Tej zaum koj tab tom sim daws cov lus nug xws li: "Yog tias tus nqi qub ntawm lub tsho yog IDR 45,000,00 thiab nws tau txo 20%, yuav tus nqi tshiab yuav raug ntau npaum li cas?" Cov lus nug no nug txog feem pua nce/txo thiab yog cov teeb meem lej yooj yooj yim. Nrog kev pab me ntsis, koj yuav tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem zoo sib xws yooj yim thiab sai.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Xam Xam Xaj
Kauj Ruam 1. Xeem feem pua ntawm cov lus nug xws li:
"Yog tias lub tsho rau Rp. 40,000, 00 yog luv nqi rau Rp. 32,000, 00, qhov feem pua ntawm qhov luv nqi tau muab?"
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas qhov kawg/tus nqi tshiab (tus lej tau txais tom qab tus nqi pib raug rau feem pua) thiab tus nqi pib
Hauv qhov piv txwv teeb meem saum toj no, feem pua tsis paub, IDR 40,000, 00 yog tus nqi pib, thiab IDR 32,000, 00 yog tus nqi tshiab
Kauj Ruam 3. Faib tus nqi tshiab los ntawm tus nqi pib
Xyuas kom tus nqi tshiab raug ntaus rau hauv lub laij lej ua ntej.
- Txhawm rau teb cov teeb meem piv txwv, sau tus lej 32,000, nias lub cim faib, nkag tus lej 40,000, thiab tom qab ntawd nias lub cim sib npaug.
- Cov txiaj ntsig tau tshwm sim yog: 0, 8 (qhov no tsis yog lo lus kawg)
Kauj Ruam 4. Tsiv tus zauv zauv (cim) ob qhov chaw qhov tseem ceeb mus rau sab xis kom tus zauv zauv zauv tig los ua ib feem pua
Hauv qhov piv txwv teeb meem, hloov 0, 8 txog 80%.
Kauj Ruam 5. Sib piv qhov feem pua ntawd rau 100%
Yog tias qhov feem pua tsawg dua 100%, kev txo lossis txo nqi tshwm sim. Yog tias feem pua ntau dua 100%, qhov nce tshwm sim.
- Hauv qhov teeb meem piv txwv, vim tias tus nqi tshiab me dua tus nqi pib thiab yam uas tau nug yog luv nqi, peb cov kev suav daws kom deb li deb.
- Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog qhov txiaj ntsig yog 120%, qhov tseeb peb qhov kev suav tsis raug vim tias lo lus nug tau thov kom txo nqi yog li tsis muaj txoj hauv kev nce ntxiv (ntau dua 100%).
Kauj Ruam 6. Xam qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov feem pua thiab 100%
Qhov txawv yog lo lus teb kawg. Hauv qhov teeb meem piv txwv, muaj qhov sib txawv 20% ntawm 80% thiab 100%. Yog li, thawj tus nqi ntawm lub tsho tau txo los ntawm 20%.
Kauj Ruam 7. Xyaum ua haujlwm los ntawm qhov piv txwv hauv qab no
Txhawm rau nkag siab zoo dua, kawm cov lus nug hauv qab no thiab yuav daws lawv li cas:
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Nqe lus nug #1: "Lub tsho rau Rp. 50,000, 00 yog luv nqi rau Rp. 28,000, 00. Qhov feem pua luv nqi muab yog dab tsi?"
- Siv lub laij lej. Sau tus lej 28,000, nias lub cim faib, nkag tus lej 50,000, tom qab ntawd nias lub cim sib npaug; tshwm qhov tshwm sim ntawm 0.56.
- Hloov 0.56 rau 56%. Xam qhov sib txawv ntawm 50% thiab 100%; 44% tawm los. Yog li, tus nqi pib ntawm lub tsho luv luv tau txo los ntawm 44%.
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Nqe lus nug #2: "Lub kaus mom ntaus pob rau Rp. 12,000, 00 muag rau Rp. 15,000, 00 tom qab them se. Feem pua them se yog dab tsi?"
- Siv lub laij lej. Sau tus lej 15,000, nias lub cim faib, nkag tus lej 12,000, nias lub cim sib npaug; qhov tshwm sim yog 1.25.
- Hloov 1.25 rau 125%. Xam qhov sib txawv ntawm 125% thiab 100%; 25% tawm los. Yog li, tus nqi pib ntawm lub kaus mom ntaus pob tau nce 25%.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Xam Tus Nqi Tshiab
Kauj Ruam 1. Xam cov qhab nia tshiab/zaum kawg ntawm cov lus nug xws li:
"Jin ris rau IDR 25,000.00 muab 60% luv nqi. Tus tshiab yog pes tsawg?" lossis "Ib pawg kab mob ntawm 4,800 tus kab mob tau nce 20%. Tam sim no muaj pes tsawg tus kab mob?"
