Cov kab lus hauv cov ntawv xov xwm tshawb fawb thiab ntawv xov xwm, ob qho tib si luam tawm thiab tshaj tawm hauv online, feem ntau siv los ua cov ntawv rau kev tshawb fawb kab lus. Suav nrog cov lus piav qhia txhua lub sijhawm koj txhais cov ntsiab lus lossis hais tawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kab lus, thiab suav nrog tag nrho cov lus citation nkag rau hauv ntu siv lossis cov phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kab lus. Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim suav nrog hauv qhov kev hais tawm yog tib yam, tab sis hom ntawv sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb hom kev citation siv, xws li Modern Language Association (MLA), American Psychological Association (APA), lossis Chicago.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Siv MLA Citation Style
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib qhov kev nkag nkag nrog tus sau lub npe
Sau tus sau lub xeem lub npe ua ntej, tom qab ntawd tus lej cim thiab ib qho chaw. Sau tus sau thawj thiab lub npe nruab nrab yog tias muaj. Tom qab ntawd, ntxig ib lub sijhawm tom kawg ntawm lub npe.
- Piv txwv li: Buchman, Dana.
-
Yog tias muaj ob tus kws sau ntawv, cais txhua lub npe nrog tus lej cim thiab ntxig lo lus "thiab" lossis "thiab" ua ntej tus sau lub xeem lub npe. Hloov qhov kev txiav txim ntawm thawj tus neeg sau lub npe nkaus xwb. Piv txwv li: Martin, Johnathan A., thiab Christopher Jackson.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Martin, Johnathan A., thiab Christopher Jackson
-
Txog cov ntawv sau los ntawm peb lossis ntau tus sau, suav nrog lub npe ntawm thawj tus sau. Tom qab ntawd, ntxig tus lej cim thiab cov ntawv luv "li. Al." Lossis "lwm yam". Piv txwv li: Fontela, Pablo, thiab lwm yam. al.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Fontela, Pablo, li al
Kauj Ruam 2. Nkag mus rau lub npe ntawm kab lus thiab muab nws tso rau hauv cov lus hais
Ntaus lub npe ntawm kab lus thiab sau ua thawj tsab ntawv ntawm thawj lo lus thiab txhua lub npe, cov lus piav qhia, lus qhia, thiab lus paj lug, nrog rau cov lus uas muaj ntau dua plaub tsab ntawv (rau Askiv). Hom ntawv sau no paub tias yog cov ntaub ntawv npe. Muab ib lub sijhawm ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub npe, ua ntej kaw cov lus hais.
- Piv txwv li: Buchman, Dana. "Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb."
- Yog tias tsab xov xwm muaj cov kab ntawv me me, ntaus cov nyuv thiab qhov chaw tom qab lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau kab lus hauv tib hom ntawv sau. Muab ib lub sijhawm nyob rau qhov kawg ntawm cov ntawv sau ua ntej, ua ntej kaw cov lus hais.
Kauj Ruam 3. Suav nrog lub npe ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm lossis ntawv xov xwm thiab hnub tshaj tawm
Ntaus lub npe hauv kab lus, tom qab ntawd tus lej cim thiab qhov chaw. Tom qab ntawd, nkag mus rau hnub tshaj tawm hauv cov ntawv hnub-hli-xyoo thiab ua kom luv txhua lub hlis npe uas muaj ntau dua 4 tus ntawv rau hauv lawv thawj 3 tsab ntawv. Muab tus lej cim tom qab hnub tim.
