Lupus yog kab mob autoimmune uas cuam tshuam kwv yees li 1.5 lab tus neeg Asmeskas. Tus kab mob feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub cev, xws li lub hlwb, tawv nqaij, ob lub raum, thiab pob qij txha. Cov tsos mob feem ntau zoo li cov cim ntawm lwm tus kab mob thiab tuaj yeem nyuaj rau kuaj mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom kawm paub cov tsos mob thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev kuaj mob lupus kom peb tuaj yeem npaj tau. Qhov ua rau tseem yuav tsum tau paub kom peb tuaj yeem zam qhov tshwm sim.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Paub Lupus Cov tsos mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Tshaj tawm yog tias muaj npauj npaim ua pob rau ntawm lub ntsej muag
Qhov nruab nrab, 30% ntawm cov neeg mob lupus qhia pom tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsej muag, tus qauv zoo ib yam li npauj npaim. Cov pob tawm ntawm ib sab plhu mus rau lwm qhov hla lub qhov ntswg, feem ntau npog tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm lub puab tsaig thiab qee zaum rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob ze ntawm lub qhov muag.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, xyuas seb puas muaj pob khaus ntawm lub ntsej muag, tawv taub hau, thiab caj dab. Cov pob no yog thaj ua rau thaj liab thiab tshwm tuaj, qee zaum hnyav heev uas lawv tawm qhov nti txawm tias tom qab kho tas lawm.
- Saib xyuas rau qhov ua pob ua rau tshwm sim los yog ua rau lub hnub tsis zoo. Kev nkag siab rau lub teeb ci ultraviolet, ob qho tib si ntuj thiab khoom cuav, tuaj yeem ua rau khawb ntawm qhov pom ntawm lub hnub ntawm lub cev, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau npauj npaim ua pob rau ntawm lub ntsej muag. Cov pob khaus no hnyav dua thiab tshwm sim sai dua li qhov kub hnyiab.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib xyuas qhov txhab ntawm qhov ncauj lossis qhov ntswg
Yog tias koj feem ntau pom mob ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj, ntawm ob sab ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj, ntawm koj cov pos hniav, lossis sab hauv koj lub qhov ntswg, uas tuaj yeem yog qhov cim qhia ceeb toom. Feem ntau, qhov txhab tsis yog qhov txhab zoo ib yam. Feem ntau, mob qhov ncauj thiab qhov ntswg cuam tshuam nrog lupus tsis mob.
Yog tias lub qhov txhab ua rau lub hnub tsis zoo, qhov ua xyem xyav ntawm lupus tau muaj zog dua. Qhov no hu ua photosensitivity
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib cov tsos mob ntawm qhov mob o
Kev mob ntawm cov pob qij txha, lub ntsws, thiab kab ib ncig ntawm lub plawv feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob lupus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlab ntshav kuj tseem kub hnyiab. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, koj yuav pom qhov mob thiab o o nyob ib ncig ntawm txhais taw, txhais ceg, txhais tes, thiab qhov muag.
- Yog tias qhov sib koom ua ke, nws hnov sov thiab mob, zoo li o thiab liab.
- Kev mob plawv thiab lub ntsws tuaj yeem kuaj pom ntawm nws tus kheej raws qhov mob hauv siab. Yog tias koj hnov mob hnyav hauv koj lub hauv siab thaum koj hnoos lossis nqus pa tob tob, nws yuav yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob lupus. Ib yam nkaus yog tias koj xav tias ua tsis taus pa nyob rau lub sijhawm no.
- Lwm cov cim qhia ntawm mob plawv thiab ntsws yog qhov txawv txav hauv lub plawv thiab hnoos ntshav.
- Kev ua xua kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv txoj hnyuv thiab tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov tsos mob xws li mob plab, xeev siab, thiab ntuav.
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib cov zis
Txawm hais tias cov zis txawv txav nyuaj rau pom ntawm lawv tus kheej, muaj qee qhov tsos mob uas pom tau. Yog tias ob lub raum lim dej tsis tau vim yog lupus, ob txhais ceg yuav o tuaj. Qhov phem tshaj, yog lub raum tsis ua haujlwm pib, koj yuav hnov xeev siab lossis tsis muaj zog.
Kauj Ruam 5. Saib rau teeb meem nrog lub hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb
Lupus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qab haus huv. Qee cov tsos mob xws li kev ntxhov siab, mob taub hau, thiab teeb meem pom kev yog cov cim tshwm sim thiab nyuaj rau taw qhia tias yog lupus. Txawm li cas los xij, qaug dab peg thiab hloov pauv tus kheej yog cov tsos mob uas yuav tsum tau ua tiag.
