Nws yog 2 teev sawv ntxov thiab tag kis koj yuav tsum xa cov ntawv. Hmoov tsis koj tsis nkag siab tias daim ntawv yog dab tsi, tsawg dua sau nws. Tsis txhob txhawj, Wikihow nyob ntawm no los pab! Kev sau lossis ntawv yog sau uas rub tawm cov tswv yim thiab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ntau qhov chaw thiab ua rau nws sib koom ua ke. Kev sau nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm zom cov ntaub ntawv thiab teeb tsa nws kom zoo. Txawm hais tias lub peev xwm no tau qhia ntawm qib kawm theem siab thiab qib siab, nws tseem xav tau hauv kev lag luam thiab kev tshaj tawm ntiaj teb. Nyeem ntawv kom paub sau nws li cas.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 4: Txheeb Xyuas Lub Xeem
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab lub tswv yim ntawm daim ntawv
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sau ntawv yog ua kom muaj kev sib txuas muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm ntau yam kev sau/ntu ntawm kev ua haujlwm txhawm rau sib koom ua ke thiab txhawb lub tswv yim yooj yim ntawm cov ncauj lus uas koj xaiv. Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias koj tshawb fawb lub ncauj lus, koj yuav saib rau cov xov sib xws thiab tom qab ntawd teeb tsa lawv mus rau hauv ib qho kev pom zoo ntawm cov ncauj lus. Qee pawg ntawm cov ntawv yog raws li hauv qab no::
- Lub tswv yim pas dej: Qhov no yog hom ntawv uas muaj cov ncauj lus thesis muaj zog uas nthuav qhia tus neeg sau qhov kev xav. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem cuam tshuam tau teeb tsa los ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv ib qho laj thawj los ntxiv dag zog rau kev pom hauv txoj haujlwm xaiv. Hauv kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb, cov no raug xa mus rau "cov ntawv haujlwm".
- Kev tshuaj xyuas: Feem ntau sau raws li ntu qhib ntawm daim ntawv kev xav. Kev tshuaj xyuas yog ib qho kev sib tham ntawm yam uas tau tham txog ntawm lub ncauj lus, nrog rau kev tshuaj xyuas tseem ceeb ntawm cov peev txheej. Lub ntsiab lus thesis feem ntau yog suav txog qhov yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas ntxiv lossis tsis tau tham txog hauv qhov kev sib tham uas twb muaj lawm. Hom ntawv no muaj ntau nyob hauv social science thiab chav kho mob.
- Cov ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau/piav qhia: Hom kev sau ntawv no pab tus nyeem ntawv nkag siab lub ntsiab lus los ntawm kev faib cov ntsiab lus tseeb thiab nthuav tawm rau tus nyeem ntawv nkag siab. Daim ntawv no tsis xav tau qee qhov kev pom, thiab txawm hais tias nws muaj nqe lus thesis, nws tsis tas yuav tsum muaj zog. Qee cov ntawv lag luam muaj daim ntawv no, txawm hais tias feem ntau lawv khaws qhov kev xav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xaiv lub ntsiab lus tsim nyog rau daim ntawv
Lub ntsiab lus no yuav tsum dav txaus los kos rau ntau qhov chaw cuam tshuam, tab sis tsis nthuav dav mus rau tom qab suav sau ntau qhov peev txheej uas tsis zoo ib yam. Yog tias koj tuaj yeem xaiv lub ncauj lus, nyeem ua ntej los txiav txim seb koj xav sau txog dab tsi. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tab tom sau ib daim ntawv rau ib chav kawm, nws zoo li lub ntsiab lus twb tau hais tseg lossis koj yuav tau xaiv nws los ntawm cov npe.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev nthuav dav cov ntsiab lus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv nkag siab: tsis txhob sau txog qhov teeb meem dav ntawm kev sib tham hauv xov tooj cua, ua rau nws nqaim thiab tham txog qhov ua tau zoo sau cov lus luv muaj lus Askiv (lossis Indonesian, piv txwv)
Kauj Ruam 3. Xaiv thiab nyeem koj cov peev txheej kom zoo
Xaiv tsawg kawg peb qhov chaw rau cov ntawv no, thiab tej zaum ib lossis ob qhov ntxiv, nyob ntawm lub sijhawm koj yuav tsum tshawb fawb thiab nyeem nws. Nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hauv koj cov peev txheej uas cuam tshuam nrog qhov laj thawj rau kev sau ntawv (xijpeem koj qhov kev sib cav yog).
