Daim ntawv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev lag luam yog ib daim ntawv uas tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam thiab cov tuam txhab koom nrog hauv nws. Cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam feem ntau yog ib feem ntawm phiaj xwm kev lag luam txhawm rau txiav txim siab tias lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev lag luam los ntawm kev nkag siab txog kev lag luam keeb kwm, kev hloov pauv, kev sib tw, cov khoom lag luam thiab cov neeg siv khoom. Ib qho ntxiv, hom kev tshaj qhia no pab cov tub ua lag luam, cov txhab nyiaj, cov neeg siv khoom kom nkag siab txog cov khoom lag luam. Thaum qhov kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav thiab lub hauv paus rau daim ntawv tshaj tawm tau tsim, koj tau npaj los sau tsab ntawv ceeb toom.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Cov Khoom Siv Tshawb Fawb
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas qhov dav ntawm koj qhov kev tshuaj xyuas
Koj tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam tag nrho lossis tsuas yog ib ntu phiaj los nqis peev tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua lag luam. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam roj av tag nrho lossis ib feem ntawm nws, xws li kev kho roj av. Txawm li cas los xij ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas cov tuam txhab uas muab cov khoom lag luam lossis cov kev pabcuam zoo ib yam li koj li.
Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau ua kev tshawb fawb hla kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, tus tsim cov vis dis aus game yuav xav tau sau cov txheeb cais los ntawm lub console, PC, thiab kev lag luam game game
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshawb nrhiav koj li kev lag luam nrog rau tsoomfwv lub chaw haujlwm ywj pheej
Tsoomfwv cov chaw khaws cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntau txog ntawm ntau yam haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam. Koj tuaj yeem sim hu rau Central Statistics Agency (BPS) kom pom tias lub chaw haujlwm twb muaj cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau lossis yog xav tau kev tshawb fawb tshiab.
Tsis tas li, sim tshawb hauv internet rau cov chaw haujlwm cov ntaub ntawv thiab lwm lub chaw haujlwm los ntawm kev nkag mus rau lo lus tseem ceeb xws li “tsoomfwv cov txheeb cais [lub npe lag luam]” txhawm rau nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam
Kauj Ruam 3. Sau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm koj qhov kev tshawb fawb ywj pheej
Tham nrog tsawg kawg ob daim ntawv tshawb fawb ywj pheej nrog koj cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam. Hu rau cov koom haum khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug lossis koomhaum koomhaum kev lag luam txhawm rau nrhiav cov ntawv tshaj tawm lossis kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam cuam tshuam rau koj li kev tshawb fawb.
Koj tseem tuaj yeem sab laj nrog cov kws tshaj lij hauv koj lub tuam txhab. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias qhov kev ntsuas yuav muaj kev ncaj ncees lossis tsis ntseeg tau
Kauj Ruam 4. Nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv koom nrog cov ntaub ntawv
Tej zaum yuav muaj ntau lub koom haum ua lag luam hauv koj kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj nyob hauv kev lag luam textile, thov nug Indonesian Association Textile Association. Tsis hais txog kev lag luam, tham nrog pab pawg lag luam thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm kev lag luam txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los rau koj kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tham nrog kev tshawb fawb
Saib cov ntaub ntawv kev kawm rau kev tshawb fawb luam tawm hauv thaj chaw tshawb fawb. Koj tuaj yeem sim tshawb hauv Ebsco lossis Sciencedirect rau kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv xov xwm pub dawb.
Kauj Ruam 1. Qhia tias muaj kev lag luam loj rau koj li kev thov lag luam
Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum paub qhov loj ntawm kev lag luam cuam tshuam. Qhov loj ntawm kev ua lag luam yog lub tuam txhab kev muag khoom muaj peev xwm yog nws ntes tag nrho kev ua lag luam. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj muag lub tsheb hluav taws xob, koj li kev lag luam loj tsis yog txhua tus neeg tsav tsheb, lossis cov tib neeg uas mus kev deb thiab yog li tsav tsheb ntau zaus, tab sis tag nrho tag nrho txhua lub tsheb hluav taws xob muag hauv lub xyoo hauv kev kawm.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov kev xav uas koj qhov kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam vam khom. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom lag luam tshiab lossis cov khoom lag luam uas muag sai.
