Feem ntau cov chav kawm Indonesian thiab Lus Askiv hauv tsev kawm theem pib thiab theem ob xav kom cov tub ntxhais kawm ua tiav daim ntawv nyeem phau ntawv qhia. Feem ntau, nws nyuaj heev kom paub tias yuav suav nrog dab tsi thiab tsis suav nrog hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm. Cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem qhia tus nyeem ntawv txog yam khoom thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv koj nyeem hauv koj tus kheej cov lus. Nyob ntawm qhov haujlwm uas koj tus kws qhia tau muab rau koj, koj yuav tsum tau muab koj lub tswv yim hais txog phau ntawv, raws li qhov koj nyiam thiab tsis nyiam txog nws. Yog tias koj npaj me ntsis, sau cov ntsiab lus rau kev nyeem phau ntawv qhia yog tsis muaj dab tsi ntshai!
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Npaj Phau Ntawv Qhia Nyeem Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Xaiv phau ntawv uas tsim nyog
Koj tus kws qhia ntawv yuav muab phau ntawv rau koj, lossis muab cov npe phau ntawv uas koj tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm. Yog tias nws tsis qhia koj tshwj xeeb tias yuav siv phau ntawv twg, koj tuaj yeem nug tus kws sau ntawv kom qhia phau ntawv uas haum rau txoj haujlwm.
Yog tias ua tau, xaiv cov phau ntawv raws cov ncauj lus uas koj nyiam. Koj yuav hnov yooj yim dua nyeem nws
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua kom koj nkag siab txoj haujlwm
Koj tus kws qhia ntawv tuaj yeem muab cov haujlwm lossis haujlwm ib ncig ntawm cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb ntawm daim ntawv qhia nyeem phau ntawv. Nco ntsoov tias koj ua raws txhua cov lus qhia tau muab, xws li qhov ntev ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm thiab yuav suav nrog dab tsi hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm.
- Tsis txhob cuam tshuam txog kev nyeem phau ntawv qhia nrog kev tshuaj xyuas phau ntawv. Ib phau ntawv nyeem cov ntawv tshaj tawm tag nrho phau ntawv thiab suav nrog koj lub tswv yim ntawm phau ntawv, tab sis feem ntau nws tsom mus rau qhov tseeb ntau ntxiv txog phau ntawv. Phau ntawv tshuaj xyuas feem ntau piav qhia txog phau ntawv hais dab tsi thiab ntsuas seb phau ntawv ua haujlwm li cas.
- Yog koj muaj lus nug, nug koj tus kws qhia ntawv. Nug cov lus nug thaum koj tsis nkag siab qee yam zoo dua li sim daws qhov teeb meem koj tus kheej tab sis cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo li koj tus xib fwb qhov kev cia siab.
Kauj Ruam 3. Sau ntawv thaum koj nyeem phau ntawv
Nws yooj yim dua rau kev sau phau ntawv nyeem daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog tias koj sau cov khoom tseem ceeb thaum koj nyeem, tsis yog sim ua kom nco txhua yam thaum kawg. Thaum koj nyeem, sau qee cov ntawv sau tseg txog cov hauv qab no:
- Cim. Yog tias koj phau ntawv yog ntawv tseeb (lossis cov ntawv sau keeb kwm lossis sau cia), nrhiav seb leej twg yog tus cim tseem ceeb. Lawv zoo li cas? Lawv txoj haujlwm yog dabtsi? Lawv puas txawv txawv thaum kawg ntawm zaj dab neeg dua li thaum pib? Koj puas nyiam lawv?
- Keeb kwm yav dhau Pawg no tshwm ntau dua hauv cov ntawv dab neeg. Kev teeb tsa phau ntawv yog qhov chaw thiab sijhawm uas zaj dab neeg tshwm sim (piv txwv li, qhov teeb tsa tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv tshiab Lupus yog tsev kawm ntawv). Kev teeb tsa muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov cim thiab zaj dab neeg.
- Dab neeg. Dab tsi tshwm sim hauv phau ntawv? Leej twg ua dab tsi? Qhov twg (pib, nruab nrab, kawg) ua qhov tseem ceeb tshwm sim? Puas muaj "cov ntsiab lus tig" hauv zaj dab neeg uas ua rau tej yam txawv dua li ua ntej? Zaj dab neeg raug daws li cas? Koj nyiam qhov twg tshaj plaws txog zaj dab neeg?
- Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb/ntsiab lus. Muaj qhov sib txawv rau pawg no hauv cov ntawv tsis tseeb thiab cov dab neeg. Cov ntawv tsis tseeb muaj lub tswv yim tseem ceeb heev, zoo li qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm keeb kwm. Rau cov ntawv tseeb, yuav muaj lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas ntws thoob plaws hauv zaj dab neeg. Xav txog qhov no thaum piav txog yam koj tau kawm los ntawm phau ntawv uas koj tsis tau paub ua ntej. Nws yuav yooj yim dua yog tias koj sau cov ntawv sau tseg hauv txhua tshooj.
- Tsocai Phau ntawv nyeem nyeem ntawv zoo tsis tsuas yog qhia, tab sis qhia. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj nyiam tus kws sau ntawv zoo, koj tuaj yeem siv cov lus hais los ntawm phau ntawv uas qhia tias vim li cas koj nyiam nws. Cov lus hais uas tuaj yeem nthuav qhia tag nrho lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv kuj tseem siv tau. Koj tsis tas yuav siv txhua nqe lus uas koj sau hauv koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm, tab sis sau txhua nqe lus uas ua rau koj lub qhov muag.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Nyeem Ntawv Phau Ntawv Nyeem Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav txim siab yuav npaj koj li kev nyeem phau ntawv qhia li cas
Koj tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tau muab txoj cai sau tshwj xeeb rau koj, thiab yog li, koj yuav tsum ua raws lawv. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev yooj yim los npaj phau ntawv qhia nyeem ntawv:
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Npaj cov ntawv qhia los ntawm tshooj. Yog tias koj npaj koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm zoo li no, koj yuav txav los ntawm ib tshooj mus rau lwm qhov. Koj kuj tseem yuav tau piav qhia ntau tshooj hauv txhua nqe lus.
- Pros: Koj tuaj yeem siv sijhawm raws sijhawm, uas tuaj yeem pab tau thaum koj sau cov phau ntawv nrog ntau cov ntsiab lus.
- Cons: Hom kev npaj no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyuaj dua yog tias koj yuav tsum piav qhia ntau tshooj hauv ib nqe lus.
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Npaj cov ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ("thematic" teeb tsa). Yog tias koj npaj koj daim ntawv no li no, koj tuaj yeem sau ib kab lus hais txog cov cim, ib lossis ob kab lus hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm zaj dab neeg, ib nqe lus hais txog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb, thiab ib nqe lus hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj kev xav txog phau ntawv.
- Pros: Koj tuaj yeem sau ntau cov ntsiab lus piav qhia hauv qhov chaw me me. Cov kab lus no tau sib cais meej, yog li koj paub yuav piav qhia dab tsi hauv txhua kab lus.
- Qhov tsis zoo: Qhov teeb tsa no yuav tsis haum yog tias koj txoj haujlwm feem ntau hais txog phau ntawv sau dua koj li kev xav.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tsim tus qauv
Tus txheej txheem no yuav pab koj sau cov ntawv sau tseg. Sau tag nrho koj cov ntawv sau rau hauv kab lus no nyob ntawm seb koj npaj koj li kab lus li cas.
- Txog sijhawm raws sijhawm: Muab txhua phau ntawv tshooj cais ntu hauv koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm. Sau cov dab neeg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab kev txhim kho tus yam ntxwv uas tshwm sim hauv txhua tshooj.
- Rau qhov kev txiav txim thematic: Muab koj cov ntawv sau rau ntau yam xws li, cim, zaj dab neeg, thiab lub tswv yim tseem ceeb, cais ua ntu ntu. Txhua lub ntsiab lus yuav dhau los ua kab lus.
- Thaum koj sau koj thawj daim ntawv, xav txog cov ntsiab lus uas ua rau zaj dab neeg, vim tias lawv yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv zaj dab neeg. Koj tuaj yeem muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv thaum kho koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm, yog tias koj xav tau.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias koj raug nug kom sau cov ntawv tshiab hauv chav kawm Askiv, ntau yam tshwm sim hauv Suzanne Collins 'Hunger Games, tab sis koj tsis tuaj yeem tham txog txhua yam. Yog li ntawd, tsom mus rau kev txav mus los tag nrho ntawm zaj dab neeg. Pib los ntawm kev piav qhia tias Kev Npau Suav Ua Si yog dab tsi thiab xaiv Katniss thiab Peeta li cas. Tom qab ntawd, piav qhia lawv lub sijhawm ntawm Capitol, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev txhawb nqa ua haujlwm li cas. Tom qab ntawd, piav qhia lub sijhawm tseem ceeb thaum Lub Sij Hawm Ua Si, xws li thaum Katniss hlawv nws txhais ceg, tus neeg taug qab-tawm tsam, Rue tuag, hnia hauv qhov tsua, sib ntaus zaum kawg nrog Cato, thiab xaiv noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lom. Tom qab ntawd, xaus qhov luv luv piav qhia lub sijhawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov kawg ntawm zaj dab neeg.
