Citation ntawm cov phau ntawv hauv MLA (Niaj Hnub Hais Lus Koom Haum) style feem ntau yooj yim thiab yooj yim. Thaum hais txog phau ntawv sau, suav nrog tus sau lub npe thiab tus lej nplooj ntawv hauv kab lus. Cov ntawv sau hauv kab lus coj tus nyeem ntawv mus rau qhov ua tiav ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm nplooj ntawv siv lossis phau ntawv keeb kwm. Txhawm rau ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv nkag, siv cov qauv hauv qab no: Tus Sau. Phau ntawv npe. Tus tshaj tawm, hnub tshaj tawm. Kev sau cov ntawv nyuaj (piv txwv li phau ntawv txhais lus) yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis, tab sis ua tib zoo mloog kom ntxaws. Koj tuaj yeem ua tus tswv ntawm MLA qhov kev hais tawm.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Tsim Cov Lus Hauv Cov Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas qhov chaw thaum twg koj suav nrog qhov citation lossis reference
Nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm hauv kab lus, tam sim ntawd tom qab hais ncaj qha, txhais cov lus, lossis cov ntaub ntawv uas hais txog lwm tus kws sau ntawv lub tswv yim. Cov ntawv luv luv no muab cov ntaub ntawv txaus rau cov nyeem kom pom qhov nkag nkag ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nplooj ntawv lossis ntu ntu ntawm koj qhov kev sau.
Vim Li Cas Xaiv Qhov Chaw?
Qhia kev txaus siab thiab hwm lwm tus neeg sau ntawv
Los ntawm kev suav cov peev txheej, koj lees paub tias yam uas tau sau yog kev xav lossis lub tswv yim ntawm lwm tus neeg xav. Ib qho ntxiv, kev dag neeg yog kev tsis ncaj ncees uas tuaj yeem ua rau koj muaj teeb meem.
Muaj kev txawj ntse tham
Kev sau ntawv kev kawm yog ib hom kev sib pauv tswv yim lossis tswv yim. Ua cov ntaub ntawv lossis hais txog cov peev txheej zoo li muaj kev sib tham nrog lwm tus neeg kawm paub.
Muab Lwm Lub Sijhawm rau Kev Loj Hlob Los Ntawm Koj Cov Ntawv
Cov nplooj ntawv lossis ntu ua haujlwm ua "daim phiaj" qhia pom cov neeg nyeem nkag los tau lossis cov ntaub ntawv los tshawb nrhiav ntxiv ntawm cov ncauj lus.
Kauj Ruam 2. Sau tus sau lub xeem thiab tus lej nplooj ntawv hauv kab lus
Muab cov lus qhib rau sab xis tom qab nqe lus lossis siv, tab sis ua ntej lub sijhawm kawg ntawm kab lus. Suav nrog tus sau lub npe thiab tus naj npawb nplooj ntawv zoo li no: (Smith 41).
- Xwb, koj tuaj yeem hais txog tus sau lub npe hauv kab ntawv, tom qab ntawd suav nrog tsuas yog cov nplooj ntawv hauv cov lus hais. Piv txwv li: "Smith sib cav tias daim duab yog tus kws kos duab ua tau zoo tshaj plaws (52)."
- Rau Indonesian: "Smith xav tias pleev xim yog tus kws kos duab ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ua haujlwm (52)."
- Yog tias koj tab tom txheeb xyuas qhov chaw sau los ntawm ntau tus kws sau ntawv nrog tib lub xeem, suav nrog lub npe ntawm thawj lub npe hauv cov ntawv sau. Piv txwv li: (A. Smith 24).
- Siv qhov cim tseg yog tias koj tab tom txheeb cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv: (Smith 25-26).
Kauj Ruam 3. Sau txhua tus neeg sau lub xeem lub npe yog tias phau ntawv tau sau los ntawm ob tus neeg
Ntxig lo lus "thiab" (lossis "thiab") nruab nrab ntawm ob lub npe, tom qab ntawd suav nrog tus lej nplooj ntawv: ("Doe thiab Smith 98" lossis "Storia thiab Purwadinata 98"). Koj tseem tuaj yeem hais txog tus sau lub npe hauv kab ntawv, tom qab ntawd suav nrog tsuas yog cov nplooj ntawv hauv kab lus.
Rau cov phau ntawv nrog 3 (lossis ntau dua) tus sau, sau thawj tus sau lub xeem, ntxig tus lej, tom qab ntawd ntxiv kab lus "li al. "(Lossis" lwm yam "). Koj cov ntawv citation yuav tsum zoo li qhov no: ("Smith, li al. 61" lossis "Storia, li al. 61")
Kauj Ruam 4. Suav nrog cov npe luv yog tias koj tab tom txheeb xyuas ntau qhov chaw los ntawm tib tus neeg sau
Txhawm rau qhia meej txog txoj haujlwm lossis kab lus koj tab tom hais, sau tus sau lub xeem, sau tus lej, sau thawj ob peb lo lus ntawm lub npe/qhov chaw, thiab suav nrog tus lej nplooj ntawv. Piv txwv li, yog tias nplooj ntawv siv lossis ntu ntu muaj ntau phau ntawv nkag los ntawm Fyodor Dostoevsky, koj yuav tsim cov ntawv sau hauv kab lus zoo li no: (Dostoevsky, Cov Kwv Tij Karamazov, 232).
