Kev thuam yog lub hom phiaj tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev sau ntawv lossis kev tshawb fawb, uas hais txog seb tus neeg sau ua tiav los txhawb nws lub tswv yim nrog lub laj thawj zoo thiab kev sib cav raws qhov tseeb. Kev thuam yooj yim poob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus yam tsis tau tshuaj xyuas thiab nug nws. Qhov kev thuam zoo qhia koj qhov kev pom ntawm tsab xov xwm thaum muab pov thawj txaus los txhawb koj qhov kev pom. Raws li tus neeg thuam, nyeem kom zoo thiab ua tib zoo, npaj cov lus sib cav thiab pov thawj, thiab sau kom meej thiab ntseeg tau.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Ua Tus Nyeem Ntawv nquag
Kauj Ruam 1. Nyeem kab lus ib zaug kom tau lub ntsiab lus
Thaum koj nyeem kab ntawv thawj zaug, sim nkag siab tus kws sau ntawv sib cav tag nrho. Saib tus kws sau ntawv thesis.
Kauj Ruam 2. Kos cov ntawv thaum koj nyeem nws ib zaug ntxiv
Koj tuaj yeem siv tus cwj mem ballpoint liab los kos rau nws kom nws yooj yim pom. Nug cov lus nug zoo li cov hauv qab no thaum koj nyeem zaum ob:
- Tus sau phau ntawv thesis/kev sib cav yog dab tsi?
- Tus kws sau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sau cov ntawv no yog dab tsi?
- Leej twg yog tus nyeem lub hom phiaj? Kab lus no puas tuaj yeem ncav cuag cov neeg mloog?
- Tus sau puas tau muab pov thawj txaus thiab siv tau?
- Puas muaj qhov tsis raug ntawm tus sau qhov kev sib cav?
- Tus sau puas tau txhais cov pov thawj tsis raug lossis ntxiv qhov tsis ncaj ncees rau cov pov thawj?
- Tus neeg sau puas tau txais ib qho kev xaus?
Kauj Ruam 3. Tsim tus cim kev cai
Ua cov cim tshwj xeeb kom paub qhov sib txawv ntawm kab lus hauv kab ntawv uas tej zaum yuav tsis meej pem, tseem ceeb, lossis tsis sib xws.
- Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem sau kab lus qee ntu, ntu ntu tsis meej pem, thiab thaj chaw hnub qub uas tsis sib xws.
- Ua cov cim tshwj xeeb nrog qee lub cim uas tuaj yeem ua rau koj yooj yim dua rau koj kos npe sai sai rau kab lus. Thaum nws yuav siv qee lub sijhawm los paub txog cov cim koj tau tsim rau koj tus kheej, dhau sijhawm lawv yuav los rau hauv lub siab thiab koj yuav tuaj yeem tshawb cov ntawv sai dua.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua cov ntawv ntev dua ntawm kev nyeem tom ntej
Ntxiv rau muab cov cim tshwj xeeb, cov ntawv tseem tuaj yeem pab txhim kho koj tus kheej lub siab thaum nyeem ntawv. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj pom tias tus kws sau ntawv thov tuaj yeem rov hais dua nrog kev ua haujlwm tshawb fawb uas koj nyuam qhuav nyeem ua ntej, sau tseg ntawm cov npoo, lossis ntawm ib daim ntawv, lossis hauv computer yog li koj tuaj yeem rov nco tau.
- Tsis txhob dag rau hauv kev xav koj tuaj yeem nco qab txhua yam ntawm koj lub tswv yim thaum koj pib sau ntawv thuam.
- Siv sijhawm los sau koj cov kev soj ntsuam thaum koj nyeem. Koj yuav pom tias nws muaj txiaj ntsig los sau ntawv thaum koj suav nrog koj qhov kev soj ntsuam hauv kev sau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tsim thawj daim qauv ntawm koj qhov kev thuam
Ua kom pom dav ntawm kev sau ntawv. Ntsuas tus sau qhov kev xav tag nrho tom qab koj tau nyeem kab lus ob lossis peb zaug. Sau koj thawj qhov kev xav ntawm kev sau ntawv.
Ua cov ntaub ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem txhawb koj qhov kev thuam. Sau cov ntaub ntawv twg uas koj tau nyeem lossis cov ntaub ntawv uas koj tau pom uas yuav pab txheeb xyuas cov ntawv no
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Sau Pov Thawj
Kauj Ruam 1. Nug seb tus sau cov lus tag nrho puas muaj tseeb
Ntsuas qhov kev xav thiab sib piv nrog qee qhov piv txwv zoo sib xws.
