Kev sib piv yog cov lej ua lej uas sawv cev rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tus lej, qhia tias muaj pes tsawg zaus tus nqi muaj lossis muaj nyob hauv lwm tus nqi. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev sib piv yog kev sib piv ntawm txiv apples rau txiv kab ntxwv hauv pob tawb txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kev paub yuav ua li cas los sib piv tuaj yeem pab peb nkag siab ntau lub tswv yim, xws li muaj pes tsawg cov khoom xyaw ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv qhia yog tias peb xav tau ob npaug ntawm qhov loj me, lossis pes tsawg cov khoom noj txom ncauj yuav tsum tau muab rau qee tus qhua. Txhawm rau nrhiav seb yuav ua li cas thiaj sib piv, ua raws cov theem no.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Sib Piv
Kauj Ruam 1. Siv cov cim los sawv cev rau kev sib piv
Txhawm rau qhia tias peb tab tom siv kev sib piv, siv kev faib (/), txoj hnyuv (:), lossis rau. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav hais tias, "Rau txhua tsib tus tub ntawm tog, muaj peb tus ntxhais," koj tuaj yeem siv ib ntawm ob lub cim los qhia qhov no. Zoo li no:
- 5 tub / 3 ntxhais
- 5 tug tub: 3 tug ntxhais
- 5 tug tub rau 3 tug ntxhais
Kauj Ruam 2. Sau kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm thawj qhov khoom sib piv rau sab laug ntawm lub cim
Sau qhov ntau ntawm thawj yam khoom ua ntej lub cim. Koj kuj tseem yuav tsum tau hais qhia chav tsev, nws yog txiv neej lossis poj niam, nqaij qaib lossis tshis, kilometers lossis centimeters.
Piv txwv: 20 g hmoov
Kauj Ruam 3. Sau kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm qhov khoom thib ob rau sab xis ntawm lub cim
Tom qab koj tau sau qhov ntau ntawm thawj cov khoom ua raws li lub cim, sau qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom thib ob, tom qab ntawd los ntawm chav tsev.
Piv txwv: 20 g hmoov/8 g suab thaj
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua kom yooj yim rau koj qhov kev sib piv (xaiv tau)
Tej zaum koj yuav xav ua kom yooj yim rau koj qhov kev sib piv los tsim cov nplai zoo li hauv daim ntawv qhia. Yog tias koj siv 20 g hmoov rau daim ntawv qhia, koj paub tias koj xav tau 8 g suab thaj, ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav khaws koj cov kev sib piv kom yooj yim li sai tau, koj yuav tsum sau cov kev sib piv no hauv daim ntawv qis tshaj plaws. Koj yuav siv cov txheej txheem ib yam li ua kom yooj yim feem. Qhov ua kom yuam kev yog nrhiav GCF (Qhov Loj Tshaj Plaws) ntawm ob qhov ua ntej, tom qab ntawd faib txhua qhov los ntawm GCF.
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Txhawm rau nrhiav GCF ntawm 20 thiab 8, sau tag nrho cov xwm txheej ntawm ob tus lej no (tus lej uas tuaj yeem muab sib tshooj los tsim cov lej no thiab faib lawv sib npaug) thiab nrhiav tus lej loj tshaj uas tau faib los ntawm ob qho no. Nov yog li cas:
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20: 1, 2,
Kauj ruam 4., 5, 10, 20
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8: 1, 2,
Kauj ruam 4., 8
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- 4 yog GCF ntawm 20 thiab 8, tus lej loj tshaj uas faib ob tus lej no sib npaug. Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim rau koj kev sib piv, faib ob tus lej los ntawm 4:
- 20/4 = 5
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8/4 = 2
Koj qhov piv tshiab tam sim no yog 5 g hmoov/2 g suab thaj
Kauj Ruam 5. Hloov qhov piv rau feem pua (xaiv tau)
Yog tias koj xav hloov qhov piv rau feem pua, ua raws cov theem no:
- Faib thawj tus lej los ntawm tus lej thib ob. Piv txwv: 5/2 = 2, 5.
- Sib npaug qhov tshwm sim los ntawm 100. Piv txwv: 2, 5 * 100 = 250.
- Ntxiv ib feem cim. 250 + % = 250 %.
- Qhov no qhia tau tias rau txhua chav tsev qab zib, muaj 2.5 units ntawm hmoov, lossis muaj 250% hmoov qab zib.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Cov Lus Qhia Ntxiv Txog Kev Sib Piv
Kauj Ruam 1. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau tsis tseem ceeb
Kev sib piv qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob qhov ntau. "5 txiv apples rau 3 pears" sib npaug "3 pears rau 5 txiv apples". Yog li, 5 txiv apples/3 pears = 3 pears/5 txiv apples.
Kauj Ruam 2. Kev sib piv kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los piav qhia qhov tshwm sim
Piv txwv, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tau txais 2 ntawm dov lub tsuav yog 1/6, lossis ib qho ua tau rau rau xwm txheej. Nco tseg: yog tias koj siv kev sib piv los nthuav qhia qhov yuav tshwm sim, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau yog qhov teeb meem.
Kauj Ruam 3. Koj tuaj yeem nthuav dav qhov sib piv thaum koj nthuav tawm
Thaum koj tuaj yeem siv los ua kom yooj yim rau nws, nthuav dav ntawm qhov sib piv kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab tau. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tau 2 khob dej rau txhua lub khob ntawm cov nplej zom koj rhaub (2 khob dej/1 khob nplej zom), thiab koj xav kom rhaub 2 khob nplej zom, koj yuav tsum nthuav cov piv txwv kom pom li cas xav tau dej ntau. Txhawm rau nthuav dav kev sib piv, sib npaug thawj thiab ob qhov ntau los ntawm tus lej.
