Asbestos yog cov ntxhia ntuj uas muaj cov nyias thiab ntom. Vim tias nws cov tawv tawv, asbestos feem ntau yog siv hauv kev tsim cov rwb thaiv tsev, tiv thaiv hluav taws, thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsim kho. Hmoov tsis zoo, kev tshawb pom pom pom tias asbestos ua rau muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai thaum cov fibers xoob thiab tso rau saum huab cua. Cov fiber ntau uas nqus tau thaum koj ua pa tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij mos uas ua rau lub ntsws (mesothelioma), thiab txawm tias mob ntsws cancer. Koj tuaj yeem kuaj rau asbestos ntawm koj tus kheej, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom muaj kev sim ua los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas tau lees paub, tshwj xeeb yog yog tias koj nyob hauv Asmeskas. Yog tias muaj asbestos, ntiav ib tus neeg cog lus los kho lossis ntxuav cov khoom asbestos uas muaj los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub tsev.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Cov Cim Ntawm Asbestos
Kauj Ruam 1. Tshawb xyuas thaum lub tsev tau tsim
Asbestos tau siv dav hauv xyoo 1920-1989, tom qab Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig (EPA) tau pib tswj cov khoom uas muaj asbestos. Asbestos feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv cov tsev, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov pa cua sov, tshuab ziab plaub hau, qee yam khaub ncaws thiab txawm tias tsheb nres.
- Cov phab ntsa, cov plag tsev, cov kav dej, cov xim pleev xim, rwb thaiv tsev, cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws, cov kav dej, cov xov hluav taws xob, thiab txawm tias cov laug cam ua los ntawm 1920-1989 tuaj yeem muaj asbestos. Yog tias lub tsev tau tsim xyoo 1920-1989, nws zoo li lub tsev muaj cov khoom siv uas muaj asbestos.
- Qee cov khoom siv niaj hnub no muaj asbestos. Cov khoom uas muaj asbestos tau sau nrog daim ntawv tshwj xeeb.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib xyuas cov cim ntawm cov khoom asbestos cuam tshuam
Koj tsis tuaj yeem qhia yog tias cov khoom muaj asbestos tsuas yog saib nws. Hloov chaw, nrhiav cov cim qhia tias qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Asbestos tsis txaus ntshai yog tias nws tseem nyob zoo, tab sis thaum nws pib tawg thiab cov fibers tso rau saum huab cua, nws ua tshuaj lom. Nrhiav cov cim ntawm cov khoom qub uas hnav lossis puas.
- Saib xyuas cov kav dej tawg, lossis rwb thaiv tsev, phab ntsa, vuas, vinyl pem teb, lub hauv paus lub hauv paus, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hnav uas tau nyob hauv lub tsev no txij thaum nws tsim los.
- Saib rau qhov tawg, thaj tsam uas muaj plua plav uas cov khoom zoo li yuav lwj.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav txim siab seb puas yuav sim thaj chaw
Yog tias koj tsis pom cov cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj hauv kev tsim kho, tej zaum koj yuav tsum tsis txhob sim nws, asbestos tsuas yog txaus ntshai thaum tso rau saum huab cua. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj pom ib qho ntawm cov cim, lossis yog tias koj tsuas yog xav kom ntseeg tau tias koj muaj kev nyab xeeb, ntiav ib tus kws tshaj lij uas muaj ntawv pov thawj los ntsuas thiab tuav asbestos yam nyab xeeb.
- Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, sim thaj chaw yog tias koj npaj yuav ua haujlwm tshiab, lossis hloov cov khoom qub. Txawm tias cov ntaub ntawv uas tseem nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho thiab tuaj yeem tso cov fibers mus rau saum huab cua.
- Thaum koj tuaj yeem yuav cov cuab yeej los ua koj tus kheej asbestos kuaj, nws tsis pom zoo tias koj sim nws tus kheej. Kev ntsuas asbestos yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ib tus neeg uas tau dhau los ntawm kev qhia thiab nkag siab yuav ua li cas lis cov khoom yam tsis muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv rau cov neeg nyob hauv. Yog tias koj tsis tau txais kev qhia paub, koj tuaj yeem ua rau khaus khaus thiab nqus nws, lossis ua phem rau lwm tus.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Xeem Thaj Chaw
Kauj Ruam 1. Ntiav tus neeg cog lus los ua qhov kev xeem
Hu rau tus neeg cog lus uas EPA tau pom zoo, kawm paub thiab muaj ntawv tso cai lis asbestos thiab txheeb xyuas qhov xav tias muaj teeb meem me me, thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv twg xav tau los ntawm EPA. Yog tias koj yuav khaws cov qauv koj tus kheej, koj tseem yuav tsum muab cov qauv rau kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm EPA-ntawv pov thawj kuaj sim, thiab muab cov khoom tiv thaiv uas koj hnav thaum sau los rau kev pov tseg kom raug.
- EPA muab cov npe ntawm cov neeg cog lus lees paub los ntawm lub xeev ntawm
- Tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj tsis xav kom tsev neeg sib cais hauv tsev los kuaj rau asbestos los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij tau lees paub, tab sis qee lub xeev ua.
