Txhim kho cov vuas tuaj yeem yog txheej txheem nyuaj thiab siv zog. Hom phiaj xwm no yuav xav tau kev npaj tswv yim zoo thiab kev npaj ua ntej kev teeb tsa pobzeb tiag. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom siv cov txheej txheem raug hauv kev txhim kho cov vuas tshiab tshiab lossis hloov cov vuas puas. Kab lus no yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas rau nruab vuas.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Npaj Txoj Haujlwm
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav txim siab seb hom vuas luaj twg koj xav tau
Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nplais zoo los xaiv los ntawm, thiab koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas cov pobzeb zoo uas haum rau huab cua uas lub tsev nyob. Qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb koj puas xav tau cov vuas av nplaum lossis cov vuas pob zeb (ntau qib raws li qhov xwm txheej huab cua muaj rau ob qho tib si). Ob hom vuas luaj sib txawv hauv ntau txoj hauv kev, thiab yog li kev xaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb.
- Cov vuas vov tsev tau suav tias yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov tshaj plaws muaj, qhov tseeb lawv nyob ntev dua li cov vuas pob zeb. Thaum cov vuas pob zeb feem ntau xav tias yuav kav ntev li 30-50 xyoo, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo ua kom cov av nplaum ua kom zoo tuaj yeem xav tias yuav kav ntev txog 100 xyoo.
- Thaum ruaj khov, cov nplais av nplaum tuaj yeem kim dua (thiab tsis muaj qhov zoo li qhov kev xaiv pheej yig). Ib qho kwv yees qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus nqi sib txawv: kev txhim kho pobzeb pobzeb ntawm lub tsev ncaj ncees nrog lub ru tsev thaj tsam ntawm 1500 square feet (139.35 square metres) hauv Tebchaws Meskas tuaj yeem raug nqi ntawm US $ 6,000 thiab US $ 15,000 (ntawm ± Rp. 81,000,000 thiab Rp. 135). 000000, kev xam tau ua tiav piv txwv tias tus nqi tam sim no ntawm US $ 1 yog Rp13500); thaum siv cov av nplaum hauv tib lub tsev tuaj yeem raug nqi ntawm US $ 10,500 thiab US $ 45,000 (nruab nrab ntawm 14 141,750,000 thiab Rp607,500,000).
- Thaum kawg, cov xim ntawm cov pob zeb ua pob zeb yog qhov ua rau ploj mus ntau lub sijhawm dua li cov nplais pob zeb. Rau ib lub ru tsev uas koj yuav muaj rau ntau caum xyoo, xim yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb los xav txog.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov hnyav
Ntawm nws qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, lub hauv paus asphalt (tej zaum cov khoom siv feem ntau vov tsev hauv Asmeskas) feem ntau yuav hnyav dua 3 phaus (± 1.4 kg) ib square foot (0.09 square metres) ntawm lub ru tsev. Cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, uas feem ntau yog sib zog dua li cov vuas luaj av, tuaj yeem tso tau yooj yim ntawm 10 phaus (± 4.5 kg) ib square foot (± 0.09 square metres) ntawm lub ru tsev. Yog tias koj ntxiv cov vuas vov rau lub ru tsev uas tsis tau siv cov vuas yav dhau los, lossis ntxiv rau cov qauv tsim uas tsis suav nrog cov vuas, lub ru tsev yuav tsis tuaj yeem pab txhawb qhov hnyav no. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas lub ru tsev thiab muaj peev xwm ntxiv dag zog nws kom nws muaj peev xwm nqa tau lub nra.
Kauj Ruam 3. Sau cov npe khoom thiab cov cuab yeej xav tau
Thaum qee qhov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej no feem ntau siv-piv txwv li, nws tau pom zoo tias koj muaj cov ntaiv ntawm tes-lwm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb rau txoj haujlwm thiab tej zaum yuav tsis muaj hauv koj cov khoom muag. Piv txwv li:
- Cov ntsia hlau ntsia hlau yog hom ntsia hlau nrog lub hau yas sab hauv uas yuav pab kaw cov ntsia hlau qhov thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob xau.