Kauj Ruam 3. Sau kab lus qhia ua ntej
Kev taw qhia rau tsab ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsum muab tus nyeem ntawv lub tswv yim yooj yim txog zaj dab neeg ntawm phau ntawv. Kab lus no tseem muab qee cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov cim thiab/lossis lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm zaj dab neeg. Koj tsis tas yuav muab ntau yam ntxaws hauv ntu no; Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv txaus kom cov nyeem paub dab tsi tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm no.
- Muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tshaj tawm phau ntawv, suav nrog lub npe, tus sau, xyoo tshaj tawm, thiab hom ntawv. Koj tus kws qhia ntawv yuav hais kom koj nkag mus rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Yog tias koj phau ntawv tau sau los ntawm ib tus neeg tseem ceeb, yeej khoom plig, lossis yog tus muag khoom zoo, tseem muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov khoom ntawd.
- Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus ntawm Andrea Hirata Laskar Pelangi zaj dab neeg tuaj yeem sau raws li hauv qab no: "Phau ntawv hluas los ntawm Andrea Hirata muaj cai Laskar Pelangi tau luam tawm los ntawm Bentang Pustaka xyoo 2005. Phau ntawv no tau txais khoom plig ntawm New York Book Festival hauv 2013. Zaj dab neeg Nws tau teeb tsa hauv Muhammadiyah lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv Belitung uas muaj tag nrho cov kev txwv. Cov cim ntawm cov ntawv tshiab no, uas yog Ikal, Lintang, Sahara, Mahar, A Kiong, Syahdan, Kucai, Borek, Trapani, thiab Harun, mus rau tsev kawm ntawv thiab kawm hauv ib qib ib los ntawm qib 1 lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib txog qib 3 cov tsev kawm theem siab, thiab hu lawv tus kheej li Zaj sawv pab tub rog. Zaj dab neeg zoo nkauj no tau piav qhia hauv kev lom zem thiab kov tau los ntawm Andrea Hirata. Peb tseem tuaj yeem hnov lub siab thaum yau ntawm kaum tus tswv cuab Laskar Pelangi no."
- Txog cov ntawv tsis muaj tseeb, suav nrog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb lossis lub hom phiaj ntawm tus neeg sau phau ntawv. Qhia seb tus kws sau ntawv thesis yog dab tsi. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus luv luv ntawm tag nrho zaj dab neeg rau Chairul Tanjung: Tus Menyuam Cassava yuav zoo li no: "Tjahja Gunawan Diredja tau hais txog kev tawm tsam ntawm ib tus neeg hauv tebchaws, Chairul Tanjung, hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm muaj npe Chairul Tanjung: Tus Menyuam Cassava. Phau ntawv no tau luam tawm los ntawm Kompas xyoo 2012. Tjahja Gunawan xav txhawb cov tub ntxhais hluas los ntawm zaj dab neeg ntawm Chairul Tanjung txoj kev tawm tsam pib nws txoj kev lag luam txij thaum nws tseem hluas”.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tsim kab lus tseem ceeb
Pib nrog koj tus qauv, tsim cov kab lus tseem ceeb uas suav nrog feem ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv. Koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem suav tag nrho txhua yam lossis txhua tshooj hauv koj daim ntawv kawg, tshwj tsis yog koj xaiv phau ntawv luv luv. Yog li ntawd, tsom mus rau yam koj xav tias tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txog zaj dab neeg thiab cov cim ntawm phau ntawv.
Txog cov ntawv tsis muaj tseeb, koj cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tsom mus rau tus kws sau lub tswv yim tseem ceeb thiab yuav ua li cas lub tswv yim ntawd nthuav tawm hauv phau ntawv. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tus sau ua yog dab tsi? Cov pov thawj twg lossis cov dab neeg dab neeg uas lawv siv los txhawb lawv cov ntsiab lus?
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv phiaj xwm phiaj xwm los pab koj txhim kho koj kab lus
Yog tias koj xaiv los npaj koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm raws sijhawm, xav txog tias zaj dab neeg ntawm zaj dab neeg txav mus li cas. Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv zaj dab neeg yog dab tsi? Qhov pib hloov pauv qhov twg? Qhov kev xav tsis thoob lossis teeb meem nyuaj siab tshwm sim nyob qhov twg?
