cov ntshav qabzib qib qis dua 3.5 millimoles ib litre (mmol/L) raug txiav txim siab qis. Qhov ntsuas ib txwm rau qib potassium yog 3.6-5.2 mmol/L. Qib ntawm cov electrolytes ntxiv xws li calcium, magnesium, thiab phosphorus tseem yuav raug tshuaj xyuas.
- Ntshav urea nitrogen thiab qib creatine tseem yuav raug tshuaj xyuas hauv cov hlau vim lawv yog cov cim qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum.
- Rau cov neeg mob uas tau muab tshuaj digitalis, digoxin qib hauv lawv cov ntshav kuj tseem yuav tshuaj xyuas vim tias cov tshuaj cuam tshuam rau lub plawv dhia.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tau txais electrocardiogram (ECG)
Cov cuab yeej no yuav saib xyuas lub plawv ua haujlwm thiab cov cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj lossis lwm yam teeb meem. Tus kws kho mob yuav txiav qee qhov ntawm koj lub cev yog tias koj lub cev muaj plaub hau tag, thiab txuas 12 qhov hluav taws xob coj mus rau koj txhais caj npab, hauv siab, thiab txhais ceg. Txhua tus hlau lead yuav xa cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv mus rau tus saib xyuas rau 5-10 feeb. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum nyob twj ywm tseem thaum siv lub cuab yeej thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau rov ua dua.
Cov qib potassium qis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog qib magnesium. Qhov no tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm ECG thiab yuav ua rau Torsades de Pointes
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Txiav Txim Qhov Ua Rau Qes Qes Qis Qis
Kauj Ruam 1. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev noj tshuaj diuretics
Kev siv cov tshuaj diuretics tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qib qis potassium. Qee cov neeg mob uas muaj mob xws li ntshav siab yuav xav tau cov tshuaj diuretic. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov txiaj ntsig tau qis potassium, koj yuav tsum tau nug koj tus kws kho mob kom nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev kho.
Diuretics yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj uas suav nrog furosemide thiab hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). Diuretics ua haujlwm kom txo tau cov ntshav siab los ntawm kev nce cov zis. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov zaub mov xws li potassium muaj teeb meem tswj kev tshuav ntawm lub cev xav tau vim tias lawv tau tso tawm los ntawm cov zis
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntsuam xyuas koj txoj kev ua neej rau qhov muaj peev xwm ua rau
Qee qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov poov tshuaj tsawg vim yog vim li cas kev kho mob, thiab qee qhov tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nrog kev hloov pauv kev ua neej. Yog tias koj yog cawv, siv tshuaj laxatives ntau, lossis hws ntau, qhov no yuav yog qhov ua rau koj cov qib potassium tsawg. Tham nrog kws kho mob txog kev ua neej nyob lossis ib puag ncig hloov pauv uas xav tau los daws qhov teeb meem no.
- Koj yuav xav tau kev kho mob rau kev quav dej cawv yog tias koj xav tias koj tsis tuaj yeem ua nws ntawm koj tus kheej.
- Yog tias koj siv cov tshuaj laxatives ntau dhau, tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog yuav ua li cas thiaj txo koj txoj kev cia siab rau lawv thiab hloov lawv nrog txoj hauv kev ntuj.
- Yog tias koj hws ntau heev, tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau hloov koj txoj haujlwm lossis ib puag ncig nyob. Sim ua kom txias, nyob twj ywm hauv dej, lossis siv tshuaj kom txo qis hws tsim tawm.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas lwm yam teeb meem kev kho mob
Qib qis potassium tuaj yeem yog qhov taw qhia ntawm lwm qhov mob hnyav. Kab mob hauv lub raum thiab mob ntshav qab zib ketoacidosis tuaj yeem ua rau cov poov tshuaj tsawg thiab yuav tsum tau kho tam sim. Lwm yam mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov qib potassium qis yog folic acid tsis txaus lossis mob plab uas ua rau ntuav lossis ntuav.
Hyperaldosteronism tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob xws li ntshav siab thiab hypokalemia
Kauj Ruam 4. Kho koj cov khoom noj
Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj kom nce qib potassium yog noj cov zaub mov nplua nuj hauv potassium. Koj tseem tuaj yeem noj cov tshuaj potassium, tab sis nco ntsoov qhia koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej kom koj tsis txhob ua dhau. Cov zaub mov muaj poov tshuaj ntau, piv txwv li:
- Txiv tsawb
- Avocado
- Txiv lws suav
- Qos yaj ywm
- Zaub ntsuab
- Taum thiab taum
- Txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav
Lub tswv yim
- Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau noj cov tshuaj potassium hauv cov tshuaj lossis kua thaum lub sijhawm ntsuas txhawm rau nce koj cov qib potassium hauv ntshav (ntxiv rau, nug koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov ua rau muaj cov qib potassium tsawg, suav nrog kev noj zaub mov thiab tshuaj, xws li cov tshuaj diuretics).
- Cov mob hnyav ntawm hypokalemia tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj daws cov tshuaj potassium ncaj qha rau hauv cov hlab ntshav lossis noj cov tshuaj potassium. Cov txheej txheem no xav tau los ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib tsis nco qab thiab ketoacidosis.
- Potassium yog cov tshuaj lom uas tsuas pom muaj nyob hauv ntsev. Piv txwv li, potassium chloride siv los ua (tab sis tsis tshua muaj neeg nyiam) hloov ntsev muaj qhov sib txawv dua li cov ntsev ntsev (sodium chloride). Potassium muaj ntau nyob hauv dej hiav txwv thiab lwm yam zaub mov, thiab yog cov khoom tseem ceeb rau txhua yam muaj sia.
- Kev mob hypokalemia nyob rau theem nruab nrab yuav tsis xav tau kev kho tshuaj, thaum "cov tsos mob tsis tshwm sim". Cov kws kho mob tsuas tuaj yeem cia siab rau kev noj zaub mov thiab lub cev lub peev xwm los txhim kho qib potassium. Yog li, tus neeg mob yuav tsum noj zaub mov txaus uas muaj cov poov tshuaj txaus.