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas seb lo lus nug cuam tshuam nrog feem pua nce lossis txo qis
Piv txwv li, teeb meem ntsig txog kev muag se cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ib feem pua. Ntawm qhov tod tes, teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev txo nqi cuam tshuam nrog feem pua txo.
Kauj Ruam 3. Yog tias qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ib feem, ntxiv 100% rau feem pua
Piv txwv li, hloov 8% se kev muag khoom mus rau 108% lossis 12% ntxiv rau 112%.
Kauj Ruam 4. Yog tias qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog feem pua poob, rho tawm 100% los ntawm feem pua
Yog tias qee yam raug txo los ntawm 30%, ua qhov suav nrog 70%; yog tias tus nqi ntawm ib yam khoom luv nqi 12%, ua qhov suav nrog 88%.
Kauj Ruam 5. Hloov qhov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm Kauj Ruam 3 lossis 4 mus rau tus lej lej
Tsiv tus lej zauv ob qhov chaw qhov tseem ceeb mus rau sab laug.
- Piv txwv: hloov 67% rau 0.67; 125% rau 1.25; 108% rau 1.08.
- Thaum tsis ntseeg, faib qhov tshwm sim los ntawm Kauj Ruam 3 lossis 4 los ntawm 100; qhov tshwm sim yuav zoo ib yam li hloov qhov zauv cim zauv ob qhov chaw mus rau sab laug.
Kauj Ruam 6. Muab cov zauv zauv zauv zauv los ntawm tus nqi pib
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj ua haujlwm ntawm lo lus nug "Jeans rau Rp. 25,000, 00 tau muab 60% luv nqi. Tus nqi tshiab yog dab tsi?", ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas cov kauj ruam no:
- 25,000 x 0, 40 =?
- Nco ntsoov, 100% tau muab rho tawm 60% kom tau 40%, uas tom qab ntawd hloov pauv mus rau tus lej lej.
Kauj Ruam 7. Sau kab lus teb kom raug, tom qab ntawv ua tiav
Hauv qhov teeb meem piv txwv, kev suav zaum kawg yog:
- 25,000 x 0, 40 =? Muab ob tus lej no kom tau 10,000.
- Txawm li cas los xij, 10,000 dab tsi? 10,000 rub. Yog li, tom qab 60% luv nqi, tus nqi ntawm cov ris luv dhau los ua IDR 10,000, 00.
Kauj Ruam 8. Xyaum ua haujlwm los ntawm qhov piv txwv hauv qab no
Kom nkag siab zoo dua, kawm cov lus nug hauv qab no thiab yuav daws lawv li cas:
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Nqe lus nug #1: "Jin ris rau Rp. 120,000.00 tawm 65%. Tus tshiab yog pes tsawg?"
- Teb: 100% - 65% = 35%; hloov 35% rau 0.35.
- 0.35 x 120,000 = 42,000. Yog li, tom qab 65% luv nqi, tus nqi ntawm cov ris tsho yog IDR 42,000, 00 (pheej yig heev!)
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Teeb meem #2: "Ib pawg kab mob ntawm 4,800 txuj ci tau nce 20%. Tam sim no muaj pes tsawg tus kab mob?"
- Teb: 100% + 20% = 120%; hloov 120% rau 1,2.
- 1,2 x 4,800 = 5,760. Yog li, hauv pawg neeg, muaj 5,760 tus kab mob tam sim no.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Xam Thawj Tus Nqi
Kauj Ruam 1. Xam thawj tus nqi ntawm cov lus nug xws li:
"Cov vis dis aus game tau muag ntawm 75% rau Rp. 15,000.00. Tus nqi pib ntawm cov vis dis aus yog dab tsi?" lossis "Tus nqi ntawm kev nqis peev nce 22% yog li tam sim no nws muaj nqis $ 1,525,000.00. Tus nqi pib ntawm kev nqis peev yog dab tsi?"
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Txhawm rau teb cov lus nug zoo ib yam, nkag siab tias feem pua, txawm tias lawv nce lossis tsawg dua, raug suav los ntawm kev sib npaug. Yog li, qhov sib ntxiv, tsis yog nce lossis txo, yuav tsum tau tso tseg. Yog li, peb yam hauv qab no siv tau:
- Txoj kev siv yog "faib ua feem pua".
- Yog tias lo lus nug cuam tshuam nrog nce ib feem pua, feem pua tseem ntxiv txog 100%.
- Yog tias qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev txo qis ib feem, 100% tseem raug rho tawm ib feem pua.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas seb lo lus nug cuam tshuam nrog feem pua nce lossis txo qis
Piv txwv li, qhov teeb meem ntsig txog kev muag se cuam tshuam nrog feem pua nce, thaum txo tus nqi sawv cev rau kev txo qis; Cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov peev txheej koom nrog nce ib feem pua, thaum cov pejxeem loj zuj zus tuaj cuam tshuam nrog ib feem pua txo.
