Cov phau ntawv qub hauv nthab yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau rau koj, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom. Piv txwv li, thawj tsab ntawv ntawm Charles Darwin phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj "On the Origin of Species" muag rau 2.1 billion rupiah hauv xyoo 2011. Txawm tias koj tsis muaj phau ntawv zoo sib xws, tom qab txheeb xyuas phau ntawv thiab nws cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas nws tus nqi. muag phau ntawv. Pib los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev ntawm phau ntawv thiab nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv siv online. Yog tias koj xav tau cov lus qhia ntxiv, nug tus kws tshuaj xyuas kev pab. Nco ntsoov, tus nqi muag ntawm koj phau ntawv nyob ntawm kev nyiam hauv khw thiab kev txaus siab ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom siv nyiaj.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Paub Txog Tus Cwj Pwm Ntawm Phau Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas lub npe ntawm phau ntawv thiab nplooj ntawv ceeb toom rau txoj cai rau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb
Sau lub npe ntawm kev tshaj tawm phau ntawv nrog rau tus sau lub npe. Tom qab ntawd, xyuam xim rau cov ntsiab lus luam tawm uas suav nrog lub npe ntawm tus tshaj tawm, lub nroog uas nws tau tshaj tawm, thiab hnub tshaj tawm, nrog rau hnub ntawm kev tso cai sau npe.
- Maj mam qhib phau ntawv rau thawj nplooj ntawv. Hla cov nplooj ntawv dawb thiab nplooj ntawv npe, yog tias muaj, vim tias lawv tsuas muaj cov npe phau ntawv. Tom qab nws, koj yuav pom nplooj ntawv nrog lub npe tag nrho. Qhib nplooj ntawv txhawm rau nrhiav nplooj ntawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv txwv txoj cai.
- Tsis txhob cia siab rau cov ntawv pov thawj plua plav lossis cov ntawv khi los nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv uas koj tab tom nrhiav raws li cov ntsiab lus no yuav tsis yog cov khoom qub uas tuaj nrog phau ntawv. Txawm hais tias lawv yog qhov tseeb, cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg muaj yuav tsis tiav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshawb nrhiav cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj phau ntawv luam tawm
Muaj ntau tus neeg sau phau ntawv nrhiav thawj cov ntawv thiab cov ntawv tsis tshua muaj. Txheeb cov nplooj ntawv npe thiab nplooj ntawv txwv kom pom tias phau ntawv yog thawj zaug, kho dua tshiab, lossis txwv ib tsab. Cov ntsiab lus uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus nqi phau ntawv feem ntau yog luam nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.
- Qee phau ntawv luam tawm thawj zaug nthuav tawm lo lus "Thawj Tsab Ntawv" ntawm nplooj ntawv npe, tab sis ntau tus tsis ua. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj phau ntawv luam tawm thawj zaug yog tias koj pom tsuas yog ib hnub luam tawm.
- Koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas phau ntawv luam tawm yog tias nws muaj ntau dua ib hnub tshaj tawm. Cov phau ntawv luam tawm feem ntau suav nrog lo lus "Luam" (piv txwv li "Luam Ntawv Thib Ob") lossis "Luam Tawm" (nrog tus lej tsis yog "Thawj").
- Qee zaum, phau ntawv yuav rov luam dua los ntawm lwm tus tshaj tawm uas tsis tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug. Nws tuaj yeem sau "Thawj (lub npe tshaj tawm) Luam tawm" los qhia tias tus tshaj tawm tsis yog tus tshaj tawm thawj phau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb cov ntsiab lus ntawm phau ntawv nrog cov ntawv sau hauv phau ntawv teev npe online
Thaum koj muaj cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, muab piv rau cov ntaub ntawv raug cai ntawm kev luam tawm ntawm tib phau ntawv. Mus ntsib cov ntawv teev npe online, xws li World Cat, National Union Catalog (NUC), lossis tshawb nrhiav phau ntawv sau ntawm tus kws sau ntawv/sau ntawv luam lossis luam tawm digital los tham txog tus sau lossis lub ntsiab lus ntawm koj phau ntawv. Tshawb los ntawm tus sau lub npe, lub npe, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm kom txog thaum koj pom cov ntaub ntawv tseeb ntawm koj phau ntawv.