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Rhuav cov kab lus raws qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tau sau cov dab neeg tshiab Laskar Pelangi, koj tuaj yeem npaj cov kab lus ntawm koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm zoo li no:
- Nqe lus piav qhia thawj zaug: piav qhia tag nrho phau ntawv thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tshaj tawm.
- Cov ntsiab lus ntawm nqe lus 1: piav qhia lub tsev kawm Muhammadiyah uas raug hem tias yuav raug rhuav tshem los ntawm South Sumatra Ministry of Education thiab Culture yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem sau 10 tus tub ntxhais kawm tshiab. Thaum tsuas yog 9 tus tub ntxhais kawm sib sau ua ke, tus thawj xibfwb tab tom hais lus tias lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav raug kaw. Ntawd yog thaum Aaron thiab nws niam tuaj rau npe kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv.
- Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus 2: piav qhia cov kev paub dhau los ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb, pib los ntawm kev tso cov rooj zaum, lawv sib tham nrog Pak Harfan, lawv cov lus qhia lom zem rau A Kiong thiab Ibu Mus, qhov xwm txheej ruam uas tau ua los ntawm Borek, thiab kev xaiv tsa ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm hauv chav kawm uas tau tawm tsam los ntawm Kucai. Muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej nthuav, tab sis tsis suav nrog txhua qhov - xaiv cov xwm txheej uas muaj lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. qhov xwm txheej uas Mahar qhov txuj ci zoo tshaj tau pom, Ikal thawj qhov kev hlub, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm Lintang lub neej uas caij 80 km rov qab los ntawm nws lub tsev mus rau tsev kawm ntawv. Cov xwm txheej no yog "cov ntsiab lus tig" hauv zaj dab neeg.
- Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus 3: piav qhia qhov xwm txheej thaum cov menyuam ntawm Zaj Zaj Tsov Rog tau tawm tsam PN lub tsev kawm ntawv uas nyob deb dua thiab thaum Muhammadiyah lub tsev kawm ntawv lawv xav tau raug kaw. Nov yog qhov uas koj yuav tsum xaus kab lus no vim qhov xwm txheej no yog qhov kawg ntawm Laskar Pelangi zaj dab neeg thiab koj cov neeg nyeem xav paub tias yuav daws nws li cas.
- Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Tshooj 4: Sau cov xwm txheej thaum Laskar Pelangi yeej qhov kev sib tw txawm hais tias nyuaj npaum li cas, thaum cov neeg hauv zej zog tau nce nyiaj rau kev rov qhib lub tsev kawm Muhammadiyah, thiab thaum dab neeg ntawm kaum pab tsiaj tau xaus nrog kev tuag ntawm Lintang txiv uas yuam tus me Einstein tso tseg. tsev kawm ntawv kov tau. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia tau tias cov cim hauv tus cwj pwm no, piv txwv li Lintang, tau tsim los ntawm qhov pib ntawm zaj dab neeg. Qhov no yuav yog kev hloov pauv zoo rau nkag mus…
- Nqe lus xaus: tham txog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv thiab kev coj ncaj ncees uas koj tau kawm. Koj tuaj yeem tham txog qhov kev kawm kom ua siab tawv thiab tsis txhob mus kawm ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Tom qab ntawv xaus nrog koj lub tswv yim hais txog phau ntawv tag nrho. Koj puas yuav pom phau ntawv no rau koj cov phooj ywg?
Kauj Ruam 6. Npaj kab lus los ntawm lub ntsiab lus
Yog tias koj xaiv qhov chaw thematic, koj tuaj yeem txhim kho koj cov kab lus los ntawm cov ncauj lus es tsis txhob cia cov phiaj xwm txiav txim siab koj kab lus. Koj yuav tsum tsim cov kab lus lossis ob ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntsiab lus, ib kab lus hais txog cov cim, ib kab lus hais txog phau ntawv lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb lossis ntsiab lus, thiab ib kab lus piav qhia koj qhov kev xav.
- Pib nrog cov lus piav qhia luv luv heev. Sau hom phau ntawv, teeb tsa hauv phau ntawv (tsev kawm ntawv, thaj chaw sab nrauv, lossis qhov chaw mystical), tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb sim lossis kawm, thiab qhov xaus.
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Cov kab lus hais txog tus ua cim yuav tsum tham txog tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb (lossis tus cim) hauv zaj dab neeg. Lawv yog leej twg, thiab vim li cas lawv thiaj tseem ceeb? Lawv xav ua dab tsi lossis kawm dab tsi? Lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo yog dab tsi? Lawv puas muaj kev hloov pauv tom kawg ntawm zaj dab neeg?