- Txawm hais tias tus kws sau ntawv tau ua kev tshawb fawb thiab hais txog cov kws tshaj lij uas ntseeg siab, kev tshuaj xyuas cov lus nws nthuav tawm yog ua raws qhov ua tau zoo thiab nws daim ntawv thov hauv ntiaj teb tiag.
- Txheeb xyuas tus kws sau cov lus taw qhia thiab xaus kom pom tias lawv puas txaus ntseeg thiab ua tiav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas seb kab lus puas muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees, puas yog txhob txwm ua lossis tsis yog
Yog tias tus neeg sau ntawv muaj kev txaus siab rau qhov kev txiav txim siab qhov kev sau qhia, muaj qhov ua tau tias qhov kev sau ntawv tsis ncaj ncees.
- Kev tsis ncaj ncees tuaj yeem ua qhov tsis quav ntsej cov pov thawj tsis sib xws, siv cov pov thawj tsis tsim nyog los txog ntawm cov lus xaus sib txawv, thiab siv tus kheej kev xav uas tsis yog raws li kev sau ntawv. Cov tswv yim nrog cov peev txheej ntseeg tau tuaj yeem siv tau, tab sis kev xav uas tsis muaj lub hauv paus kev kawm yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib dua.
- Kev tsis ntseeg kuj tuaj yeem los ntawm kev ntxub ntxaug. Saib rau kev ntxub ntxaug ntsig txog haiv neeg, haiv neeg twg, poj niam txiv neej, chav kawm hauv zej zog, lossis kev nom kev tswv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav txog tus neeg txhais lus ntawm lwm qhov kev sau
Yog tias tus neeg sau ntawv foob txog lwm tsab xov xwm, nyeem thawj kab lus thiab hais koj qhov kev xav txog nws. Feem ntau peb yuav tsis pom zoo ib puas feem pua; tab sis txiav txim siab seb tus sau phau ntawv txhais lus puas tiv thaiv tau.
- Nco tseg ib qho tsis sib xws ntawm koj kev txhais lus thiab tus neeg txhais lus ntawm tib cov ntawv. Qhov txawv xws li cov no tuaj yeem ua ke thaum koj sau ntawv thuam.
- Nrhiav seb lwm tus kws tshaj lij xav li cas. Yog tias ntau tus kws tshaj lij los ntawm keeb kwm sib txawv sib qhia tib lub tswv yim txog ib nqe lus tshwj xeeb, qhov kev xav ntawd tuaj yeem ntseeg tau ntau dua li lwm qhov kev sau uas tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tshaj tawm yog tias tus sau tau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis txaus ntseeg
Puas yog tus neeg sau ntawv sau tsab ntawv tsib caug xyoo uas tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev qhuab qhia ntxiv lawm? Yog tias tus sau cites qhov tsis ntseeg siab tsawg, tsab xov xwm yuav poob kev ntseeg siab.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tsis txhob saib tsis taus tag nrho cov ntawv sau
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib qho kev sau yog tej zaum qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev thuam kev sau ntawv, tab sis tsis txhob saib xyuas daim ntawv thiab/lossis hom lus ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau siv. Pom qhov txawv txav ntawm cov lus xaiv thiab tus neeg sau ntawv hais txog nws qhov kev sau ntawv. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv kev sau tsis yog kev tshawb fawb cuam tshuam nrog kev sau ntawv, piv txwv.
- Qhov no tuaj yeem nthuav qhia ntau qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev xav dav. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib daim ntawv sau tau sau rau hauv lub suab hnyav dhau, nws yuav tsis quav ntsej lossis tsis kam muab pov thawj uas cuam tshuam nrog nws qhov kev tshuaj xyuas.
- Ib txwm tshuaj xyuas cov lus txhais ntawm cov lus tsis paub. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus tuaj yeem hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus tag nrho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias lo lus muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus. Nug yog vim li cas tus kws sau ntawv xaiv qee lo lus tshaj lwm tus. Qhov kev xaiv yuav piav qhia qee yam txog tus neeg sau qhov kev xav.
