Malaria yog tshwm sim los ntawm kab mob parasite thiab kis los ntawm tom ntawm tus poj niam yoov tshaj cum kis. Yoov tshaj tawm cov cab tom qab tom tus neeg kis tus kab mob malaria, uas tom qab ntawd kis mus rau lwm tus neeg uas raug tom. Malaria yog kab mob sib kis hauv ntau dua 100 lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb, thiab 3.4 txhiab tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo kis tus kab mob. Kwv yees li 300 lab tus tib neeg tau kis thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo, thiab ntawm qhov ntawd, ib mus rau peb lab yuav tuag. Cov neeg raug tsim txom tshaj plaws yog menyuam yaus uas muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab mob npaws yog ua rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 5 xyoos tuag. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los kho tus mob npaws yog txiav txim siab yog tias koj muaj nws, thiab tom qab ntawv nrhiav kev pab.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Paub txog Malaria
Kauj Ruam 1. Saib xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm malaria
Muaj qee cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum koj muaj mob npaws. Thaum koj muaj mob, tej zaum koj yuav tau ntsib ib lossis ntau ntawm lawv. Cov tsos mob no yog:
- Ua npaws kub heev ntawm 38 txog 40 ° C.
- Txias thiab tshee hnyo
- Mob taub hau
- Tawm hws
- Tsis nco qab tus kheej thiab qhov chaw nyob
- Tsis meej pem
- Mob lub cev
- Gag
- Raws plab
- Cov tawv nqaij daj, lossis daj ntseg, uas tshwm sim thaum cov qe ntshav liab tawg
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub cov chaw uas kis tus mob npaws
Muaj qee qhov hauv ntiaj teb uas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov muaj mob malaria, uas hu ua malaria endemic countries. Cov tebchaws no npog feem ntau ntawm Africa tshwj tsis yog rau thaj tsam sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb, thaj tsam yav qab teb thiab nruab nrab ntawm South America, Is Nrias teb thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig, thiab cov tebchaws ntawm Pacific Islands. Kab mob npaws kuj tseem muaj, tab sis tsis kis, hauv ib feem ntawm Asia, sab hnub poob Mexico, thiab thaj chaw feem ntau ntawm Central America.
- Txawm hais tias muaj kab mob sib kis, mob npaws tsis tshua pom muaj nyob hauv thaj chaw siab dua saum hiav txwv thiab hav suab puam, tshwj tsis yog hauv oases. Malaria kuj tsis tshua muaj thaum lub caij txias.
- Cov cheeb tsam uas nyob ze qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ib txwm kub nyob rau xyoo puag ncig, thiab qhov ntawd txhais tau tias mob npaws yog ntau dua thiab cov neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam tuaj yeem ntes nws txhua lub sijhawm.
Kauj Ruam 3. Tos kom txog thaum pom cov tsos mob
Lub sijhawm tsim tawm, uas yog lub sijhawm ua ntej cov tsos mob ntawm tus kabmob tshwm sim, feem ntau yog 7 txog 30 hnub txij li lub sijhawm koj raug yoov tshaj cum kis. Muaj ntau hom kab mob npaws malaria uas tsis tiv thaiv thiab tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob txog li plaub xyoos tom qab yoov tshaj cum tom. Lub sijhawm no, cov kab mob cab nyob hauv lub siab, tabsis thaum kawg nws yuav tawm tsam cov qe ntshav liab.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tau txais kev kuaj mob
Koj tuaj yeem kuaj pom tus mob malaria nyob qhov twg los xij. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem paub thiab paub txog cov tsos mob. Rau kev kuaj mob lub hom phiaj, koj cov ntshav yuav raug kos thiab ntsuas hauv qab lub tsom iav. Tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas kab mob hauv cov qe ntshav liab. Qhov kev ntsuas no yog qhov tseeb vim tias koj tuaj yeem pom cov cab nyob hauv cov qe ntshav.
- Qhov kev sim no nyuaj los ntawm cov tib neeg uas poob rau lwm tus kab mob khaub thuas thaum muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob npaws.
- Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov kws kho mob tsis tau kawm txog kev kho cua sov yog li 60% ntawm kev kuaj mob malaria tau ploj mus.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ceev faj txog kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb
Cerebral malaria yog qhov tshwm sim lig ntawm malaria. Cov kab mob npaws npaws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov hlab ntshav-lub hlwb uas yog ib qho teeb meem phem tshaj plaws hauv malaria. Cov neeg raug mob ntawm lub paj hlwb malaria tuaj yeem tsis nco qab, muaj qaug dab peg, tsis nco qab, coj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, thiab muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev txais tos.
