Nyeem cov phau ntawv hauv APA hom ntawv yeej zoo ib yam li hais lwm phau ntawv hauv hom ntawv ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, cov phau ntawv feem ntau muaj cov neeg kho dua tshiab thiab kho dua tshiab yog li koj yuav tsum tau ua cov kauj ruam ntxiv los txheeb xyuas lawv kom raug.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Siv APA Style los Cite Textbooks with Author
Kauj Ruam 1. Ntxiv lub npe ntawm tus sau lossis tus sau ua ntej
Sau tus sau lub xeem, tus sau thawj zaug, tom qab ntawv nws nruab nrab. Txog cov phau ntawv raug kho, sau lub npe ntawm tus kws kho mob hauv tib hom ntawv, tom qab ntawd ntxig “Ed” rau ib tus neeg kho thiab “Eds” rau ntau tus kho tom qab lub npe. Yog tias phau ntawv muaj tus sau thiab cov ntaub ntawv kho, sau tus sau ua ntej, ua raws xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab npe. Tom qab ntawd, ntxiv cov npe ntawm cov neeg kho.
- Format: Author, UA
- Piv txwv ntawm cov phau ntawv kho: Duncan, GJ, & Brooks-Gunn, J. (Eds.).
- Piv txwv ntawm phau ntawv kho nrog cov ntaub ntawv sau meej: Plath, S. (2000). Cov ntawv xov xwm tsis muaj kev txwv. K. V. Kukil (Ed.).
Kauj Ruam 2. Nkag mus rau xyoo tshaj tawm
Muab lub xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm tso rau hauv kab ntawv tom qab tus sau lub npe, thiab xaus nrog lub sijhawm.
- Format: Author, UA (xyoo tshaj tawm).
- Piv txwv: Smith, P. (2012).
Kauj Ruam 3. Suav nrog lub npe ntawm phau ntawv
Sau lub npe ntawm phau ntawv hauv kab ntawv. Siv cov tsiaj ntawv loj rau thawj tsab ntawv hauv lub npe. Ntxiv cov nyuv yog tias muaj cov ntawv me me, sau ua thawj tsab ntawv ntawm kab ntawv, thiab sau txhua yam hauv kab ntawv.
- Format: Author, UA (xyoo tshaj tawm). Phau ntawv npe: Subtitle
- Piv txwv: Smith, P. (2012). Txiav mus rau qhov caum qab: Kev kho vis dis aus online thiab Wadsworth tas li
Kauj Ruam 4. Sau cov ntawv ntawm phau ntawv
Tsis txhob sau tsab ntawv hauv phau ntawv qaij. Cov ntawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv tom qab lub npe lossis cov ntawv me me (yog tias muaj). Ntxiv ib lub sijhawm thaum kawg ntawm tsab ntawv.
- Hom ntawv: Tus sau lub xeem, lub npe pib ua ntej. Cov ntawv pib nruab nrab. (xyoo tshaj tawm). Phau ntawv lub npe: Subtitle (luam tus lej, nrog tus lej lej rau Askiv lossis "th th" rau Indonesian, tsis muaj sijhawm tom qab).
- Piv txwv: Smith, P. (2012). Txiav mus rau qhov caum qab: Online kho cov vis dis aus thiab Wadsworth tas li (thib 3 ed.).
- Piv txwv (Indonesian): Lestari, D. (2012). Supernova: Xob Laim (3rd ed.).
Kauj Ruam 5. Xaus qhov kev hais tawm nrog qhov chaw nyob thiab lub npe ntawm tus tshaj tawm
Rau qhov chaw nyob, siv lub nroog lossis cheeb tsam lub npe. Yog tias koj xav tau ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv hauv xeev hauv Tebchaws Meskas, siv ob lo lus luv rau lub xeev yam tsis muaj sijhawm (piv txwv li "AZ" rau Arizona lossis "NY" rau New York). Muab tus nyuv nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw nyob thiab lub npe tshaj tawm, tom qab ntawd ntxiv lub sijhawm tom qab nws.
- Hom ntawv: Tus sau lub xeem, lub npe pib. Cov ntawv pib nruab nrab. (xyoo tshaj tawm). Phau ntawv lub npe: Subtitle (luam tawm tus lej, nrog cov lej ua lus Askiv.) Lub Nroog, Xeev (yog tias muaj): Publisher.
- Piv txwv: Smith, P. (2012). Txiav mus rau qhov caum qab: Online kho cov vis dis aus thiab Wadsworth tas li (thib 3 ed.). Washington, DC: E&K Publishing.