- Piv txwv li: Buchman, Dana. "Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb." Kev tu tsev zoo, Mar. 2006,
- Txog cov ntawv xov xwm tshawb fawb, suav nrog cov ntim thiab tus lej tso tawm tom qab lub npe tshaj tawm. Cais ob daim ntaub ntawv nrog tus lej cim. Piv txwv li: Bagchi, Alaknanda. "Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm haiv neeg": Lub suab ntawm Subaltern hauv Mahasweta Devi's Bashai Tudu. "Tulsa Kev Tshawb Fawb hauv Cov Poj Niam Phau Ntawv Sau, vol. 15, tsis muaj. 1, 1996,
-
Yog tias tsab xov xwm tau tshaj tawm hauv cov ntawv me hauv cheeb tsam lossis cheeb tsam, suav nrog lub npe ntawm qhov chaw (nyob hauv kab zauv) tom qab lub npe ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm. Piv txwv li: Trembacki, Paul. "Brees Cia Siab Yeej Heisman rau Pab Pawg." Purdue Exponent [West Lafayette, IN], 5 Kaum Ob Hlis 2000,
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Trembacki, Paul. "Brees Cia Siab Yeej Heisman rau Pab Pawg." Purdue Exponent [West Lafayette, IN], 5 Kaum Ob Hlis 2000,
Kauj Ruam 4. Sau cov xov xwm uas muaj kab lus
Txog cov ntawv luam tawm, suav nrog tus lej nplooj (lossis nplooj ntawv nplooj) uas muaj kab lus. Rau cov ntawv online, sau tus lej URL lossis DOI. Yog tias koj siv URL, tsis txhob suav nrog "http:" ib feem ntawm qhov chaw nyob. Muab sijhawm rau qhov kawg ntawm daim ntawv tsocai.
-
Piv txwv ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm: Buchman, Dana. "Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb." Kev tu tsev zoo, Mar. 2006, ib., Pp. 143-148.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Buchman, Dana. "Kev Kawm Tshwj Xeeb." Kev tu tsev zoo, Mar. 2006, ib., P. 143-148
-
Piv txwv ntawm kab lus hauv online: Trembacki, Paul. "Brees Cia Siab Yeej Heisman rau Pab Pawg." Purdue Exponent [West Lafayette, IN], 5 Kaum Ob Hlis 2000, www.purdueexponent.org/sports/article_b6f722b8-9595-58b8-849b-5a8447bbf793.html.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Trembacki, Paul. "Brees Cia Siab Yeej Heisman rau Pab Pawg." Purdue Exponent [West Lafayette, IN], 5 Kaum Ob Hlis 2000, www.purdueexponent.org/sports/article_b6f722b8-9595-58b8-849b-5a8447bbf793.html
Siv Cov Qauv Nkag Mus Hauv MLA Style
Lub Xeem, Lub Npe. "Kab lus hauv kab lus hauv Title Case Format." Lub Npe Ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm, Hnub Ib Hlis Xyoo, pp. ##-##. URL los yog DOI.
Hom ntawv hauv Indonesian
Lub Xeem, Lub Npe. "Kab lus hauv kab lus hauv Title Case Format." Lub Npe Ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm, Hnub Hli Xyoo, p. ##-##. URL los yog DOI.
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv tus sau lub xeem thiab tus lej nplooj ntawv rau hauv cov ntawv sau
Thaum koj sau cov ntsiab lus lossis hais tawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kab lus sau, tso cov kab lus hauv kab lus tom kawg ntawm kab lus, ua ntej kaw cov cim cim cim tseg. Suav nrog tus sau lub xeem yog tias lub npe tsis tau hais ncaj qha hauv kab lus lossis sau ntawv.
- Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem sau: "Rau cov poj niam uas tau ntsib teeb meem ntawm lawv txoj hauv kev mus rau kev vam meej, muaj tus ntxhais nrog kev kawm nyuaj qhia nws txog kev nyuaj thiab lub sijhawm los txhim kho raws li tus kheej (Buchman 147)."