Mus ntsib tsev kho mob tam sim yog tias koj xav tias koj muaj kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Tiv Thaiv thiab Kho Kab Mob Malaria
Kauj Ruam 1. Ceev faj
Muaj ob peb kauj ruam uas tuaj yeem ua los tiv thaiv tus mob npaws, tshwj xeeb yog hauv cov tebchaws uas muaj tus mob npaws. Thaum ua haujlwm lossis pw sab nraum lub tsev, siv yoov tshaj cum. Cov yoov tshaj cum yuav ua rau yoov yoov tsis txhob tom koj. Tsis tas li, sim tshem lossis zam dej sawv. Cov dej tsis tu ncua yog thaj chaw rau yoov tshaj cum. Nco ntsoov tias koj tseem siv tshuaj yoov tshaj cum ntau yog tias koj npaj yuav siv sijhawm sab nraud yam tsis muaj ntaub thaiv lossis cov yoov tshaj cum.
Kauj Ruam 2. Noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Yog tias koj tab tom mus rau thaj tsam uas muaj mob npaws, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob yam tsawg li plaub txog rau rau lub lim tiam ua ntej tawm mus. Cov kws kho mob yuav sau tshuaj uas tiv thaiv kab mob npaws los pab txo txoj kev kis mob.
Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj ua ntej, thaum lub sijhawm, thiab tom qab rov qab los ntawm kev mus ncig
Kauj Ruam 3. Kho tus mob npaws
Qhov tseem ceeb los kho tus mob npaws yog nrhiav kom paub ntxov. Nrhiav tus kws kho mob kuaj mob tsis pub dhau 24-72 teev ntawm koj xav tias muaj tus kab mob lossis thaum cov tsos mob pib tshwm. Muaj ntau yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem siv tau, uas yuav tsum tau noj tsawg kawg yog xya hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm koj noj koj cov tshuaj nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm koj kis mob hnyav npaum li cas thiab kis tus kab mob npaws nyob hauv koj lub cev li cas. Txhua yam tshuaj malaria muaj kev nyab xeeb rau menyuam yaus. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav yuav cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- Mefloquine
- Atovaquone-proquinal
- Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine
- Quinine
- Clindamycin
- Doxycycline
- Chloroquine
- Primaquine
- Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, tab sis nws qhov ua tau zoo tseem tsis tau lees paub
Kauj Ruam 4. Nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim
Yog tias koj nyob hauv ib lub tebchaws uas tsis mob npaws, xws li Tebchaws Meskas, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj tshwj xeeb. Yog tias koj kub taub hau tom qab koj mus rau thaj chaw muaj kab mob npaws, mus ntsib ER lossis kws kho mob lub tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Qhia lawv tias koj tuaj qhov twg tuaj thiab koj xav tias koj muaj mob npaws kom koj tuaj yeem kho tam sim ntawd.
- Kev ncua sijhawm kuaj mob tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Kwv yees li 60% ntawm kev kuaj mob ncua vim tias kws kho mob yuam kev malaria rau lwm tus kab mob. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kuaj mob tsis raug, faib cov chaw koj tau mus ntsib nyob rau xyoo tas los lossis ob xyoos.
- Yog tias koj kis tus mob npaws, koj yuav mus pw hauv tsev kho mob kom koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug.
Lub tswv yim
- Cov mob malaria tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub rau tus menyuam hauv plab, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem kis los ntawm niam mis.
- Koj yuav tsum tau so thiab tsaug zog los pab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev tsis tsaug zog yog txuas rau kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem rov zoo tuaj.
- Malaria tsis tuaj yeem kis los ntawm kev kov. Yog li, tsis txhob txhawj koj yuav ntes nws tsuas yog kov.
- Tsis ntev los no tau pom zoo txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov menyuam yaus hauv thaj chaw muaj kab mob npaws hauv tebchaws Africa. Los ntawm cov chaw haujlwm xws li UNICEF, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tau cog lus tias yuav tiv thaiv kev tuag tus kabmob npaws hauv tebchaws Africa. Hauv kev sim ntxiv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no kuj tseem yuav pom zoo siv rau cov neeg laus.