- Txheej tiv thaiv hauv qab lub ru tsev (underlay lossis underlayment). Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv hauv qab lub ru tsev no yog txheej txheej tsis muaj dej nruab nrab ntawm cov pobzeb ru tsev thiab lub ru tsev thiab cov vov tsev lossis cov vaj huam sib luag (sheathing). Muaj ntau yam txheej txheej npog, tab sis vim qhov no yog lub ru tsev uas txhais tau tias yuav kav ntev li 30 txog 100 xyoo, nqis peev hauv ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv nyuaj yuav yog lub tswv yim zoo.
- Putty los yog sab nraum zoov foob. Muaj ntau tus caulks lossis cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj muaj rau siv sab nraum zoov, tab sis ntxiv, nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom zoo tias koj siv cov khoom lag luam zoo, ruaj khov. Lub ru tsev no tuaj yeem kav ib sim neej, tab sis yuav tsis kav ntev yog tias cov khoom siv tsis ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm raws li lub ru tsev.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua kwv yees rau cov khoom siv
Qhov pib tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub ru tsev. Koj tuaj yeem siv qhov txuas hauv qab no: lub laij lej los pab txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm lub ru tsev (tsis txhob siv lub luag haujlwm hu ua "Tile Calculator", uas yog qhov tseeb txhais rau cov vuas pem teb sab hauv).
Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm hom vuas xaiv, nws tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees tus lej ntawm cov vuas yuav tsum ua kom tiav txoj haujlwm no. Ib lub ru tsev 100 sq ft (± 9.3 sq m) tuaj yeem xav tau ntawm 75 thiab 400 vuas
Kauj Ruam 5. Npaj sijhawm tshwj xeeb
Yog tias koj yuav hloov lub ru tsev ntawm koj lub tsev tam sim no, koj yuav tsum xav txog huab cua thiab lub sijhawm muaj los ua kom tiav txoj haujlwm no. Thaum nws pom tseeb tias koj tsis xav txo koj lub ru tsev thaum lub caij ntuj no, koj yuav tsum tau saib rau hnub qhuav. Txheeb xyuas cov ntawv ceeb toom huab cua mus sij hawm ntev (nrog kev nkag siab tias huab cua huab cua tsis hloov pauv). Tsis tas li, nco ntsoov tias koj muaj cov neeg txaus txaus los ua kom tiav txoj haujlwm no raws sijhawm. Txoj haujlwm no tsis yog haujlwm ib leeg, thiab yog li koj yuav tsum npaj rau nws.
Kauj Ruam 6. Yuav cov khoom siv thiab cuab yeej tsim nyog
Thaum koj tab tom nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv xav tau, sab laj nrog tus kws muag khoom kho vajtse uas tej zaum yuav muaj cov khoom paub tshwj xeeb. Yog tias tus neeg siv khoom tau ua ntawv tsis txaus siab txog cov khoom lag luam tsis zoo, tus neeg muag khoom hauv khw yuav paub txog nws.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Pib Txoj Haujlwm
Kauj Ruam 1. Tshem lub ru tsev qub (yog ua tau)
Ntawm nws tus kheej, qhov no yog kev ua haujlwm loj uas tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau hnub thiab xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Npaj rau lub sijhawm thiab ua qhov no raug.
Kauj Ruam 2. Kho thiab txhim kho lub ru tsev (yog ua tau)
Koj yuav tsum xub ua kom lub ru tsev ruaj khov ua ntej yuav txo lub ru tsev uas twb muaj lawm. Ntawd yog, cov laug cam lossis cov vov tsev (sheathing)-txheej ntoo lossis lwm yam khoom siv uas npog thaj tsam ntawm tus ncej uas raug thiab txheej sab nrauv ntawm lub ru tsev-uas tej zaum yuav puas lossis tsis muaj zog. Ntxiv dag zog rau thaj chaw no.