- Yog tias cov ntawv sau tsis muaj nplooj ntawv, tsuas suav nrog tus sau lub npe. Yog tias koj twb tau hais txog tus sau lub npe hauv kab lus lossis kab ntawv, thiab cov ntawv sau tsis muaj nplooj ntawv, koj tsis tas yuav suav nrog qhov hais hauv kab lus.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Siv Ib Qho Citation Style
Kauj Ruam 1. Suav nrog tus sau lub npe thiab hnub tim tshaj tawm
Ntaus tus sau lub xeem lub npe ua ntej, tom qab ntawd ntxig tus lej cim. Nkag mus rau lub npe pib ntawm nws thawj lub npe tom qab ntawd. Ntxiv cov npe nruab nrab yog tias muaj. Ntxig ib qhov chaw tom qab lub sijhawm, tom qab ntawv sau hnub tim tshaj tawm (hauv kab lus). Sau xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm ua ntej, ntxig tus lej cim, tom qab ntawd ntxiv lub hli thiab hnub tim yog tias muaj. Muab ib lub sijhawm tom qab kaw kab lus.
-
Piv txwv li: Yuav, G. F (2004, Lub Xya Hli 5).
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Yuav, GF (2004, Lub Xya Hli 5)
- Yog tias tsab xov xwm tau sau los ntawm ntau tus kws sau ntawv, cais txhua lub npe nrog tus lej. Siv lub cim thiab (“&”) ua ntej tus sau lub xeem lub npe.
Kauj Ruam 2. Suav nrog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus
Ntaus ib lub npe thiab siv thawj tsab ntawv ntawm thawj lo lus thiab lub npe nkaus xwb. Hom ntawv sau no paub tias yog kab lus kab lus. Yog tias tsab xov xwm muaj cov kab ntawv me me, tso tus nyuv tom qab lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab ntaus cov npe hauv tib hom. Ntxig ib lub sijhawm tom kawg ntawm lub npe.
- Piv txwv li: Yuav, G. F (2004, Lub Xya Hli 5). Ua tsov rog ntawm Wal-Mart.
- Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Yuav, GF (2004, Lub Xya Hli 5). Ua tsov rog ntawm Wal-Mart.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nkag mus rau lub npe ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm
Ntaus lub npe ntawm kev tshaj tawm hauv cov ntawv qaij. Yog tias cov ntawv tshaj tawm muaj cov lej ntim, ntxig tus lej cim tom qab lub npe thiab ntxiv cov lej ntim (hauv cov ntawv qaij). Ntxig tus lej cim tom qab tus lej ntim thiab suav nrog tus lej tso tawm. Ntxiv tus lej cim rau cov ntawv tshaj tawm lossis lub sijhawm rau online (digital) cov ntawv tshaj tawm.
-
Piv txwv ntawm kev luam tawm: Will, G. F (2004, Lub Xya Hli 5). Ua tsov rog ntawm Wal-Mart. Xov Xwm Tshiab, 144,
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Yuav, GF (2004, Lub Xya Hli 5). Ua tsov rog ntawm Wal-Mart. Xov Xwm Tshiab, 144,
-
Rau cov peev txheej muaj nyob hauv is taws nem nkaus xwb, suav nrog kev sau npe txuas ntxiv (piv txwv li ".com" lossis ".org) hauv lub npe ntawm kev tshaj tawm. Piv txwv li: Romm, J. (2008, Lub Ob Hlis 27). Qhov tseeb txias txog kev hloov pauv huab cua. Salon.com.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Romm, J. (2008, Lub Ob Hlis 27). Qhov tseeb txias txog kev hloov pauv huab cua. Salon.com
Kauj Ruam 4. Xaus qhov nkag nrog tus lej nplooj ntawv, URL, lossis tus lej DOI
Txog kev luam tawm cov ntawv, sau tus lej nplooj ntawv (lossis nplooj ntawv nplooj) uas muaj kab lus. Yog tias koj pom kab lus online, ntaus kab lus "Rov qab los ntawm" thiab tom qab ntawd luam thiab muab URL lossis DOI tus lej ntawm kab lus. Muab ib lub sijhawm tom qab tus lej nplooj ntawv. Tsis txhob ntxig lub sijhawm kawg ntawm qhov URL lossis DOI.
