Txawm hais tias biology yog qhov yuav tsum kawm, koj tseem tuaj yeem kawm nws yooj yim thiab lom zem. Thaum koj tau kawm tiav cov ntsiab lus yooj yim ntawm biology, koj yuav nkag siab ntau lwm lub tswv yim zoo. Kawm cov lus ntsig txog biology thiab tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv hauv chav kawm yuav pab koj nkag siab txog biology, thiab npaj koj rau kev xeem.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Kawm Cov Khoom
Kauj Ruam 1. Xav zoo
Txawm hais tias biology yog cov ncauj lus nyuaj, thaum koj nkag mus rau lub siab ntawm cov ncauj lus no, koj yuav pom nws nthuav heev. Los ntawm kev xav zoo, koj yuav tuaj yeem kawm txog biology yooj yim dua. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom tawm tsam, yog tias koj xav paub txog biology, koj yuav tsis hnov ntxhov siab.
- Xav txog seb koj lub cev ua haujlwm li cas. Cov nqaij hauv lub cev txav li cas? Lub hlwb ua haujlwm li cas nrog cov leeg? Lub cev yog qhov nyuaj, thiab thoob plaws koj lub neej, txhua lub cell hauv koj lub cev yuav ua haujlwm ua ke.
- Biology yuav tham txog txhua tus txheej txheem uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev, nrog rau koj lub cev ua haujlwm li cas. Tsis yog qhov nthuav?
Kauj Ruam 2. Daws cov lus nyuaj rau hauv paus
Koj yuav pom nws nyuaj nyeem lossis nkag siab qee cov ntsiab lus hais txog biology. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog, txiav txim siab tias feem ntau ntawm cov lus hauv biology tau muab los ntawm Latin. Txawm li cas los xij, nco ntsoov tias cov lus feem ntau muaj cov ntawv ua ntej lossis ntawv txuas ntxiv. Kev nkag siab cov lus ua ntej thiab cov ntawv txuas uas siv hauv ib lo lus yuav pab koj nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus.
- Piv txwv, "piam thaj" muaj ob ntu, "qab zib" (qab zib) thiab "ose" (qab zib). Yog li, koj tuaj yeem xaus tias maltose, sucrose, thiab lactose kuj yog ib feem ntawm qab zib.
- Lo lus "endoplasmic reticulum" yuav hnov suab txaus ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj paub tias "endo" txhais tau tias "sab hauv", "plasmic" txhais tau tias "cytoplasm", thiab "reti" txhais tau tias "net", koj yuav nkag siab tias "endoplasmic reticulum" txhais tau tias "cov qauv zoo li uas muaj nyob hauv cytoplasm. "Cov.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua daim npav nco nrog cov lus nyuaj
Daim npav nco yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los kawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus hauv biology. Nqa daim npav nco, thiab nyeem daim npav hauv koj lub sijhawm uas tsis khoom. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem cim nws hauv tsheb, lossis ntawm tsheb npav tuaj tos. Txawm li cas los xij, daim npav nco yuav pab tau yog tias koj tau nyeem lawv tiag tiag.
- Thaum pib tshooj tshiab, kos cov lus nyuaj, thiab ua daim npav nco nrog lawv.
- Kawm cov lus nrog kev pab ntawm daim npav nco. Txoj kev ntawd, koj tuaj yeem ntsib kev xeem nrog kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb.
Kauj Ruam 4. Kos daim duab, thiab kos qhov tseem ceeb
Txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem kev lom neeg, tsis txhob nco txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm phau ntawv, yuav ua rau koj yooj yim dua rau kev paub cov ntsiab lus. Thaum koj nkag siab lub tswv yim tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem kos tag nrho cov txheej txheem thiab kos cim qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem. Ntxiv rau kev ua koj tus kheej daim duab, tsis txhob hnov qab kawm cov duab kos hauv phau ntawv khoom. Nyeem cov lus piav qhia ntawm txhua daim duab, nkag siab siv daim duab, thiab txheeb cov duab rau lub tswv yim uas koj tab tom kawm.
- Feem ntau, koj yuav pib kawm txog biology los ntawm tshooj cell. Tshooj lus no tham txog cov ntu thiab cov kabmob uas ua lub cell. Muaj peev xwm kos lub cev ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes thiab cim nws qhov chaw yuav pab koj tiag tiag cov khoom siv.
- Cov duab kos kuj tseem yuav ua rau koj yooj yim dua rau kev tswj hwm lub voj voog ntawm tes, xws li ATP kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab lub voj voog Krebs. Kawm paub kos daim duab, thiab xyaum ua thaum qhov kev xeem tuaj txog.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nyeem phau ntawv ua ntej mus rau chav kawm
Biology tsis yog cov ncauj lus uas tuaj yeem kawm tau nyob rau lub sijhawm luv. Nyeem cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej nws tau tham hauv chav kawm yuav pab koj kwv yees cov ntsiab lus uas yuav kawm. Cov phau ntawv nyeem yuav qhia cov ntsiab lus hauv tshooj, thiab koj tuaj yeem nug cov lus nug txog cov ntsiab lus uas koj tau nyeem.