- qhov loj me ntawm kev lag luam yuav tsum raug xam hauv rupiah thiab chav nyob. Piv txwv li, cia peb hais tias kev ua lag luam loj yog $ 2,000,000,000 toj xyoo, lossis 30,000 lub tsheb hluav taws xob.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xav txog kev lag luam
Koj yuav tsum xav txog yam uas tau cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam hloov pauv mus rau niaj hnub no, xws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis, kev sib tw los ntawm lwm lub tuam txhab, thiab cov neeg nyiam saj. Kev tswj hwm cov xwm txheej thiab nyiaj txiag hauv ntiaj teb, qib hauv tebchaws thiab hauv cheeb tsam kuj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Lwm yam los xav txog piv txwv:
- Kev lag luam loj npaum li cas hloov pauv hauv ib xyoos? Tsib xyoos? Kaum xyoo?
- Qhov kev cia siab ntawm kev lag luam loj npaum li cas yog dab tsi?
- Dab tsi yog yam cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam loj hlob? Puas yog cov pej xeem tshiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua lag luam? Puas yog kev hloov pauv pej xeem?
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav txog kev lag luam nkag los lossis nthuav kev lag luam
Cov teeb meem tuaj yeem yog kev sib tw ua lag luam, tab sis lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau tsis txaus ntawm cov peev nyiaj lossis txuj ci, lossis cov cai tswj hwm thiab cov cai patent. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj nkag mus lossis nthuav mus rau hauv cov khoom lag luam microchip, koj yuav xav tau ntau txhiab daus las rupiah tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab tshuab. Dab tsi ntxiv, koj xav tau engineers thiab programmers los tsim thiab tsim cov chips. Lwm lub tuam txhab yuav sib tw tsis tsuas yog ntawm koj cov neeg siv khoom, tab sis kuj ntawm koj cov neeg ua haujlwm. Txhua yam ntawm no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum txiav txim siab teeb meem rau kev nkag mus rau kev lag luam.
Kauj Ruam 4. Muab cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov neeg sib tw loj hauv kev lag luam
Siv cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov nyiaj tau los, cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab cov khoom lag luam. Qhia lawv cov kev lag luam yav dhau los, cov khoom lag luam yav tom ntej, thiab cov tswv yim lag luam. Suav nrog kev tsim khoom, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas kev tswj hwm. Lub tuam txhab tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum ua kom tiav li sai tau; Kev sib tw zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm txhua qhov chaw.
- Puas yog kev sib tw siv daim ntawv tshaj tawm, xov tooj cua, TV, internet, lossis luam tawm? Txoj kev twg yog qhov ua tau zoo? Qhia seb koj lub tuam txhab puas tuaj yeem sib tw nrog lwm cov tuam txhab kev lag luam.
- Paub qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab kawg lossis ua yuam kev los ntawm cov neeg sib tw. Kawm los ntawm kev ua yuam kev thiab ua tiav ntawm cov neeg sib tw.
Kauj Ruam 5. Txiav txim siab koj lub tuam txhab txoj haujlwm hauv kev lag luam
Siv cov txheej txheem tsim, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg sib tw, teeb meem rau kev nthuav dav lossis kev ua haujlwm, kev hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam, thiab muaj cov neeg siv khoom mloog, txhawm rau txiav txim siab lub tuam txhab txoj haujlwm hauv kev lag luam thiab sib piv nws rau cov neeg sib tw. Suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev lag luam thiab ua siab ncaj txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo uas lub tuam txhab ntsib.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Kev Txheeb Xyuas Kev Sau Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib daim ntawv tshaj tawm nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm kev lag luam raug tshuaj xyuas
Qhib nqe lus nrog keeb kwm kev lag luam. Sau ib kab lus lossis ob txog qhov loj me, cov khoom lag luam, thiab thaj tsam thaj tsam ntawm kev lag luam, suav nrog kev tsim khoom thiab cov chaw siv khoom siv. Tom ntej no, qhia koj lub tuam txhab txoj haujlwm nyob hauv cov ntsiab lus kev lag luam loj, thiab ua ntej yuav ua li cas kev lag luam tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua raws li kev thov lag luam saib kom tau txais txiaj ntsig.