- Cov ntawv teev npe no muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm lub npe ntawm phau ntawv uas koj tab tom nrhiav.
- Koj tuaj yeem sib piv cov ntawv raws li lawv cov keeb kwm tshaj tawm. Qhov no yuav pab koj nkag siab qhov tseeb hnub nyoog ntawm phau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 4. Siv cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg los txiav txim tias koj phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj pes tsawg
Thaum nws nyuaj rau nrhiav tus lej ntawm tus tswv ntawm tib phau ntawv, koj tuaj yeem paub tias pes tsawg ntawm cov phau ntawv no tau nthuav tawm hauv zej zog, tuam txhab lag luam, thiab tsev qiv ntawv. Siv qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm World Cat, NUC, lossis lwm yam khoom siv online kom paub seb muaj pes tsawg phau ntawv no nyob hauv khw thiab lawv nyob qhov twg.
- Ib yam li lwm cov khoom sau, tsawg dua daim ntawv muaj, tus nqi siab dua ntawm txhua yam khoom.
- Nug tus kws sau ntawv los pab koj nrhiav koj phau ntawv hauv phau ntawv teev npe online yog tias koj muaj teeb meem nrhiav nws.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Phau Ntawv Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas qhov ua tiav thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm nplooj ntawv thiab cov ntawv phaj
Saib cov ntaub ntawv hauv tib phau ntawv teev npe raws li koj phau ntawv kom pom cov nplooj ntawv thiab cov duab (feem ntau hu ua "phaj") uas suav nrog. Txheeb xyuas phau ntawv ua tib zoo kom ntseeg tau tias txhua nplooj ntawv thiab daim hlau zoo ib yam, tshuaj xyuas phau ntawv kom zoo kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj cov xim dub, hloov xim, quav, lossis nplooj ntawv tawg, thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias cov npoo ntawm phau ntawv, xws li ci, tsis puas
- Siv cov lus qub qub los txhais cov kev puas tsuaj kom raug. Piv txwv li, cov xim av daj hu ua "foxing."
- Lub cev nqaij daim tawv thiab ua tiav zoo cuam tshuam rau kev muag tus nqi ntawm phau ntawv qub.
Kauj Ruam 2. Sau qhov kev puas tsuaj rau phau ntawv khi
Txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau ntev ntawm phau ntawv khi thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias lub hauv ntej thiab nraub qaum tseem ruaj khov rau ntawm "qaum". Ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev xaws ntawm txoj hlua khi thiab cov kua nplaum.
- Cov phau ntawv uas tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb yog suav tias tsis tiav.
- Yog tias koj phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj neeg tshwj xeeb, luam tawm hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo yuav raug nqi tsawg dua li luam tawm hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas lub cev ntawm lub plua plav npog thiab thav duab, yog tias muaj
Xyuas kom tseeb tias lub hau thiab pob qij txha tsis ploj mus, ntuag, lossis quav kiag li. Yog tias koj muaj phau ntawv los ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, xyuas seb nws puas tseem muaj cov thav duab qub uas tsis muaj hmoov av. Txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus ncej thiab nco tseg ib qho uas tau tawg, quav, lossis ploj mus.
Phau ntawv poob uas yog thawj daim ntawv pov thawj ua hmoov av tuaj yeem txo qis phau ntawv tus nqi
Kauj Ruam 4. Txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm phau ntawv tag nrho nrog tus txheej txheem ntsuas qub
Nyeem phau ntawv qhia antiquarian txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm koj phau ntawv. Lub sij hawm uas feem ntau siv yog "zoo" lossis "zoo li tshiab" los qhia tias phau ntawv nyob ze qhov zoo uas tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag. Cov ntsiab lus zoo li "zoo heev". "Zoo", thiab "ncaj ncees" qhia txog qib kev xiam oob qhab poob qis. Sau lub cev ntawm phau ntawv uas sib haum rau qib koj tau muab.