- Nyeem cov ntawv kawm kom paub cov tshooj twg los nyeem ua ntej pib kawm.
- Sau cov ntawv hais txog cov khoom, thiab npaj cov lus nug los nug hauv chav kawm.
Kauj Ruam 6. Nkag siab lub tswv yim hauv txoj kev teeb tsa, pib los ntawm lub tswv yim dav dav
Ua ntej koj tuaj yeem paub cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb, koj yuav tsum xub xub paub cov ntsiab lus dav dav. Yog li ntawd, ntxiv dag zog rau koj nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ua ntej sim tshawb cov ntsiab lus kom ntxaws.
- Piv txwv li, ua ntej kawm nyeem DNA thiab txhais nws li cas rau hauv cov protein, nkag siab tias cov protein tsim los ntawm DNA cov phiaj xwm.
- Nyeem cov qauv ntawm cov khoom yuav pab koj npaj koj cov ntawv, los ntawm cov ntsiab lus dav dav mus rau cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Kawm Cov Khoom
Kauj Ruam 1. Teb cov lus nug tom kawg ntawm txhua tshooj
Cov phau ntawv kawm txog biology suav nrog cov lus nug ntsig txog khoom siv tom kawg ntawm tshooj lus. Cov lus nug no tuaj yeem pab koj ntxiv dag zog rau koj nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus uas tau kawm. Kos cov lus nug uas nyuaj rau teb, tom qab ntawv nyeem tshooj uas hais txog cov lus nug ntawd.
Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem tiag tiag los teb cov lus nug tshwj xeeb, tham nrog koj tus kws qhia lossis phooj ywg hauv chav kawm
Kauj Ruam 2. Nyeem cov ntawv tom qab tawm hauv chav kawm
Tsis txhob hnov qab qhov koj tau kawm sai li sai tau thaum koj tawm hauv chav kawm. Rov nyeem koj cov ntawv, ob yav tav su thiab yav tsaus ntuj, yuav pab koj rov ua qhov koj tau kawm. Thaum cim, nco ntsoov tias koj nkag siab cov khoom.
Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem nkag siab lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb lossis kev xav, rov nyeem cov ntaub ntawv. Lossis, yog tias koj tseem muaj teeb meem, nug tus xibfwb cov lus nug
Kauj Ruam 3. Teem sijhawm mus kawm biology
Rau feem ntau cov tub ntxhais kawm, biology yog qhov nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum teem sijhawm ntxiv kom nkag siab cov khoom siv. Yog tias koj kawm txog biology tsis tu ncua, hais txhua hmo lossis txhua 2-3 hnub, koj tsis tas yuav siv "kev sib tw hmo ntuj" thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas los txog.
Teem sijhawm rau kev kawm, thiab ua raws nws kom txog thaum koj tau siv nws. Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem kawm ib hnub, nco ntsoov tias koj tuaj txog hnub tom qab. Tsis txhob cia hnub ntawd lapse ua rau koj tso tseg koj tus cwj pwm nyuaj-yeej
Kauj Ruam 4. Siv tus choj nees
Tus nees luav tuaj yeem pab tau zoo heev thaum kawm txog biology. Piv txwv li, tsim tus choj luav kom nco qab qhov sib faib ntawm mitotic faib.
Cov kab lus zoo li "Pak Memet Muaj Peb Tus Menyuam" tuaj yeem pab koj nco "Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, thiab Telophase" yooj yim
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua ntej qhov kev xeem, ntsuas koj li txuj ci los ntawm kev teb cov lus nug qub yog tias ua tau
Yog tsis yog, kawm cov ntawv xeem thiab cov ntawv xeem uas koj tau ua los twv ua ntej cov lus nug uas yuav los ntawm qhov kev xeem.
Kev teb cov lus nug los ntawm kev xeem dhau los yuav pab koj nrhiav cov ncauj lus uas koj zoo ntawm, thiab qhov twg koj tseem yuav tsum tau kawm
Lub tswv yim
- Mus ntsib ntau qhov chaw hauv is taws nem los pab koj kawm.
- Saib lub ntiaj teb txoj haujlwm tam sim no rau qhov kev tshawb pom tshiab. Qhov no yuav ua rau koj txaus siab kawm biology.
- Saib cov xov xwm thiab nyeem ntawv xov xwm tshawb fawb/ntawv xov xwm yuav pab koj kawm txog biology. Txhua txhua hnub, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tau tsim hauv ntiaj teb (xws li kev nce qib hauv cloning). Cov lus nug txog kev siv tshuab tshiab yuav tshwm sim hauv qhov kev xeem.