Nco ntsoov tias txawm hais tias mob taub hau feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob lupus, nws nyuaj rau taw qhia lawv ua qhov cim qhia tseeb. Mob taub hau yog cov tsos mob tshwm sim thiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam
Kauj Ruam 6. Xav tias koj nkees ntau dua li ib txwm muaj
Kev qaug zog heev kuj yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob lupus. Muaj ntau yam xwm txheej uas ua rau qaug zog, tab sis feem ntau cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lupus. Yog tias qaug zog nrog ua npaws, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias nws yog lupus.
Kauj Ruam 7. Pom lwm qhov txawv hauv lub cev
Saib seb koj cov ntiv tes lossis ntiv taw puas hloov xim (dawb lossis xiav) thaum txias. Qhov no hu ua Raynaud qhov tshwm sim, thiab muaj ntau nyob hauv cov neeg mob lupus. Koj kuj tseem yuav pom qhov muag qhuav thiab ua tsis taus pa. Yog tias tag nrho cov tsos mob no tuaj ua ke, koj yuav muaj tus mob lupus.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Lupus
Kauj Ruam 1. Npaj mus ntsib kws kho mob
Koj tuaj yeem pom tus kws kho mob, tab sis koj tuaj yeem raug xa mus rau tus kws kho mob rheumatologist uas tuaj yeem ua qhov kev kuaj pom tseeb thiab pab tswj cov tsos mob nrog tshuaj lupus tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau qhov kev kuaj mob kho mob yuav pib los ntawm kws kho mob dav dav.
- Ua ntej mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob, sau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog thaum cov tsos mob pib thiab lawv zaus. Tsis tas li, khaws cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tshuaj thiab tshuaj ntxiv uas koj tab tom noj thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau.
- Yog tias koj niam koj txiv lossis cov nus muag tau muaj lupus lossis lwm tus kab mob autoimmune, koj yuav tsum tau muab cov ntaub ntawv no. Tus neeg mob thiab tsev neeg keeb kwm yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los kuaj mob lupus.
Kauj Ruam 2. Npaj rau kev sim tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antinuclear (ANA)
ANAs yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev, thiab pom nyob hauv cov neeg feem coob uas muaj mob lupus. Qhov kev xeem no feem ntau yog siv ua thawj qhov kev sim, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus uas tau txais qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ANA muaj lupus. Yuav tsum xeem ntxiv kom paub tseeb.
Piv txwv li, qhov ntsuas ANA zoo tuaj yeem qhia pom scleroderma, Sjögren's syndrome, thiab lwm yam kab mob autoimmune
Kauj Ruam 3. Tau kuaj ntshav tas
Kev kuaj ntshav suav tus lej ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, cov qe ntshav liab, thiab hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav. Qee qhov txawv txav tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim ntawm lupus. Piv txwv li, qhov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem qhia txog ntshav tsis txaus, uas yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm lupus.
Nco ntsoov tias qhov kev sim no ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem kuaj mob lupus. Ntau lwm yam mob kuj ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav zoo ib yam
Kauj Ruam 4. Npaj kom tau kuaj ntshav rau qhov mob o
Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua qee qhov kev kuaj mob uas pom tias muaj mob hnyav, txawm hais tias tsis ua pov thawj lupus. Muaj qhov kev sim ntsuas ntsuas erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Qhov kev ntsuas no ntsuas sai npaum li cas cov qe ntshav liab poob rau hauv qab ntawm lub raj hauv ib teev. Kev kub ceev qhia txog lupus. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem yog cov tsos mob ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab kis kab mob yog li qhov kev sim no tseem tsis tau meej.
Lwm qhov kev sim uas tseem tsis tau hais tshwj xeeb rau tus mob lupus, tab sis tuaj yeem kuaj qhov mob yog C-reactive protein (CRP) kuaj. Cov protein ntau hauv lub siab no tuaj yeem qhia qhov mob, tab sis muaj ntau yam xwm txheej uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws
Kauj Ruam 5. Tshawb nrhiav lwm yam kev kuaj ntshav
Vim tias tsis muaj kev kuaj ntshav tshwj xeeb rau lupus, cov kws kho mob feem ntau ua ntau yam kev kuaj ntshav txhawm rau txo qis qhov kev kuaj mob. Feem ntau, muaj tsawg kawg yog plaub yam tsos mob uas sib haum rau kaum ib cov tsos mob uas kws kho mob nrhiav. Lwm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas uas tus kws kho mob tseem yuav xaj yog:
- Phospholipid antibody test (APL). Kev ntsuas APL saib rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau phospholipids, thiab zoo li pom hauv 30% ntawm cov neeg mob lupus.
- Sm antibody test. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tawm tsam Sm protein hauv cov cell nucleus, thiab pom nyob hauv kwv yees li 30-40% ntawm cov neeg mob lupus. Dab tsi ntxiv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsis tshua pom muaj nyob hauv cov neeg uas tsis muaj lupus, yog li qhov txiaj ntsig zoo yuav luag ib txwm lav qhov kev kuaj mob lupus.