Ib zaug ntxiv, xav txog qhov hnyav xav tau. Ib qho thiab tsim nyog tus nqi shingle ru, uas ntau tus neeg siv, yog lub teeb heev; Yog tias koj hloov los ntawm lub ru tsev hnyav mus rau lub ru tsev pobzeb, qhov sib txawv hauv qhov hnyav yuav loj heev. Rau ib lub tsev uas muaj qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab nrog lub ru tsev ntsuas 1,500 square feet (± 139.35 square metres), tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm cov hauv qab thiab cov vuas vov yuav yog kwv yees li 8 tons. Tus nqi no ntau dua li qhov sib npaug ntawm ob lub tsheb loj SUV nres ntawm koj lub tsev
Kauj Ruam 3. Nruab qhov underlayment
- Muab thawj lub yob ntawm txheej tiv thaiv lub ru tsev qis rau ntawm ib sab ntawm lub ru tsev, nyob ib puag ncig mus rau hauv qab ntug (txheej) ntawm lub ru tsev. Thaum koj hle daim ntawv npog, khaws lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom siv sib luag rau ntawm ntug kev txiav tab sis saum toj ntawm ntug ntawm cov hlau lossis cov khoom siv hluavtaws uas tuaj yeem npog cov ciam teb.
- Ceev cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm lub ru tsev qis. Unroll ± 3 m ntev, thiab tom qab ntawd ntsia nws nrog 24 nti (± 61 cm) qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsia hlau. Khaws txhua tus ntsia hlau tsawg kawg 2 ntiv tes (± 5 cm) los ntawm ntug ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Thaum koj mus txog qhov kawg ntawm lub ru tsev, txiav cov yob ntawm cov ntawv npog kom haum rau cov npoo. Ruaj ntseg qhov kawg ntawm cov yob no nrog cov ntsia hlau.
- Pib dua qhov kawg ntawm lub ru tsev uas koj pib ua ntej. Sib tshooj txheej tiv thaiv lub ru tsev qis nrog txheej tshiab uas ib nrab npog cov txheej uas twb tau teeb tsa. Tej zaum yuav muaj kab ntawm kab raws qhov yob ntawm lub tsho hauv qab, thiab cov no yog lub ntsiab lus los qhia meej rau tus neeg teeb tsa ntau npaum li cas cov txheej txheem yuav tsum sib tshooj. Kho cov kab saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm txheej txheej raws li koj tau ua ua ntej ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev txiav.
Kauj Ruam 4. Muab cov txheej tiv thaiv hauv qab ib puag ncig hitch
Cov khoom, xws li cov pa taws tawm los ntawm lub ru tsev, yuav tsum raug kaw ib yam nkaus. Cov nplaim hlau (cov hlau tiv taus huab cua txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau cov pob qij txha thiab cov ces kaum) yuav tsum tau siv nyob ib puag ncig lub chimney, thiab cov hlau yuav tsum tau muab ntim nrog siv cov tshuaj txhuam los yog lwm yam ntim rau tsim tshwj xeeb rau siv sab nraum zoov. Cov ris tsho hauv qab yuav tsum tau txiav kom haum ib puag ncig qhov teeb meem no, thiab tom qab ntawd txheej txheej ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv (xws li cov khoom seem ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab) yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv thaj chaw uas cov hlau tau ntsais thiab lub ru tsev thaiv thiab ntsaws rau hauv qhov chaw.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Txhim Kho Cov Vuas
Kauj Ruam 1. Nruab cov battens (yog tias ua tau)
Yog tias lub ru tsev muaj qhov nqes hav, tej zaum yuav tsum tau siv cov pob zeb los tuav cov nplais. Ib lub dab tshos yog cov khoom siv me me (feem ntau yog ntoo, tab sis qee zaum yog hlau lossis yas, thiab feem ntau yog 1 ntiv tes (± 2.5 cm) tuab thiab 2 ntiv tes (± 5 cm) dav uas nthuav dav ntev ntawm lub ru tsev. Cov pobzeb ru tsev muaj daim di ncauj lossis cov nqes uas yuav dai cov phab ntsa muaj. Pom tseeb ib qho ntxiv uas yuav tau xav txog thaum txheeb xyuas cov pobzeb uas haum rau koj xav tau.