- Piv txwv li, cia ua qhov teeb meem no: "A game game is on sale at 75% for $ 15,000. What is the initial price of the video game?"
- Kev muag yog tib yam li luv nqi. Yog li, qhov teeb meem no cuam tshuam nrog feem pua poob.
- IDR 15,000, 00 yog tus nqi tshiab/zaum kawg vim tias nws yog tus nqi tau txais tom qab muab tus nqi txo.
Kauj Ruam 3. Yog tias qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ib feem, ntxiv 100% rau feem pua
Yog tias qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog feem pua poob, rho tawm 100% los ntawm feem pua.
Txij li qhov teeb meem piv txwv peb tab tom ua haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog kev txo nqi/feem pua, rho 100% los ntawm 75% kom tau txais txiaj ntsig 25%
Kauj Ruam 4. Hloov qhov tshwm sim mus rau tus lej lej
Tsiv tus lej zauv ob qhov chaw mus rau sab laug lossis faib los ntawm 100.
Hloov 25% rau 0.25
Kauj Ruam 5. Sib faib tus nqi tshiab los ntawm tus lej zauv uas tau txais los ntawm Kauj Ruam 3
Txoj kev no rov ua dua qhov sib npaug, raws li tau piav qhia hauv Kauj Ruam 1.
Kauj Ruam 6. Hauv qhov piv txwv teeb meem, IDR 15,000, 00 yog tus nqi tshiab thiab 0, 25 yog tus lej zauv uas tau txais los ntawm Kauj Ruam 3
Siv lub laij lej. Sau tus lej 15,000, nias lub cim faib, nkag tus lej 0, 25, thiab tom qab ntawd nias lub cim sib npaug
Kauj Ruam 7. Sau kab lus teb kom raug, tom qab ntawv ua tiav
Koj nyuam qhuav ua tiav qhov teeb meem uas nug txog qib pib.
- 15,000 faib los ntawm 0.25 = 60,000. Yog li, tus nqi pib ntawm cov vis dis aus yog IDR 60,000.00.
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Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas koj cov lus teb ob zaug, muab tus nqi txo (75% lossis 0.75) los ntawm tus nqi qub (Rp60,000.00). Yog tias cov lus teb raug, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib npaug yog tus nqi txo.
(Rp15,000, 00): 0.75 x 60,000 = 45,000; IDR 60,000, 00 (tus nqi pib) - IDR 45,000, 00 (tus nqi txo) = IDR 15,000, 00 (tus nqi tshiab)
Kauj Ruam 8. Xyaum ua haujlwm los ntawm qhov piv txwv hauv qab no
Txhawm rau nkag siab zoo dua, kawm cov lus nug hauv qab no thiab yuav daws lawv li cas: "Tus nqi ntawm kev nqis peev nce 22% yog li tam sim no muaj nqis IDR 1,525,000, 00. Tus nqi pib ntawm kev nqis peev yog dab tsi?"
- Qhov teeb meem no cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ib feem pua. Yog li, ntxiv 100% los ntawm 22% kom tau 122%.
- Hloov 122% rau tus lej lej: 1, 22.
- Siv lub laij lej. Sau tus lej 1.525,000, nias lub cim faib, nkag tus lej 1, 22, nias lub cim sib npaug; qhov tshwm sim yog 1,250,000.
- Sau kab lus teb kom raug. Yog li, thawj qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev nqis peev yog IDR 1,250,000,00.
Lub tswv yim
- Tus nqi tshiab/zaum kawg yog xam los ntawm kev sib npaug. Thawj qhov tseem ceeb thiab feem pua yog xam los ntawm kev faib.
- Yog tias qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ib feem, ntxiv 100% rau feem pua. Yog tias qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog feem pua poob, rho tawm 100% los ntawm feem pua. Qhov no siv rau txhua feem pua cov lus nug, txawm hais tias ua tiav siv qhov sib npaug lossis faib txoj hauv kev.
- Tsis txhob hnov qab hloov tus lej zauv yog xav tau.
- Tsis txhob hnov qab sau cov chav, piv txwv li rupiah, feem pua, thiab lwm yam. Yog koj tsis sau lossis sau chav tsis raug, tus kws qhia ntawv yuav txo koj qib.
- Xyaum kwv yees cov lus teb. Kwv yees kwv yees cov lus teb kawg koj yuav tau txais (ntau dua 100? Ntau dua 200? Tsawg dua 50? Tsawg dua 20?) Thiab pom tias cov lus teb zaum kawg phim koj qhov kwv yees kwv yees.