- Piv txwv (Indonesian): Lestari, D. (2012). Supernova: Xob Laim (3rd ed.). Sleman: Toj roob hauv pes toj roob hauv pes
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Siv APA Style los Cite E-Books
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau lub npe ntawm tus sau/tus sau, xyoo tshaj tawm, npe, thiab luam tawm phau ntawv
Thawj feem ntawm kev txheeb xyuas phau ntawv online yog zoo ib yam li cov kauj ruam txhawm rau txheeb xyuas phau ntawv luam tawm. Tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau sab laug yog qhov chaw nyob thiab lub npe ntawm tus tshaj tawm.
Hom ntawv: Tus sau lub xeem, lub npe pib. Cov ntawv pib nruab nrab. (xyoo tshaj tawm). Phau ntawv npe
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntxiv qhov URL siv los nkag rau phau ntawv
Thaum kawg ntawm kab lus, sau "Rov qab los ntawm", tom qab ntawd suav nrog qhov URL.
- Piv txwv: James, H. (2009). Cov ambassadors. Tau txais los ntawm
- Piv txwv (Indonesian): Lestari, D. (2012). Supernova: Xob laim. Muab los ntawm
- Rau cov phau ntawv kawm nrog rau cov khoos kas, teev cov khoos kas no. Piv txwv: George, D., & Mallery, P. (2002). SPSS rau Windows ib kauj ruam zuj zus: Phau ntawv qhia yooj yim thiab siv (4th ed., 11.0 Hloov Kho). Tau txais los ntawm
- Piv txwv hauv Indonesian: George, D., & Mallery, P. (2002). SPSS rau Windows ib kauj ruam zuj zus: Phau ntawv qhia yooj yim thiab siv (ntu thib plaub, version 11.0). Tau txais los ntawm
Kauj Ruam 3. Ntxiv tus lej doi yog tias muaj
Yog tias muaj tus lej doi rau phau ntawv online kom hais (tus lej no yog qhov tseem ceeb "tus lej kev nyab xeeb" rau phau ntawv lub vev xaib), koj yuav tsum suav nrog nws.
- Tus lej doi feem ntau pom ntawm thawj nplooj ntawv, nyob ze cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug lossis ntawm qhov chaw tsaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv los nkag rau phau ntawv.
- Piv txwv: Rodriguez-Garcia, R., & White, EM (2005). Kev ntsuas tus kheej hauv kev tswj hwm cov txiaj ntsig: Ua tus ntsuas tus kheej rau kev txhim kho cov kws kho mob. doi: 10.1596/9780-82136148-1
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Tsim Kev Sau Npe Hauv Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv kab ntawv
Koj yuav tsum tau hais tawm phau ntawv ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv siv los ntawm phau ntawv hauv cov ntawv/ntawv uas tau tsim.
- Qhia tus sau hauv kab lus. Ib txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas phau ntawv hauv APA hom ntawv yog los qhia tus kws sau ua kab lus. Siv tsuas yog tus sau lub xeem. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv sau tsis muaj, tab sis koj muaj cov ntaub ntawv kho, siv tus editor lub npe. Xaus nrog lub xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm (hauv kab lus).
- Piv txwv: Raws li Smith, txoj kev xav tsis nkag siab (2000). Piv txwv tom ntej: Clark thiab Hernandez ntseeg lwm yam (1994).
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntxiv cov lus ncaj qha los ntawm cov ntawv hauv koj kab lus
Yog tias koj siv cov lus hais los yog kab lus ncaj qha los ntawm phau ntawv, koj kuj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kab lus.
- Suav nrog tus lej nplooj ntawv tom kawg ntawm kab lus (siv "p." Lus Askiv lossis "hal." Rau Indonesian).
- Piv txwv: Raws li Jones (1998), "Cov tub ntxhais kawm feem ntau nyuaj siv APA style, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws yog lawv thawj zaug" (p. 199).
- Piv txwv (Indonesian): Raws li Budiningsih (2008), "Kev tuav cov ntaub pua chaw kom raug tuaj yeem txuag tau nqi tsev noj mov" (p. 28).
Kauj Ruam 3. Suav cov ntaub ntawv sau rau hauv kab ntawv (hauv kab lus)
Yog tias koj tsis suav cov ntaub ntawv sau hauv kab lus, koj yuav tsum ntxiv tus sau lub xeem hauv kab lus tom qab cov lus ncaj qha lossis "qiv" cov ntawv los ntawm phau ntawv keeb kwm. Yog tias muaj ntau tus kws sau ntawv, sau lawv txhua tus. Muab tus lej cim tom qab lub xeem lub npe, tom qab ntawd ntxiv xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm.
- Piv txwv: Ua tsaug rau kev tshawb fawb, qhov no tau ua pov thawj tsis raug (Johnson, 2008).
- Qhov kev tshawb fawb no qhia qhov tsis sib xws (Smith, Johnson & Hernandez, 1999).