- Txawm hais tias muaj xwm txheej zoo li cas, koj yuav tsum xa mus rau phau ntawv "ex-library collection" yog tias nws muaj lub tsev qiv ntawv stamp lossis tau txais los ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv.
- Siv lo lus "khi daim ntawv" xa mus rau phau ntawv nrog nplooj ntawv zoo, tab sis xav tau cov ntawv tshiab.
- Nco ntsoov, cov phau ntawv qub lossis tsis tshua muaj feem ntau muaj tus nqi siab txawm tias qhov kev puas tsuaj loj heev.
Kauj Ruam 5. Sau cov pov thawj ntawm phau ntawv keeb kwm los txhawm rau nce nws cov nqi muag
Keeb kwm lossis keeb kwm ntawm kev muaj tswv cuab dhau los ntawm phau ntawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws tus nqi muag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias phau ntawv yog tus tswv ntawm tus neeg tseem ceeb. Txheeb daim ntawv tso cai rau tus tswv lub npe, tus tswv kos npe, lossis tus neeg kos npe uas hais txog tus tswv lub npe.
Yog tias koj phau ntawv muaj keeb kwm txaus nyiam, nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv uas ua pov thawj tias keeb kwm. Txheeb xyuas tsev neeg cov ntaub ntawv lossis tham nrog ib tus neeg uas paub txog phau ntawv keeb kwm los lees paub nws
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Txiav Txim Qhov Muag Tus Nqi ntawm Phau Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Muaj tus kws tshaj lij ntsuas koj phau ntawv ua ntu zus
Yog tias koj xav tau txais kev txhawb nqa se lossis ntawv pov hwm kev noj qab haus huv, koj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas lawv raws li txoj cai. Kev tshuaj xyuas yuav tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj tus kws tshuaj xyuas lossis tsis raug cai los ntawm tus siv phau ntawv muag khoom tsawg, Antiquarian Booksellers 'Association of America (ABAA), International League of Antiquarian Booksellers (ILAB), lossis International Society of Appraisers (ISA). Nrhiav tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas hauv koj cheeb tsam txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas lub cev ntawm phau ntawv qub.
- Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas feem ntau yog them nyiaj los them rau cov kev pabcuam ntawm tus kws ntsuas thiab pov hwm. Yog li, npaj kom siv nyiaj.
- Yog tias koj nrhiav tsis tau tus neeg ntsuas hauv koj cheeb tsam, xa cov duab ntxaws ntawm phau ntawv. Coj cov duab ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab tom qab ntawm nplooj ntawv npe, thawj thiab nplooj ntawv kawg ntawm kab ntawv, sab nrauv, "txha nraub qaum", thiab lwm ntu uas tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas xav tau.
- Cov tsev qiv ntawv feem ntau tsis muab cov kev pabcuam ntsuas.
- Yog tias muaj kev kos npe rau ntawm koj phau ntawv, tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas nws qhov tseeb rau koj. Nyob ntawm phau ntawv thiab keeb kwm ntawm kev kos npe, qhov no tuaj yeem nce tus nqi muag ntawm phau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nyeem phau ntawv qhia siv qhov tseeb txhawm rau nrhiav kev kwv yees rau phau ntawv tus nqi
Muaj ntau qhov ntawv sau ua pov thawj los txiav txim tus nqi ntawm phau ntawv sau. Nrhiav cov lus qhia uas cuam tshuam nrog phau ntawv cov ntsiab lus lossis tus sau hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv lossis hauv cov khoom sib sau ntawm lub khw muag ntawv. Nyob ntawm seb cov txheej txheem tau teeb tsa li cas, koj phau ntawv tuaj yeem teev npe ua tus ntawv los ntawm tus sau lub npe lossis phau ntawv npe, lossis teev raws sijhawm raws li hnub tshaj tawm. Nyeem cov ntsiab lus hauv phau ntawv qhia kom pom koj phau ntawv.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj tab tom siv phau ntawv qhia tshiab kawg raws li phau ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig hloov pauv tas li.
- Siv Allen thiab Patricia Ahern phau ntawv qhia "Sau Cov Ntawv: Phau Ntawv Qhia rau Qhov Muaj Cai" rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm thawj phau ntawv luam tawm.