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Txiav txim siab txog theem tam sim no ntawm kev lag luam. Puas yog kev lag luam:
- Tsuas yog tshwm? (kev lag luam tseem tshiab heev thiab loj hlob tsawg dua 5% hauv ib xyoos)
- Loj hlob? (kev lag luam loj hlob tsis tu ncua ntau dua 5% hauv ib xyoos)
- Co? (lub tuam txhab yuav dhau los ua kev sib koom ua ke lossis koom ua ke, thiab/lossis lwm lub tuam txhab yuav ntsib kev sib tsoo)
- Paub tab? (tuam txhab kev loj hlob qeeb mus rau tsawg dua 5% hauv ib xyoos)
- Txo? (tsis muaj kev loj hlob nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev)
Kauj Ruam 2. Muab kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam
Qhia kev cia siab rau kev lag luam kev loj hlob, cov khoom lag luam thiab thev naus laus zis, thiab yam cuam tshuam rau kev sib tw. Piav qhia txog kev sib tw toj roob hauv pes. Tus so, txoj kev npaj ua lag luam yuav qhia txog lub xeev ntawm kev sib tw.
Kev lag luam kev noj qab haus huv tau loj hlob sai thiab feem ntau muaj txiaj ntsig nrog cov neeg siv khoom ruaj khov thiab kev lag luam yooj yim nkag mus. Cov tuam txhab yuav tsum zam kev lag luam uas poob qis hauv kev loj hlob, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, muaj kev sib tw siab, lossis nkag mus nyuaj
Kauj Ruam 3. Piav qhia cov neeg siv khoom pom thiab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog pej xeem
Kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam yuav tsum piav qhia tias pawg neeg siv khoom loj tshaj plaws yog leej twg thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua pab pawg. Lub hnub nyoog pes tsawg yog cov neeg siv khoom? Cov haiv neeg thiab haiv neeg twg yog lub hom phiaj? Lawv xav tau dab tsi thiab xav tau dab tsi?
- Muab koj tus kheej tso rau hauv khau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Xav txog dab tsi cov neeg siv khoom pom thiab ntsib thaum lawv ntsib koj cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam thawj zaug. Xav txog qhov kev xav ntawm cov neeg siv khoom hauv kev xaiv cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam.
- Ib qho ntxiv, xav txog koj cov neeg siv khoom tam sim no, xav txog yuav nthuav koj cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam li cas kom nyiam cov neeg siv khoom tshiab thiab khaws cov uas twb muaj lawm los ntawm cov neeg sib tw.
Kauj Ruam 4. Siv kev tshuaj xyuas los npaj tswv yim rau yav tom ntej
Piav qhia lub tswv yim kom ntxaws hauv koj qhov kev thov lag luam. Suav nrog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ncua sij hawm thiab cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb, xws li cov nyiaj tau los thiab kev faib khoom lag luam uas koj xav kom ua tiav. Piav qhia cov tswv yim lag luam, cov tswv yim txhim kho khoom lag luam, thiab teeb meem cov neeg ua haujlwm uas cuam tshuam rau koj lub tuam txhab txoj haujlwm loj hlob hauv kev lag luam.
Thov kaw daim ntawv tshaj tawm nrog cov lus pom zoo. Cov nqe lus xws li "Raws li lub xeev tam sim no ntawm kev ua lag luam, nws raug pom zoo kom ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ua lag luam hauv qab no" ua raws cov lus qhia ntxaws ntawm koj qhov kev thov kom kev hloov pauv mus rau kev npaj dav dav tuaj yeem ua tiav tau zoo
Kauj Ruam 5. Txheeb xyuas koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm
Sib sau koj cov ntawv qhia kom raug rau qhov loj me thiab tswj tau yooj yim. Cov ntawv tshaj tawm kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam feem ntau yog 2-3 nplooj ntawv ntev. Teeb qhov ntev ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm raws li nws tau nthuav tawm. Yog tias daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog ib feem ntawm txoj kev npaj ua lag luam, nws yog lub tswv yim zoo kom khaws cov ntawv tshuaj xyuas luv thiab mus rau lub ntsiab lus. Yog tias daim ntawv tshaj tawm yuav nthuav tawm ntawm nws tus kheej, koj muaj kev ywj pheej ntau dua los tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws thiab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws.
Lub tswv yim
- Txij li kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov ntawv tshaj tawm feem ntau yog ib feem ntawm txoj kev npaj ua lag luam thiab txhais tau hais tias yuav ua li cas lub tuam txhab ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, qhov kawg ntawm koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
- Nco ntsoov ua qhov kev tshawb xyuas tag nrho ua ntej ua tiav daim ntawv tshaj tawm.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam tsis yog ib qho kev tshuaj xyuas nkaus xwb; tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muab nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev txuas ntxiv ntawm lub tuam txhab.