Kauj Ruam 4. Sau koj daim ntawv thesis
Tom qab nyeem cov ntaub ntawv lossis tshawb fawb, koj yuav tsum muab koj lub tswv yim lossis kev xav ntawm lub ncauj lus. Koj thesis yog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb hauv daim ntawv. Nws yuav tsum muaj lub ncauj lus thiab koj kev xav ntawm cov ncauj lus cuam tshuam. Hais nws ua kab lus tiav. Nyob ntawm seb hom twg ntawm koj daim ntawv, nqe lus thesis no tuaj yeem yog kab lus qhib lossis kab lus kawg ntawm thawj kab lus.
Piv txwv: Cov ntawv nyeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lus Askiv yog tias nws pab cov tub ntxhais hluas tsim lawv tus kheej cov lus
Kauj Ruam 5. Nyeem koj cov peev txheej rau yam uas txhawb nqa koj daim ntawv
Nyeem koj cov peev txheej dua thiab xaiv cov ntsiab lus hais tawm, txheeb cais, cov tswv yim lossis qhov tseeb uas txhawb koj cov ntawv. Thaum koj pom nws, sau nws. Koj yuav siv qhov no hauv daim ntawv.
- Yog tias koj npaj yuav siv daim ntawv thov uas cuam tshuam nrog koj lub tswv yim thiab taw qhia nws qhov tsis raug, koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav cov lus hais uas cuam tshuam nrog koj cov lus thesis thiab nrhiav txoj hauv kev los ua pov thawj nws tsis tseeb.
- Piv txwv: Rau cov lus thesis uas tau teev tseg saum toj no, cov peev txheej muaj xws li cov lus los ntawm cov kws paub lus los tham txog cov lus tshiab uas tau tsim thaum siv "lus luv-lus-lus"; txheeb cais qhia tias Askiv tau hloov pauv nrog txhua tiam, thiab qhov tseeb tias cov tub ntxhais kawm tseem tuaj yeem sau siv cov qauv sau ntawv zoo thiab sau ntawv (nws zoo li koj tus neeg sib tw yuav siv nqe lus no ua qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas cov ntawv thiaj li muaj qhov tsis zoo rau lus Askiv).
Ntu 2 ntawm 4: Tsim Cov Qauv
Kauj Ruam 1. Qhia koj qhov thesis
Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no nrog cov txheej txheem tsim lossis yooj yim teeb tsa nws hauv koj lub taub hau, tab sis koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas nthuav qhia cov ntawv rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Tus qauv zoo yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Qhib nqe lus: Ib kab lus qhib uas ua raws li tus nuv, ua rau tus nyeem ntawv txaus siab. 2. Txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem uas yuav tham. 3. Thesis nqe lus.
- Lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus: 1. Cov kab lus hauv nqe lus uas muab ib qho laj thawj los txhawb koj cov thesis. 2. Kev piav qhia thiab kev xav ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. 3. Txhawb los ntawm koj cov peev txheej uas txhawb nqa cov lus thov uas koj ua. 4. Kev piav qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm koj li peev txheej.
- Nqe lus xaus: 1. Qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj lub ncauj lus raws li cov pov thawj thiab cov laj thawj tau tham hauv daim ntawv. 2. Kev xav tob los xaus koj daim ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Siv tus qauv muaj tswv yim ntau hauv kev nthuav koj cov ntawv thesis
Koj tuaj yeem siv qee txoj hauv kev hauv qab no los teeb tsa lawv:
- Piv txwv/piv txwv. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog cov ntsiab lus, hais ncaj qha lossis rov hais dua ntawm cov peev txheej uas txhawb koj li kev xav. Koj tuaj yeem siv ntau dua ib qho piv txwv lossis piv txwv yog tias tsim nyog. Yog tias tsis yog, koj yuav tsum tseem muab cov piv txwv los txhawb koj cov thesis.