Yog tias koj hais ntau qhov chaw los ntawm tus sau tib yam, tab sis tsis suav nrog lub npe ntawm cov lus sau hauv kab lus, cov nyeem yuav tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov chaw koj tab tom hais txog
Kauj Ruam 5. Txuas cov kab lus hauv kab lus thiab nkag nkag
Txij li cov kab ntawv sib dhos thiab cov ntaub ntawv nkag tau pab ib leeg, koj yuav tsum suav nrog ob qho tib si thaum hais txog cov peev txheej. Cov ntawv sau hauv kab lus feem ntau suav nrog tsuas yog tus sau lub npe thiab tus lej nplooj ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nkag siv yuav tsum muaj tus sau cov ntawv sau, lub npe ntawm cov ntawv, tus tshaj tawm, thiab hnub tshaj tawm.
Cov ntawv sau hauv kab ntawv muab cov ntaub ntawv txaus rau cov nyeem kom pom cov npe nkag ntawm nplooj ntawv siv lossis cov phau ntawv keeb kwm. Qhov kev nkag teb chaws tag nrho no tuaj yeem coj cov neeg nyeem mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv koj hais tawm
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Tsim Kev Nkag Mus Nkag lossis Cov Ntaub Ntawv Qhia Txog Yooj Yim
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nkag nrog tus sau lub xeem thiab lub npe
Muab tus lej cim tom qab lub xeem thiab lub sijhawm tom qab lub npe. Yog tias tus neeg sau muaj lub npe nruab nrab, sau nws lub npe tom qab lub npe. Piv txwv li: Kennedy, John F.
Yog tias phau ntawv lossis cov peev txheej nyeem lub npe ntawm lub tuam txhab lossis lub koomhaum, thiab tsis yog lub npe ntawm tus neeg, sau lub npe ntawm lub koomhaum, tom qab ntawd ntxiv sijhawm. Piv txwv li: American Allergy Association
Kauj Ruam 2. Sau lub npe ntawm phau ntawv hauv kab ntawv
Hauv MLA style, lub npe ntawm phau ntawv yuav tsum tau muab sau ua kab lus. Kuj suav nrog cov npe ntawm phau ntawv hauv qhov nkag yog tias muaj. Ntxiv ib lub sijhawm tom qab lub npe.
Txij ntawm no mus, koj cov ntaub ntawv teev npe nkag yuav tsum zoo li no: Rowling, J. K. Harry Potter thiab Sorcerer's Pob Zeb
Kauj Ruam 3. Xaus qhov nkag nrog lub npe ntawm tus tshaj tawm thiab hnub tshaj tawm
Ntxig tus lej cim tom qab tus tshaj tawm lub npe, hais qhia xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm, thiab ntxiv ib lub sijhawm. Hauv kev tshaj tawm yav dhau los ntawm MLA cov lus qhia ua piv txwv, cov kws sau ntawv xav kom suav nrog lub npe ntawm lub nroog tshaj tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, tsab ntawv tshaj tawm tsis ntev los no qhia tias lub nroog cov npe yuav tsum suav nrog rau cov phau ntawv luam tawm ua ntej xyoo 1900.
Qhov kawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau lossis cov ntaub ntawv siv nkag yuav zoo li no: Rowling, J. K. Harry Potter thiab Sorcerer's Pob Zeb. Kev Kawm Txuj Ci, 1999
Kev hloov pauv:
Rau cov phau ntawv luam tawm ua ntej hnub tshaj tawm, suav nrog hnub pib tshaj tawm tom qab lub npe: Fitzgerald, F. Scott. Great Gatsby. 1925. Scribner, 2004.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Txheeb Cov Chaw Uas Muaj Ntau Yam
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau tus sau thib ob lub npe hauv lub npe thawj-lub xeem-lub npe
Rau cov phau ntawv nrog ob tus kws sau ntawv, sau thawj tus neeg sau lub npe hauv lub xeem-lub npe hom ntawv, ntxig tus lej, tom qab ntawd sau cov lus "thiab" lossis "thiab" thiab ". Suav nrog tus sau thib ob lub npe hauv lub npe-lub xeem-lub npe hom ntawv.
- Sau ob lub npe zoo li no: Masterson, Kathleen, thiab Noelle Poremski.
- Rau Indonesian: Storia, Enzy, thiab Hesti Purwadinata.