Kauj Ruam 6. Nug cov kev tshawb fawb uas siv hauv kev sau txuj ci
Yog tias ib tsab xov xwm muaj cov kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb, xyuas kom tseeb tias koj tshawb xyuas cov kev tshawb fawb tom qab kev sim. Nug cov lus nug raws li hauv qab no:
- Tus sau puas tau piav qhia ntxaws ntawm txoj hauv kev?
- Puas muaj qhov ua rau tuag taus hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb tsim?
- Puas muaj teeb meem nrog cov qauv me me?
- Puas muaj pawg tswj hwm los sib piv?
- Puas yog txhua qhov kev suav suav suav raug?
- Puas muaj lwm pab pawg uas tuaj yeem theej tawm qhov kev sim?
- Puas yog qhov kev sim tseem ceeb txaus rau kev tshawb fawb?
Kauj Ruam 7. Khawb tob
Siv tag nrho koj cov kev paub, kev ntseeg tau zoo, thiab kev tshawb fawb los txhawb lossis tsis lees paub tus kws sau ntawv cov lus pom hauv kab lus. Tshaj tawm cov lus sib cav los txhawb koj txoj kev xav.
- Thaum cov pov thawj ntau dua qhov zoo dua, muaj qee lub sijhawm pov thawj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub tswv yim rov ua dua. Ua kom ntseeg tau tias txhua qhov chaw yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv koj qhov kev thuam.
- Ib qho ntxiv, tsis txhob tso cov lus hais tawm los ua rau koj tus kheej cov kev xav thiab kev xav.
Kauj Ruam 8. Nco ntsoov tias kev thuam tsis tas yuav ua qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo
Feem ntau, qhov kev thuam sau zoo tshaj plaws tsis pom zoo nrog tus sau tab sis ua tiav lossis txhim kho tus sau txoj kev xav nrog lwm cov pov thawj.
- Yog tias koj pom zoo nrog tus kws sau ntawv, txhim kho tus sau txoj kev xav los ntawm kev muab pov thawj ntxiv lossis ntxiv cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb.
- Koj tuaj yeem muab pov thawj tawm tsam qhov kev xav tshwj xeeb thaum tswj qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev xav ntawd.
- Tsis txhob "khuv xim" tus kws sau ntawv tawm ntawm qhov tsis nkag siab ntawm kev nkag siab; tsis txhob ntxub ntau dhau los ua pov thawj qhov tseeb ntawm koj qhov kev thuam. Qhia meej txog yuav tiv thaiv koj li kev xav li cas yog tias koj pom zoo lossis tsis pom zoo.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nrog cov lus qhia uas piav qhia koj qhov kev xav
Cov lus taw qhia yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj ob kab lus thiab yuav tsum piav qhia qhov txheej txheem yooj yim ntawm koj qhov kev thuam. Pib los ntawm kev taw qhia qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws lossis ua tsis tiav ntawm qhov koj sau ntawv thuam.
- Nco ntsoov suav nrog tus sau lub npe, lub npe ntawm tsab xov xwm, phau ntawv xov xwm lossis ntawv tshaj tawm uas muaj kab lus, hnub tshaj tawm, thiab cov lus hais txog kev tsom mus rau thiab/lossis thesis ntawm kab lus hauv kab lus pib.
- Kev taw qhia tsis yog qhov chaw nthuav tawm cov pov thawj ntawm koj qhov kev xav. Cov pov thawj tuaj yeem sau rau hauv kab lus ntawm lub cev hauv qhov kev thuam.
- Ua siab tawv qhia lub hom phiaj hauv kev qhia ncaj qha. Tsis txhob mus ncig thiab hloov pauv lossis tsawg dua vim tias nws yuav txo qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm koj qhov kev sau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab pov thawj rau koj qhov kev xav hauv lub cev ntawm pawg lus thuam
Txhua kab lus yuav tsum piav qhia lub tswv yim tshiab lossis txhim kho kev xav hauv txoj hauv kev tshiab.
- Pib txhua kab lus ntawm lub cev nrog kab lus ntsiab lus uas piav qhia tag nrho cov kab lus hauv nws. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob hais kom xaus tag nrho cov kab lus hauv ib kab lus ntsiab lus. Kab lus no tsuas yog ua haujlwm hloov pauv ntawm ib lub tswv yim mus rau lwm qhov.
