Cov ntsiab lus zoo sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm koj daim ntawv yam tsis tau muab cov ntsiab lus tsis tseem ceeb. Phau ntawv qhia APA (American Psychological Association) muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb rau cov nplooj ntawv tsis muaj ntsiab lus yog li koj yuav tsum paub txog hom ntawv no yog tias koj tab tom sau ntawv APA. Sib nrug ntawm qhov ntawd, muaj lwm cov ntsiab lus kom nco ntsoov txog yuav sau li cas kom paub daws teeb meem. Cov hauv qab no yog yam uas koj yuav tsum paub.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 2: Hom Ntawv Yooj Yim
Kauj Ruam 1. Nco ntsoov tias koj muaj nplooj ntawv nplooj ntawv
Nplooj ntawv nplooj ntawv, tseem hu ua "lub taub hau khiav", yuav tsum suav nrog nyob rau saum toj ntawm txhua nplooj ntawv.
- Cov ntawv luv ntawm koj daim ntawv npe yuav tsum ua raws nrog sab saud sab saud ntawm nplooj ntawv. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov cim yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 50 tus cim, suav nrog cov cim thiab cim cim cim cim cim.
- Txhua tsab ntawv hauv nplooj ntawv nplooj ntawv yuav tsum yog cov ntawv loj.
- Tus naj npawb nplooj ntawv yuav tsum tshwm ntawm sab xis saum toj ntawm nplooj ntawv. APA cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum nyob rau nplooj ntawv thib ob ntawm koj daim ntawv yog li tus lej "2" yuav tsum tshwm nyob rau ntawm kaum tsev.
Kauj Ruam 2. Siv tus qauv txheem
Tshwj tsis yog koj tus kws qhia hais lwm yam, koj yuav tsum siv Times New Roman, loj 12.
Qee tus kws tshaj lij tseem yuav lees txais Arial hauv qhov loj me 10 lossis 12, tab sis koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas nrog koj tus kws tshaj lij ua ntej txiav txim siab xaiv qhov twg
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab ob npaug rau kab ntawv
Txhua cov ntawv hauv qhov paub daws teeb meem yuav tsum yog ob npaug.
- "Ob-qhov chaw" txhais tau tias kab ntawm cov ntawv raug sib cais los ntawm kab uas tsis muaj kab.
- Ntxiv nrog rau qhov paub daws teeb, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv yuav tsum yog ob npaug.
Kauj Ruam 4. Muab lo lus “Abstract” tso rau saum toj ntawm nplooj ntawv
Lo lus no nyob hauv qab nplooj ntawv nplooj ntawv, raws li thawj kab ntawm cov ntawv ib txwm muaj.
- Thawj tsab ntawv ntawm lo lus yog tus ntawv loj, thaum tus so yog tus ntawv me.
- Tsis txhob ua siab tawv, ua kab lus, lossis sau kab lus, thiab tsis txhob siv cov cim sau tseg. Lo lus yuav tsum sawv ib leeg thiab nyob rau hauv kev sau ib txwm muaj.
Kauj Ruam 5. Pib cov ntawv paub daws teeb hauv qab nws
Ntawm kab tom qab lo lus "Abstract", thawj kab ntawm koj cov ntsiab lus tseeb yuav tshwm. Tsis txhob ntxiv qhov chaw thaum pib ntawm kab lus.
Ua kom luv. Tus qauv APA paub daws teeb meem yog 150 txog 250 lo lus ntev thiab sau rau hauv ib kab lus
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua kom tiav nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab cov ntawv paub daws teeb
Yog tias tau hais kom sai, muab cov npe ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj nplooj ntawv tsis paub nyob ntawm kab tom qab cov ntawv sau tsis raug.
- Muab qhov chaw thaum pib ntawm kab lus zoo li pib kab lus tshiab.
- Ntaus lo lus "Keyword" hauv kab ntawv. Tsab ntawv "K" siv cov tsiaj ntawv loj thiab tom qab ntawd yog cov nyuv.
- Ib txoj hnyuv tau ua raws 3 rau 4 lo lus tseem ceeb uas piav qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv. Cov lus tseem ceeb tau sau ua ib txwm thiab ncaj ncees. Txhua lo lus tseem ceeb yuav tsum tshwm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau paub daws teeb. Cais txhua lo lus tseem ceeb nrog tus lej.
Ntu 2 ntawm 2: Sau Tus Abstract Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau koj cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov feeb kawg
Txij li koj cov ntawv sau tseg yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv, koj yuav tsum sau nws thaum daim ntawv tiav.
- Txhawm rau xav txog qhov tseeb tias nws yog cov ntsiab lus, koj cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum siv lub sijhawm tam sim no thaum pom cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov lus xaus, thaum lub sijhawm dhau los yuav tsum tau siv thaum qhia cov txheej txheem thiab ntsuas ntsuas. Tsis txhob siv lub sijhawm yav tom ntej.
- Rov nyeem koj cov ntawv ua ntej sau cov ntsiab lus kom rov ua kom koj nco tau. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub hom phiaj, txoj hauv kev, thaj tsam, cov txiaj ntsig, cov lus xaus, thiab cov lus pom zoo tau hais tseg hauv daim ntawv.