-
Piv txwv ntawm tsab xov xwm luam tawm: Yuav, G. F (2004, Lub Xya Hli 5). Ua tsov rog ntawm Wal-Mart. Xov Xwm Tshiab, 144, 64.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Yuav, GF (2004, Lub Xya Hli 5). Ua tsov rog ntawm Wal-Mart. Xov Xwm Tshiab, 144, 64
-
Piv txwv ntawm kab lus hauv online: Romm, J. (2008, Lub Ob Hlis 27). Qhov tseeb txias txog kev hloov pauv huab cua. Salon.com.https://www.salon.com/2008/02/27/global_warming_deniers/
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Romm, J. (2008, Lub Ob Hlis 27). Qhov tseeb txias txog kev hloov pauv huab cua. Salon.com
Kev Siv Nkag Nkag Nkag Hauv Cov Qauv hauv APA
Lub Xeem, Thawj Lub Npe Qhov Nruab Nrab Pib. (Xyoo, Hnub Hli). Kab lus npe hauv kab lus hom ntawv. Lub Npe Ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm, Nplooj Ntawv. Tau txais los ntawm URL
Hom ntawv hauv Indonesian
Lub Xeem, Thawj Lub Npe Qhov Nruab Nrab Pib. (Xyoo, Hnub Hli). Kab lus npe hauv kab lus hom ntawv. Lub Npe Ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm, Nplooj Ntawv. Tau txais los ntawm URL
Kauj Ruam 5. Muab cov ntawv citation hauv cov ntawv sau hauv tus sau lub npe-xyoo hom ntawv
Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum sau cov lus hais hauv kab lus ntawm qhov kawg ntawm txhua kab lus uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas koj tau hais tawm lossis hais tawm los ntawm kab lus. Yog tias koj hais txog tus sau lub npe hauv kab lus, tso cov kab lus hauv kab lus nrog tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv xyoo tom qab tus sau lub npe.
- Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem sau: "Romm (2008) hais tias cov ntawv tshaj tawm thoob ntiaj teb tau ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev hem thawj ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua."
- Yog tias koj tsis hais tus sau lub npe hauv kab lus lossis kab ntawv, siv nqe lus hauv kab lus "tus qauv" tom kawg ntawm kab lus, ua ntej kaw kab cim cim cim. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem sau: "Cov tib neeg uas tawm tsam kev hloov pauv huab cua tsis raug txhais qhov kev pom zoo tshawb fawb raws li kev txiav txim siab tsis tsim nyog los ntawm qee pab pawg (Romm, 2008).
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Siv Chicago Quote Style
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib qhov kev nkag nkag nrog tus sau lub npe
Sau tus sau lub xeem lub npe ua ntej, ua raws tus lej thiab ib qho chaw. Tom qab ntawv, ntaus tus sau lub npe thiab lub npe nruab nrab lossis lub npe yog tias muaj. Ntxig ib lub sijhawm tom kawg ntawm lub npe.
Piv txwv li: Goldman, Jason G
Kauj Ruam 2. Nkag mus rau lub npe ntawm kab lus thiab muab nws tso rau hauv cov lus hais
Thaum ntaus lub npe, sau ua thawj tsab ntawv ntawm thawj lo lus thiab txhua lub npe, cov lus piav qhia, lus qhia, thiab adverbs (cov npe kab ntawv hom). Ntxig ib lub sijhawm ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub npe, ua ntej kaw cov lus hais tawm.
- Piv txwv li: Goldman, Jason G. "Lizards Learn a Silly Walk after Poob They Tail."
- Yog tias tsab xov xwm muaj cov kab ntawv me me, ntaus cov nyuv thiab qhov chaw tom qab lub npe, tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau kab lus hauv tib hom ntawv. Muab ib lub sijhawm rau qhov kawg ntawm cov ntawv sau.