- Nyeem "Asmeskas Phau Ntawv Nqi Tam Sim No" thiab "Phau Ntawv Teev Npe Auction," 2 phau ntawv qhia tus nqi ntawm phau ntawv qub muag ntawm kev muag khoom. Ib phau ntawv qhia ib xyoos ib zaug hu ua "Bookman's Price Index" suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm tus tswv lag luam phau ntawv teev npe los tsim cov npe khoom.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib rau tus muag phau ntawv online kom paub seb nws muag rau dab tsi
Nrhiav kom paub meej ntawm koj phau ntawv tshwj xeeb phau ntawv muag khoom lub vev xaib, xws li Abe Phau Ntawv, BookFinder, thiab AdALL, lossis ntawm cov chaw muag khoom zoo li eBay kom paub ntau npaum li cas phau ntawv muag nyob ntawd.
- Yog tias koj tsis pom cov txiaj ntsig txaus siab, nws yuav yog vim phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj lossis nyuaj nrhiav. Xav txog kev sab laj tus kws saib xyuas qub qub yog tias koj nrhiav tsis tau cov ntaub ntawv hauv is taws nem.
- Tsim tus as khauj thiab sim muag phau ntawv lossis muag nws tawm ntawm ib ntawm cov vev xaib no, yog tias koj xav tau.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nco ntsoov tias tus nqi muag ntawm phau ntawv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom
Tsis hais tus nqi teev npe, cov ntawv xa hauv online, lossis kev tshuaj xyuas tus neeg ntsuas, tus nqi uas koj tau txais yog nyob ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom. Cov kev kwv yees no tsuas yog kev txiav txim siab hnyav, tsis yog cov lej tseeb. Nkag siab ntau yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov nyiaj uas koj muag phau ntawv.
- Cov neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem hloov pauv raws li kev nyiam ua lag luam lossis tus kheej nyiam.
- Lub npe ntawm phau ntawv nto moo, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus sau nrov, lossis phau ntawv hais txog qee yam uas nrov tuaj yeem nce tus nqi vim tias nws muaj koob npe lossis nws tuaj yeem poob qis vim muaj kev lag luam ntau dhau.
Kauj Ruam 5. Khaws ib phau ntawv uas koj tsis xav muag
Koj tsuas muaj ib txoj hauv kev kom tau nyiaj hauv phau ntawv sau. Yog tias koj xav tias phau ntawv muaj nqis ntau dua li tus neeg yuav khoom, tuav ntawm qhov muag. Tom qab ob peb xyoos, tus nqi yuav zaum nce.
- Koj tseem tuaj yeem khaws cov phau ntawv uas muaj tus kheej siab lossis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Phau ntawv no, txawm hais tias tsis muag tau zoo, tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua.
- Koj tseem tuaj yeem pub dawb phau ntawv rau lub tsev qiv ntawv lossis chaw khaws cia. Hu rau lub tuam tsev muag khoom los tham txog kev pub dawb.
Lub tswv yim
- Khaws cov phau ntawv kom nyab xeeb thiab tso rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav kom tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm hmoov av thiab tshav ntuj. Tham nrog cov kws khaws ntaub ntawv thiab antiquarians rau cov lus qhia yog tias koj tsis paub yuav tiv thaiv phau ntawv li cas.
- Yog tias koj muag cov ntawv online, nco ntsoov piav qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm phau ntawv kom meej thiab/lossis tshaj tawm cov duab ntawm cov khoom puas. Ua siab ncaj thaum sau cov ntawv ntsuas thiab tsis txhob ua qhov zoo ntawm koj phau ntawv.
Ceeb toom
- Tuav phau ntawv nrog tes huv, qhuav kom cov av thiab roj los ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsis ua rau cov nplooj ntawv lossis ntim ntau ntau.
- Tsis txhob qhib nplooj ntawv ntau dhau. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau phau ntawv puas tsuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, npog lub hau nrog lub hauv ncoo muag muag lossis V-zoo li phau ntawv txhawb nqa.