- Rau cov phau ntawv uas muaj peb lossis ntau tus sau, sau thawj tus sau lub npe, ntxaws tus lej, tom qab ntawd ntxiv kab lus "li al. "Los yog" lwm yam ". Piv txwv li: Masterson, Kathleen, li al.
- Rau Indonesian: Storia, Enzy, li al.
Kauj Ruam 2. Suav nrog lub npe ntawm tus koom nrog tom qab lub npe ntawm phau ntawv
Cov koom nrog hauv phau ntawv suav nrog cov neeg txhais lus, cov kho lus, thiab cov neeg piav qhia. Ntxiv cov kab lus "Txhais los ntawm" ("Txhais los ntawm") lossis "Qhia los ntawm" ("Qhia los ntawm") tag nrho, thiab tsis txhob siv cov ntawv luv rau daim ntawv pab. Ntxig ib lub sijhawm tom qab lub npe ntawm tus kws kho mob, tus neeg txhais lus, lossis tus neeg kos duab.
- Cov ntaub ntawv sau nkag uas muaj cov koom nrog yuav zoo li no: Breton, André. Nadja. 1923. Txhais los ntawm Richard Howard. Grove Xovxwm, 1960.
- Rau Indonesian: Breton, André. Nadja. 1923. Txhais los ntawm Richard Howard. Grove Xovxwm, 1960.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb lub npe ntawm kev sau cov haujlwm tom qab tus sau lub npe
Cia peb hais lub hauv paus uas koj hais yog paj huam lossis sau ntawv hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm keeb kwm. Sau tus sau lub npe, lub npe ntawm cov paj huam lossis sau ntawv (nrog rau hauv cov lus hais), thiab lub npe ntawm anthology (hauv cov ntawv qaij). Suav lub npe ntawm tus kws kho lossis tus neeg txhais lus tom qab lub npe keeb kwm yog tsim nyog, thiab sau tus lej nplooj ntawv tom qab hnub tshaj tawm.
- Piv txwv li: Camus, Albert. "Minotaur, lossis Nres Hauv Oran." Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Sisyphus thiab Lwm Cov Ntawv Sau, txhais los ntawm Justin O'Brien. Vintage International, 1991, pp. 155-84.
- Rau Indonesian: Camus, Albert. "Minotaur, lossis Nres Hauv Oran." Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Sisyphus thiab Lwm Cov Ntawv Sau, txhais los ntawm Justin O'Brien. Vintage International, 1991, p. 155-84.
- Thaum hais tawm kho lossis txhais cov lus anthologies lossis sau, cais cov npe thiab cov npe ntawm lwm tus koom nrog nrog tus lej.
Kauj Ruam 4. Hla lub npe ntawm tus sau thiab tus tshaj tawm yog tias koj tab tom txheeb xyuas cov ntawv siv
Cov phau ntawv txhais lus thiab phau ntawv txhais lus txhais lus sib txawv me ntsis ntawm cov phau ntawv lossis nyeem lawv tau sau rau hauv. Pib nkag nrog cov lus lossis kab lus, muab nws tso rau hauv cov lus hais, tom qab ntawd ntxig lub sijhawm. Sau lub npe ntawm cov ntawv siv, thiab nkag mus rau tsab ntawv thiab xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm.
- Piv txwv li: “Cov ntsiab lus.” Merriam Webster phau ntawv txhais lus Collegiate, 11th ed., 2003.
- Rau Indonesian: "Cov ntsiab lus." Merriam Webster phau ntawv txhais lus Collegiate, 11th ed., 2003.
Kauj Ruam 5. Suav nrog URL yog tias koj nkag mus rau phau ntawv los ntawm internet
Txhawm rau hais tawm cov ntawv hauv tshuab hluav taws xob, hloov tus lej nrog lub sijhawm tom qab hnub tshaj tawm. Nkag mus rau URL (yam tsis muaj ntu "https"), ntxiv lub sijhawm, thiab suav nrog hnub uas cov ntsiab lus tau nkag mus. Sau hnub tim hauv hom ntawv-hli-xyoo, thiab sau luv luv lub hlis.
- Hom ntawv uas koj xav tau siv yog: Tus sau lub npe. Phau ntawv npe. Tus tshaj tawm, xyoo tshaj tawm, URL. Nkag tau los ntawm hnub, hli, xyoo.
- Txog lus Askiv, hloov kab lus "Nkag mus rau" rau "Nkag Tau".
Lub tswv yim
- Sib nrug los ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv txheeb tus kheej, koj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob citation. Koj tuaj yeem mus ntsib https://www.bibme.org/mla/book-citation los tshawb nrhiav phau ntawv uas koj xav hais los ntawm tus sau lub npe, lub npe, lossis tus lej ISBN, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim cov ntawv citation hauv MLA style txiav.
- Kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog MLA-style citation ntawm