- Kev tiv thaiv dsDNA. Anti-dsDNA yog cov protein uas tawm tsam ob txoj kab DNA. Kwv yees li 50% ntawm cov neeg mob lupus muaj cov protein no hauv lawv cov ntshav. Cov protein no tsis tshua muaj neeg nyob tsis muaj lupus, yog li qhov txiaj ntsig zoo yuav luag ib txwm lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm lupus.
- Kev ntsuam xyuas Anti-Ro (SS-A) thiab Anti-La (SS-B). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tiv thaiv RNA cov protein hauv cov ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov protein no feem ntau pom hauv cov neeg mob Sjögren's syndrome.
Kauj Ruam 6. Kuaj cov zis
Kev kuaj zis tso zis saib xyuas ob lub raum, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub raum tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim ntawm lupus. Tej zaum koj yuav raug nug kom muab cov zis tso zis kom koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua qhov ntsuas zis. Qhov kev ntsuas no tshuaj xyuas cov zis los yog muaj cov qe ntshav liab nyob hauv.
Kauj Ruam 7. Nug txog kev ntsuas duab
Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem xaj ntsuas duab yog tias lawv xav tias koj muaj lupus uas cuam tshuam rau koj lub ntsws lossis lub plawv. X-ray ntawm lub hauv siab tau siv los tshuaj xyuas lub ntsws. Rau lub plawv, qhov kev sim siv yog echocardiogram.
- Xoo hluav taws xob tuaj yeem pom duab ntxoov ntxoo hauv lub ntsws, qhia txog thaj tsam ntawm cov kua los yog qhov mob.
- Ib qho echocardiogram siv lub suab tsis zoo los ntsuas lub plawv dhia thiab txheeb xyuas teeb meem hauv plawv.
Kauj Ruam 8. Nug txog kev kuaj nqaij
Yog tias cov kws kho mob xav tias lupus tau ua rau lub raum puas lawm, lawv tuaj yeem ua lub raum kuaj lub raum. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kuaj nqaij yog kom tau txais ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas lub raum raws li qhov hnyav thiab hom kev puas tsuaj. Kev kuaj lub cev tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau tus mob lupus.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Nkag Siab Lupus
Kauj Ruam 1. Kawm txhua yam txog lupus
Lupus yog kab mob autoimmune, lub ntsiab lus nws ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob noj qab nyob zoo ntawm lub cev. Ib zaug ntxiv, tus kab mob no feem ntau cuam tshuam rau lub cev, xws li lub hlwb, tawv nqaij, ob lub raum, thiab pob qij txha. Nws yog kab mob ntev, uas txhais tau tias ntev. Lupus ua rau mob vim tias lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob noj qab nyob zoo.
Tsis muaj tshuaj kho tus mob lupus, tab sis kev kho kom zoo tuaj yeem txo cov tsos mob
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm hom mob lupus
Thaum tib neeg hais txog lupus, lawv feem ntau txhais tau tias yog mob lupus erythematosus (SLE). Hom kab mob lupus no cuam tshuam rau tawv nqaij thiab kabmob, tshwj xeeb yog ob lub raum, lub ntsws, thiab lub plawv. Muaj lwm hom kab mob lupus, tawv nqaij lupus erythematosus thiab cov tshuaj lupus uas ua rau mob.
- Cov tawv nqaij lupus erythematosus tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tsis hem lwm yam kabmob hauv lub cev. Tus mob no tsis tshua zoo mus rau SLE.
- Kev siv tshuaj lupus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab sab hauv nruab nrog cev, tab sis tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv qee yam tshuaj. Feem ntau, hom mob lupus no ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej thaum cov tshuaj tsis nyob hauv tus neeg mob lub cev lawm. Cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog hom mob lupus no me me heev.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau
Txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau cov kws kho mob kom nkag siab txog lupus, lawv tau tswj hwm los txheeb xyuas nws cov yam ntxwv. Lupus yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov noob thiab ib puag ncig. Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias koj muaj kev mob caj ces rau tus mob lupus, ib puag ncig ib puag ncig yuav ua rau muaj tus kabmob.
- Qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim rau lupus yog tshuaj noj, kis kab mob, lossis raug tshav ntuj.
- Lupus tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm tshuaj sulfa, uas ua rau koj nkag siab ntau dua rau tshav ntuj, penicillin, lossis tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Cov mob hauv lub cev uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob lupus yog kis mob, mob khaub thuas, kab mob, qaug zog, raug mob, lossis muaj kev ntxhov siab.
- Lub hnub lub ultraviolet rays tuaj yeem ua rau lupus. Ultraviolet lub teeb los ntawm cov teeb roj fluorescent muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam.