- Cov txheej txheem kev sib cav Strawman. Nrog cov txheej txheem no, koj muab cov lus sib cav uas cuam tshuam qhov kev sib cav uas koj tau xaiv, thiab tom qab ntawd taw qhia qhov tsis txaus ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam uas tawm tsam. Siv hom ntawv no, koj qhia tias koj tau paub txog cov lus nug tsis sib haum thiab tau npaj los teb cov no. Koj muab cov lus sib cav tawm tsam tom qab koj thesis, ua raws cov pov thawj los tawm tsam cov lus sib cav thiab xaus nrog cov lus sib cav zoo hauv kev nyiam koj thesis.
- Cov txheej txheem kev cog lus Cov ntawv sau nrog cov lus pom zoo tau teeb tsa zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem txiv neej straw, tab sis hauv cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo, lawv tseem ntseeg qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam kev sib cav thaum pom tias lawv cov lus sib cav muaj zog dua. Cov qauv no tseem ceeb yog tias cov ntawv sau tau tsom mus rau tus nyeem ntawv uas muaj kev tawm tsam kev xav.
- Kev sib piv thiab kev sib piv. Cov qauv no sib piv qhov zoo sib xws thiab qhov sib txawv sib txawv ntawm ob qho kev kawm lossis cov peev txheej los saib ob qho tib si. Sau ntawv nrog cov qauv no yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo nyeem koj cov ntaub ntawv los nrhiav cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm ob qho tib si zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv. Cov ntawv no tuaj yeem qhia kev sib cav ntawm cov peev txheej lossis raws cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws lossis sib txawv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tsim cov qauv tsim nyog rau keeb kwm yav dhau los lossis cov ntawv sib sau ua ke
Thaum feem ntau cov ntawv sau ua ke feem ntau tsom mus rau qhov hais tawm thiab txhawb nqa thesis, keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tsom mus rau ntau lub tswv yim los ntawm qhov chaw dua li tus kws sau ntawv pom. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev yooj yim los tsim cov ntawv no:
- Ntsiab lus. Cov qauv no nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam, txhawb kev sib cav rau koj thesis. Qhov no muab cov pov thawj tshwj xeeb uas txhawb nqa koj qhov kev pom tab sis feem ntau tseem ua rau koj tus kheej puas tsuaj. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov ntawv tom qab thiab tshuaj xyuas.
- Daim ntawv teev keeb kwm yav dhau los-teeb meem. Nov yog kab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus me me los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm koj daim ntawv raws li tau teev tseg hauv thesis. Txhua qhov laj thawj yog txhawb los ntawm cov pov thawj. Raws li nrog txoj kev sib txuas, cov laj thawj yuav tsum muaj kev vam meej ntxiv nrog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob tom qab.
Ntu 3 ntawm 4: Sau Koj Daim Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau koj thawj daim ntawv sau raws tus qauv
Npaj kom hloov pauv los ntawm thawj qhov phiaj xwm, tab sis tsuas yog yog tias koj pom cov tswv yim tshiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov peev txheej uas txhawb koj qhov kev lees paub.
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Koj daim ntawv yuav tsum muaj kab lus qhib nrog rau thesis thiab lub cev los nthuav qhia cov pov thawj uas txhawb nqa thesis thiab cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws txog koj cov ntsiab lus. #Sau rau tus neeg thib peb. Siv lo lus "tus sau" thiab qhia meej thiab ua kom tiav cov kab lus. Muab cov ntaub ntawv txaus los qhia koj qhov kev ntseeg siab raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj tsab ntawv. Koj yuav tsum sau rau hauv daim ntawv nquag kom ntau li ntau tau, txawm hais tias kab lus dhau mus siv tau yog tias koj siv thawj tus neeg ("Kuv") lossis tus neeg thib ob ("Nws") cov lus hais.