- Siv ob lub vuas los txiav txim siab qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom sib sib zog nqus. Yam tsawg kawg ntawm 3 ntiv tes (± 7.5 cm) ntawm kev sib tshooj yuav tsum tau rau cov vuas tsis sib cuam tshuam (cov vuas sib tshooj yuav sawv cev tam sim ntsuas rau koj), thiab yuav tsum tso me me rau ntawm qhov txiav. Ua qhov no rau hauv tus account thaum koj txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm cov sib ntaus sib tua.
- Thaum koj tau txiav txim siab qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm thawj ob lub dav hlau, ntsuas qhov nrug thiab kho lub dav hlau siv qhov kev deb ntawd txhua txoj hauv kev, ua kom ntseeg tau ob zaug xyuas qhov loj me thaum koj ua qhov no.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nruab vuas
Pib nrog ib sab ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd txav mus kom deb li qhov ntev ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Yog tias koj tsis tau teeb tsa lub laj kab, koj tuaj yeem ntsia cov vuas ncaj qha mus rau cov laug cam lossis lub ru tsev.
- Yog tias koj tau teeb tsa lub chaw tua hluav taws ua ntej, koj yuav tau ntsia cov vuas luaj rau hauv cov chaw. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv tus nplaig txhawm rau txuas cov vuas luaj rau lub chaw ntaus rog.
- Yog tias koj siv cov phab ntsa uas cuam tshuam nruj, koj yuav tsis xav tau txhuam cov vuas luaj rau cov laug cam lossis cov vaj huam sib luag los yog cov phab ntsa; Nyeem cov lus qhia nrog ua tib zoo piav qhia ntxaws.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav cov vuas kom haum rau cov ntsiab lus nqaim
Cov teeb meem, xws li chim chim, yuav tiv thaiv kev teeb tsa pobzeb, thiab cov pobzeb yuav tsum tau txiav kom haum kom nruj nyob ib ncig ntawm cov cheeb tsam no. Ib qho ntxiv, ntawm qhov kawg ntawm txhua kab tsis meej yuav luag yuav tsum tau txiav..
Kauj Ruam 4. Txhim kho cov vuas phom
Thaum koj tau ua tiav "lub dav hlau"-uas yog, qhov dav ntawm lub ru tsev-koj yuav tsum tau npog sab saum toj nrog cov vuas phom. Cov vuas phom no tau muab sib npaug, thiab nyob ntawm qhov tsim, cov vuas phom tuaj yeem ua qauv zoo kawg kom kawg lossis nyob rau hauv cov style sib tshooj. Qhov no yuav tsum yog theem kawg hauv txheej txheem txheej txheem pobzeb. Nrog koj zoo siab rau kev sib dhos ua tiav ntawm koj lub pobzeb ru tsev tshiab!
Ceeb toom
- Cov vuas vov muaj cov crystalline silica, uas yog ib yam khoom uas paub tias ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. Txiav los yog sib tsoo cov vuas tuaj yeem ua rau nqus cov hmoov av silica. Hnav cov cuab yeej nyab xeeb tsim nyog txhua lub sijhawm.
- Siv tus ntaiv lossis tus thav duab uas tau ntsuas rau koj qhov hnyav. Siv cov cuab yeej uas tsis ntsuas rau koj qhov hnyav yuav ua rau raug mob lossis tuag. Yog tias koj tsis paub lub zog tseeb ntawm koj tus ntaiv lossis scaffolding, tsis txhob siv nws.
- Yog tias koj pom muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis koj tsis paub xyov yuav ua li cas rau nruab ib feem ntawm lub ru tsev, nres thiab hu xov tooj mus rau tus kws tshaj lij kev txhim kho lub ru tsev.