- Yog tias koj xav koom nrog txoj haujlwm cob qhia asbestos, hu rau koj lub chaw haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv nroog lossis hauv xeev, lossis cheeb tsam EPA chaw haujlwm kom paub ntau ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Npaj thaj tsam kom raug sim
Txij li cov tshuaj asbestos tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom thiab tsim kev phom sij, koj yuav tsum tau ua qee qhov kev ceev faj kom ntseeg tau tias txhua tus neeg muaj kev nyab xeeb ua ntej tus kws cog lus lees paub ua qhov kev sim. Teeb koj lub tsev raws li hauv qab no:
- Tua ib lub tshuab cua txias, kiv cua, lossis lub tshuab tso cua uas tuaj yeem nthuav cov asbestos rau saum huab cua.
- Npaj phiaj xwm cais thaj tsam ntawd; tsis txhob cia tib neeg nkag thiab tawm thaum qhov chaw raug sim.
- Yog tias qhov kev xeem raug ua hauv tsev, thov kom txhua tus tawm hauv tsev thaum lub sijhawm xeem ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nkag siab cov txheej txheem tshuaj asbestos
Yog tias koj ntiav EPA-tus neeg cog lus lees paub los rau hauv koj lub tsev los kuaj rau asbestos, muaj ntau tus txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntau dua. Ib tus neeg nyob hauv chav thaum kuaj yuav tsum hnav cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv thiab khoom siv, suav nrog hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, khau looj plab hlaub, khaub ncaws uas yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg tom qab khaws cov qauv, thiab lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag nrog lub HEPA (Kev Ua Tau Zoo Tshaj Plaws Huab Cua) lim. Tus neeg cog lus tuaj yeem siv cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no:
- Ib daim ntawv yas yuav muab tso rau hauv qab thaj tsam uas yuav coj mus kuaj thiab ruaj ntseg nrog daim kab xev.
- Thaj tsam yuav tsum tau tshuaj tsuag nrog dej txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov fibers tawm hauv huab cua.
- Ib qho cuab yeej siv los faib cov khoom ntsuas thiab tau txais cov qauv ntawm cov fibers hauv nws.
- Ib qho piv txwv me me ntawm cov khoom uas yuav lossis yuav zoo rau asbestos yuav muab tso rau hauv lub thawv qhib-kaw rau kev sim hauv chav kuaj.
- Thaj tsam qhov chaw kuaj tau npog nrog daim ntawv yas, phab ntsa ntub dej, lossis daim kab xev txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis cov kab mob uas xav tias kis tau.
- Cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv kab mob nrog cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub thawv kaw kom pov tseg kom zoo.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tos rau qhov ntsuas ntsuas
Cov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum raug xa mus rau asbestos tsom xam kuaj pom zoo los ntawm National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) ntawm National Institute of Standards and technology (NIST). Ib daim ntawv teev cov chaw kuaj mob tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntawm https://www.nist.gov/. Yog tias cov qauv ntsuas pom zoo rau asbestos, txiav txim siab seb koj puas yuav kho thaj chaw lossis tshem cov khoom asbestos uas muaj los ntawm koj lub tsev.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Hais txog Asbestos
Kauj Ruam 1. Kho cov khoom uas cuam tshuam
Cov txheej txheem kho rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj asbestos feem ntau suav nrog kev sib khi lossis kaw qhov chaw kom tiv thaiv cov fibers tawm hauv huab cua. Kho cov ntaub ntawv yuav zoo li qhov kev txiav txim siab coj txawv txawv uas muaj cov carcinogens txaus ntshai, tab sis nws yog qhov kev xaiv nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Kev muab cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg ua rau khaus khaus ntau dua thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntau dua, thaum kho cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj asbestos tso cai rau koj nyob nrog cov khoom siv nyab xeeb.
- Kev kho yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij uas muaj ntawv pov thawj kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej txheem tau ua tiav raug. Feem ntau yog siv cov khoom ntim tshwj xeeb los yog npog rau ntawm thaj chaw kom tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob lwj. Cov plag tsev uas muaj asbestos tuaj yeem npog nrog cov plag tsev tshiab los tiv thaiv cov lint los ntawm huab cua.
- Kho tus nqi tsawg dua kev pov tseg, thiab feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov khoom puas txaus, thiab thaum kawg yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg, nws zoo dua kom maj nrawm thiab muab pov tseg. Kev siv cov khoom sib khi lossis npog cov khoom tuaj yeem ua rau koj nyuaj rau muab cov khoom pov tseg tom qab.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ceev faj nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj asbestos
Tom qab kho tas, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj ib puag ncig cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj asbestos. Ceev faj tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov khoom thiab xoob cov asbestos fibers. Ua cov theem hauv qab no kom ceev faj nrog asbestos:
- Txo cov dej num hauv thaj chaw uas muaj asbestos. Piv txwv li, yog tias phab ntsa hauv qab daus muaj asbestos, tsis txhob siv sijhawm ntau nyob ntawd.
- Tsis txhob pom, xuab zeb, khawb, laum, lossis cov khoom puas uas muaj asbestos, txawm tias tom qab siv cov khoom sib khi lawm.
- Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav los txhuam cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj asbestos.
- Tsis txhob nqus los yog txhuam cov khib nyiab rau hauv pem teb uas yuav muaj asbestos.
- Yog tias kev puas tsuaj loj dua, nug tus kws tshaj lij los kho nws.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav txim siab tshem tawm asbestos
Yog tias koj xav tau yam tsis muaj cov khoom asbestos uas muaj nyob hauv koj lub tsev, koj zoo dua pov lawv pov tseg. Ntiav tus neeg cog lus uas tau kawm los ntawm EPA. Cov txheej txheem pov tseg muaj kev phom sij ntau dua li txheej txheem kho, thiab yog ua tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau tib neeg siv lub tsev.