Sau Cov Ntawv Sau Synthesis Step 10
Kauj Ruam 2. Siv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab lus los ua kom cov ntawv sau muaj txiaj ntsig
Kev hloov pauv yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los qhia tias txhua yam ntawm koj cov peev txheej txhawb nqa ib leeg li cas: "Hallstrom txoj kev xav ntawm kev them nqi tau txhawb los ntawm Pennington cov ntawv," Cliffhanger Economics "uas cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no tau ua:"
Cov lus hais ntev uas ntev dua li peb kab yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ua ntu ntawm cov lus hais kom pom yooj yim
Ntu 4 ntawm 4: Ua Ntej Koj Daim Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Kho koj li ntawv
Nov yog lub sijhawm los txhawb kev sib cav thiab txhim kho kev hloov pauv ntawm ib kis thiab lwm qhov. Koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm los ua cov lus sib cav uas yog qhov yooj yim thiab nkag siab yooj yim. Sim nyeem koj cov ntawv nrov nrov, vim qhov no yuav ua rau koj yooj yim dua rau koj pom cov kab lus tsis meej lossis kev xav tsis sib xws.
Nug lwm tus neeg los txheeb xyuas koj daim ntawv. Muaj ib lo lus hais tias "Ob lub taub hau tseem zoo dua ib lub". Nug koj tus phooj ywg lossis tus neeg ua haujlwm txheeb xyuas cov ntawv. Lawv yuav ntxiv lossis tshem tawm dab tsi ntawm daim ntawv? Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: puas yog koj cov lus sib cav ua rau muaj kev nkag siab thiab tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm?
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshawb xyuas (rov nyeem) koj daim ntawv
- Rov nyeem cov ntawv thiab saib cov ntawv tsis raug, cov cim sau tseg lossis cov ntawv sau tsis raug. Puas yog txhua lub npe thiab txhua lo lus sau raug? Puas muaj cov kab lus tsis meej lossis cov lus tawg? Kho nws thaum koj nyeem.
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Nyeem daim ntawv nrov kom ntseeg tau tias koj tsis ntxiv lossis tshem cov lus yuam kev hauv koj lub taub hau.
Sau Cov Ntawv Sau Synthesis Step 13 - Yog koj ua tau, nug ib tus phooj ywg lossis tus phooj ywg hauv chav kawm nyeem ib yam. Lawv tuaj yeem pom yam lawv tau ploj lawm.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tshaj tawm cov peev txheej
Rau feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv, qhov no txhais tau tias siv tus lej hauv qab ntawm lub cev ntawm daim ntawv thiab cov ntawv sau thaum kawg. Cov lus hauv qab taw qhia thiab cov lus hais ncaj qha yuav tsum siv hauv ib qho lus piav qhia lossis cov ntaub ntawv raug hais tawm. Yog tias koj tab tom sau ntawv xeem AP, koj yuav raug nug kom tsis txhob siv tus qauv tshwj xeeb tab sis hais qhia qhov chaw tam sim tom qab koj tau hais tawm.
- Ib qho piv txwv hais hauv daim ntawv AP: McPherson hais tias "kev sau ntawv luv luv tau hloov pauv lus Askiv hauv txoj hauv kev zoo - nws tau muab txoj hauv kev tshiab rau ib tiam neeg tshiab los sib txuas lus" (Source E).
- Txog cov ntawv hauv tsev kawm qib siab, feem ntau koj yuav sau ua hom ntawv MLA. Xijpeem hom koj xaiv, ua tau zoo ib yam hauv nws siv. Koj kuj tseem yuav raug nug kom siv APA lossis Chicago style ntawm kev sau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 4. Muab koj daim ntawv lub npe
Lub npe no yuav tsum tuaj yeem piav qhia lub tswv yim tseem ceeb hauv nqe lus thesis nrog rau cov lus sib cav txhawb nqa. Xaiv lub npe kawg tuaj yeem pab xyuas kom lub npe uas koj xaiv haum rau cov ntawv koj tau sau tseg, thiab tsis yog lwm txoj hauv kev.