Kauj Ruam 3. Suav nrog lub npe ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm thiab hnub tshaj tawm
Ntaus lub npe hauv kab lus, tom qab ntawd tus lej cim thiab qhov chaw. Tom qab ntawd, nkag mus rau hnub tshaj tawm hauv lub hli-hnub-xyoo hom ntawv. Ntxig ib lub sij hawm kawg ntawm hnub tim.
-
Piv txwv li: Goldman, Jason G. "Lizards Learn a Silly Walk after Poob They Tail." Kev tshawb fawb Asmeskas, Kaum Ob Hlis 1, 2017.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Goldman, Jason G. "Lizards Learn a Silly Walk after Poob They Tail." Kev tshawb fawb Asmeskas, Kaum Ob Hlis 1, 2017
- Txog cov kab lus hauv cov ntawv xov xwm tshawb fawb uas muaj ntim thiab cov lej lej, tso hnub tim tshaj tawm hauv kab lus. Ntxig ib txoj nyuv tom qab tus ntaiv. Piv txwv li: Bunce, Valerie. "Rethinking Tsis ntev los no Kev ywj pheej: Cov Ntsiab Lus los ntawm Kev Paub Tom Qab Kev Sib Tham." Txoj Cai Ntiaj Teb 55, tsis muaj. 2 (2003):
Kauj Ruam 4. Xaus qhov nkag nrog nplooj ntawv naj npawb/ntau lossis kab lus URL
Txog cov ntawv luam tawm, ntaus tus lej lossis nplooj ntawv uas muaj cov kab lus, ua raws lub sijhawm. Yog tias koj pom kab lus los ntawm is taws nem, suav nrog tag nrho URL ncaj qha lossis DOI tus lej ntawm kab lus, ua raws lub sijhawm.
- Piv txwv ntawm kab ntawv luam tawm: Bunce, Valerie. "Rethinking Tsis ntev los no Kev ywj pheej: Cov Ntsiab Lus los ntawm Kev Paub Tom Qab Kev Sib Tham." Txoj Cai Ntiaj Teb 55, tsis muaj. 2 (2003): 167-192.
- Piv txwv ntawm kab lus hauv online: Goldman, Jason G. "Lizards Learn a Silly Walk after Poob They Tail." Kev tshawb fawb Asmeskas, Kaum Ob Hlis 1, 2017.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Goldman, Jason G. "Lizards Learn a Silly Walk after Poob They Tail." Kev tshawb fawb Asmeskas, Kaum Ob Hlis 1, 2017
Kev Siv Nkag Nkag Nkag Hauv Cov Qauv hauv Chicago
Lub Xeem, Lub Npe. "Kab lus hauv kab lus hauv Title Case Format." Lub Npe Ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm, Hnub Hli, Xyoo Tshaj Tawm. URL
Kauj Ruam 5. Kho cov hom ntawv rau tus lej hauv qab
Muab tus lej me me (cov ntawv sau me me) tso rau qhov kawg ntawm kab lus uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas koj tau hais tawm lossis sau los ntawm kab lus. Cov lej hauv qab uas cuam tshuam yuav tsum suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ib yam nkaus li cov ntaub ntawv hauv qhov nkag nkag. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tsis tas yuav hloov qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov npe sau. Tsis tas li, hloov lub sijhawm nrog tus lej cim cais txhua ntu ntawm tus lej nkag nkag.
- Piv txwv ntawm kab ntawv luam tawm: Valerie Bunce, "Rethinking Recent Democratization: Lessons from the Postcommunist Experience," World Politics 55, no. 2 (2003): 167-192.
-
Piv txwv ntawm kab lus online: Jason G. Goldman, "Lizards Learn a Silly Walk after Poob They Tail," Scientific American, Kaum Ob Hlis 1, 2017, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lizards-learn-a-silly -walk -after-poob-lawv-tail/.
Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: Jason G. Goldman, "Lizards Learn a Silly Walk after Lossing They Tail," Scientific American, December 1, 2017, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lizards-learn-a-silly- walk -after-poob-lawv-tail/