- Sau daim ntawv ntxhib ntawm koj qhov kev paub daws teeb yam tsis tau saib ncaj qha rau ntawm daim ntawv. Qhov no yuav pab koj nthuav dav yam tsis tau theej cov kab lus tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub hom kev paub daws teeb uas koj xav sau
Cov ntawv sau cia tuaj yeem yog xov xwm lossis piav qhia.
- Cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg hais txog lub hom phiaj, txheej txheem, thaj tsam, cov txiaj ntsig, cov lus xaus, thiab cov lus pom zoo hauv koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm. Cov ntawv sau yuav tsum hais txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv kom tus nyeem ntawv txiav txim siab seb puas yuav nyeem tag nrho daim ntawv tshaj tawm. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm cov ntsiab lus yog kwv yees tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 10 feem pua ntawm qhov ntev ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm.
- Cov ntsiab lus piav qhia suav nrog lub hom phiaj, cov txheej txheem, thiab thaj tsam uas tau hais tseg hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm, tab sis tsis muaj cov txiaj ntsig, cov lus xaus, lossis cov lus pom zoo. Qhov kev paub daws teeb meem no tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv APA style thiab feem ntau yog tsawg dua 100 lo lus. Lub hom phiaj yog los qhia cov ncauj lus rau tus nyeem ntawv, qhov tseem ceeb ua rau tus nyeem ntawv nyeem daim ntawv tshaj tawm kom lawv tuaj yeem kawm los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nug koj tus kheej cov lus nug txog daim ntawv
Txhawm rau sau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, qhia paub daws teeb meem, koj yuav tsum nug koj tus kheej ntau yam lus nug txog lub hom phiaj thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm koj txoj haujlwm.
- Piv txwv, nug koj tus kheej tias vim li cas koj thiaj tshawb fawb, koj tau ua dab tsi, koj tau ua li cas, koj pom dab tsi, thiab qhov kev tshawb pom qhia tau li cas.
- Yog tias koj daim ntawv hais txog txoj hauv kev tshiab, nug koj tus kheej txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj hauv kev tshiab thiab nws ua haujlwm tau zoo li cas.
Kauj Ruam 4. Suav nrog tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus siv hauv kev sau ntawv
Cov ntawv sau cia nyob ntawd txhawm rau txheeb xyuas koj cov ntawv kom suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tau siv hauv daim ntawv yog me ntsis zoo li kev tshaj tawm cuav.
- Txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv daim ntawv, nws tseem tsis suav nrog hauv cov ntsiab lus.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj tuaj yeem thiab yuav tsum siv cov lus sib txawv hauv koj qhov kev paub daws teeb meem. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum zoo ib yam li cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim ntawv, tab sis txoj hauv kev txhais cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum sib txawv.
Kauj Ruam 5. Cia tus paub daws teeb sawv ib leeg
Cov ntawv sau yuav tsum tau ua kom sib luag thiab piav qhia hauv txoj hauv kev uas tso cai rau lawv nyeem ntawm lawv tus kheej.
- Zam cov nqe lus zoo li, "Daim ntawv no yuav saib …" Vim tias cov ntsiab lus luv luv, koj yuav tsum txiav lawv ncaj rau qhov tseeb thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj daim ntawv, tsis yog siv kev siv zog piav qhia tias lawv cuam tshuam nrog daim ntawv li cas.
- Tsis txhob rov ua cov kab lus npe vim tias cov ntsiab lus yuav luag ib txwm nyeem nrog lub npe.
- Cov ntawv sau yuav tsum ua kom tiav thiab sawv ib leeg vim tias nplooj ntawv no feem ntau nyeem tsis tau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 6. Tsis txhob tawm tswv yim txog koj qhov kev tshawb pom
Tsis txhob tawm tswv yim txog nws, tshaj tawm koj cov kev tshawb pom.
Koj tuaj yeem thiab yuav tsum hais txog koj qhov kev tshawb pom, tab sis tsis txhob sim ua pov thawj rau lawv. Daim ntawv nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau siv los ua pov thawj qhov kev tshawb pom thiab muab kev txhawb nqa ntxiv, tsis yog kev paub daws teeb meem
Kauj Ruam 7. Tsis txhob siv thawj tus neeg lub npe
Tsis txhob siv "kuv" lossis "peb". Hloov chaw, xaiv tus neeg thib peb ib txwm hais xws li "ntawd", "lawv", "nws", thiab "qee leej".
- Koj kuj tseem yuav tsum ua raws cov lus qhia nquag ntau dua li cov tsis nkag siab.
- Piv txwv li, cov lus muaj zog tshaj plaws rau kev paub daws teeb meem tuaj yeem yog "kev tshawb fawb qhia". Tsis txhob siv cov kab lus zoo li "Kuv tshawb fawb" lossis "qhov no tau tshawb fawb".
Kauj Ruam 8. Tsis txhob siv cov ntawv luv
Txawm hais tias cov ntawv luv thiab cov ntawv luv yuav tshwm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm rau hauv cov ntsiab lus.