- Xaus txhua kab lus ntawm lub cev nrog kab lus nruab nrab uas qhia, txawm hais tias tsis tau hais meej meej, qhov kab lus tom ntej yog mus. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem sau qee yam xws li, "Thaum Polan hais tias cov menyuam yaus rog nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau nce nrawm dua, muaj pov thawj pom tias cov rog rog poob qis hauv ntau lub nroog Asmeskas." Cov kab lus tom ntej no yuav muab qee qhov piv txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov tsis sib xws hauv qee lub nroog uas koj nyuam qhuav hais.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nyuaj siab rau koj qhov kev xav tom kawg ntawm qhov kev thuam
Tsis muaj teeb meem npaum li cas koj lub tswv yim yog, ib txwm muaj txoj hauv kev los ua kom koj cov ntawv sau tau zoo dua los ntawm kev ntxiv qhov ua tiav lossis ua nws ib qib ntxiv thiab taw qhia qhov ua tau. Ua qhov no hauv kab lus kawg no ua ntej koj txiav txim siab tawm qhov kev xav kawg ntawm koj cov neeg nyeem.
Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem muab qhov kev cia siab tias yuav rov hais dua raws li tus neeg tawm tsam rau koj qhov kev thuam kom rov lees paub koj txoj haujlwm. Siv cov kab lus xws li "Tsis lees paub", "Yuav tsum lees", "Tej zaum ib tus neeg yuav tawm tsam" los sau cov lus tsis txaus siab. Tom qab ntawd, teb cov lus tsis txaus siab thiab txhawb koj lub tswv yim nrog "tab sis", "txawm li cas los xij", lossis "txawm li ntawd los"
Kauj Ruam 4. Qhia koj qhov kev xav hauv lub suab thiab lub hom phiaj
Tsis txhob sau ntawv uas hnyav dhau thiab thuam; qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ntau tus neeg nyeem. Ua kom pom koj txoj kev mob siab rau ua kev tshawb fawb ntxaws ntxaws thiab xa cov lus pom zoo.
Thaum cov kab lus "Nov yog cov ntawv sau khib nyiab uas yog kev thuam rau txhua tus keeb kwm" yuav ua rau tib neeg mloog zoo, kab lus "Kab lus no tsis ua tau raws cov qauv kev kawm hauv keeb kwm kev kawm" feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus nyeem ntawv
Kauj Ruam 5. Xaus koj qhov kev thuam los ntawm kev suav tag nrho koj cov kev xav thiab muab tswv yim
Ntxiv nrog rau kev suav koj cov kev xav thaum kawg, koj kuj yuav tsum qhia rau txhua tus neeg nyeem qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj qhov kev thuam rau kev tshawb fawb txog txuj ci tam sim no.
- Puas muaj qhov cuam tshuam deb rau kev tshawb fawb hauv kev sib tham, lossis puas yog koj qhov kev thuam tsuas yog rov hais dua lwm tus kws tshaj lij txoj haujlwm tsis meej pem?
- Sau kab lus kawg uas ua rau lub cim sib sib zog nqus ntawm koj cov neeg nyeem los ntawm kev siv cov kab lus siab uas qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj qhov kev sau: "Nyuaj nyuaj rau kev xav ntawm tus kws paub zoo li no tsis yooj yim lossis lom zem, tab sis nws yog ib yam peb yuav tsum ua rau peb tiam thiab rau yav tom ntej."
Ceeb toom
- Tsis txhob thuam cov qauv uas suav nrog cov lus xws li "Kuv nyiam cov ntawv no" lossis "Cov ntawv no tsis zoo." Nyob twj ywm ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sau ntawv.
- Tsis txhob sau cov ntsiab lus rau ib qho laj thawj. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua qhov kev thuam luv dua li sau ib nplooj ntawv dawb nrog cov ntsiab lus tsis txaus ntseeg.
Lub tswv yim
- Sau kev thuam los ntawm tus neeg thib peb qhov kev pom, tshwj tsis yog kev sau ntawv xav tau lwm yam. Ib txwm nyeem cov lus qhia ua ntej pib sau.
- Sau siab thiab txiav txim siab.
- Ib txwm rov nyeem koj cov ntawv tsawg kawg ob zaug ua ntej xa nws mus rau koj tus xibfwb, tus saib xyuas, lossis xa nws mus rau tus tshaj tawm.
- Yog tias koj nyiam sau kab lus, saib rau kev sau cov haujlwm uas tau nthuav dav hauv is taws nem, kom koj txoj haujlwm nyiam ua kom tau nyiaj tib lub sijhawm. Ib ntawm cov vev xaib uas nrhiav cov neeg sau tsab ntawv yog Contentesia.