Piv txwv li, nqe lus hais txog tus ua cim hauv Laskar Pelangi yuav tsom mus rau Ikal, "tus ua yeeb yam" lossis tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv zaj dab neeg. Koj kuj tseem yuav xav tham me ntsis txog lwm cov cim tseem ceeb, uas yog tag nrho Laskar Pelangi tus tswv cuab. Nqe lus no yuav qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm Ikal tus yam ntxwv txij thaum pib ntawm zaj dab neeg mus txog thaum kawg
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Cov kab lus hais txog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb lossis lub ntsiab lus yuav yog lub ncauj lus nyuaj tshaj plaws los sau, tab sis koj cov ntawv tuaj yeem pab tau. Xav txog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig lossis cov ntsiab lus uas cov cim tau kawm. Koj xav li cas thaum koj nyeem phau ntawv no? Phau ntawv no puas ua rau koj nug qee yam?
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj sau txog Lupus, koj tuaj yeem tham txog kev tsis sib xws hauv cov hluas hauv lub neej. Koj tseem tuaj yeem tham txog cov tub ntxhais hluas txoj kev xav los tawm tsam cov neeg muaj cai (xws li cov kws qhia ntawv thiab niam txiv) thiab kom muaj kev paub sib txawv nrog cov phooj ywg thaum lawv paub tab
Kauj Ruam 7. Sau qhov xaus
Qhov xaus ntawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom Koj yuav tsum sau cov ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv phau ntawv thiab muab koj cov lus pom hauv phau ntawv. Koj puas nyiam nws? Phau ntawv puas lom zem nyeem? Koj puas pom zoo nrog tus kws sau lub tswv yim lossis kev sau ntawv? Koj puas tau kawm qee yam uas koj tsis tau paub dua ua ntej? Piav seb yog vim li cas rau koj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siv piv txwv los txhawb koj qhov kev xav.
Xav txog koj qhov kev txiav txim siab raws li txoj hauv kev los qhia rau lwm tus seb lawv puas yuav tsum nyeem phau ntawv. Lawv puas nyiam? Lawv puas yuav tsum nyeem nws? Vim li cas thiab vim li cas tsis?
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Rov Ntsuam Xyuas Koj Li Kev Nyeem Ntawv Phau Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Nyeem koj daim ntawv qhia dua
Koj yuav tsum muaj tus qauv meej hauv koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm, nrog rau kev taw qhia uas muab cov ntsiab lus luv luv ntawm phau ntawv cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, nqe lus tseem ceeb uas ua kom pom tseeb ntawm phau ntawv, thiab cov lus xaus uas nthuav qhia kev ntsuas ntawm phau ntawv tag nrho.
Thaum koj nyeem, nug koj tus kheej: Yog tias koj qhia cov ntsiab lus no nrog koj cov phooj ywg uas tsis tau nyeem phau ntawv, lawv puas nkag siab tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim? Lawv puas nyiam lossis tsis nyiam phau ntawv?
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv uas muaj tseeb hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm
Koj xav tau kev hloov pauv ntawm kab lus, nrog rau ntawm txhua lub tswv yim hauv kab lus. Cov kev hloov pauv no tuaj yeem coj koj cov neeg nyeem thaum lawv sim nkag siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm.
Piv txwv li, tsis txhob pib ua kab lus nrog lo lus "no", ceeb toom koj tus nyeem ntawv txog dab tsi tshwm sim hauv kab lus dhau los. Lo lus "qhov no" tsis meej txaus, tab sis "qhov no (kev sib tw, twv txiaj, tua neeg)" yog qhov meej txaus kom nkag siab
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb ob zaug tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hais txog phau ntawv
Nco ntsoov tias koj sau tus sau lub npe thiab tus yam ntxwv lub npe kom raug, sau lub npe kom tiav, thiab qhia lub npe ntawm tus tshaj tawm ntawm phau ntawv (yog tias koj tus kws qhia ntawv thov).
Kauj Ruam 4. Nyeem koj tsab ntawv ceeb toom
Qhov no tuaj yeem pab koj txheeb xyuas cov ntu uas tseem nyuaj to taub. Nyeem ntawv nrov kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab koj txheeb xyuas qee qhov kev ua yuam kev uas yuav tsum tau kho.
Kauj Ruam 5. Hais kom lwm tus neeg nyeem koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm
Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj kom paub yog tias koj tau ua tiav cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv yog kom lwm tus nyeem koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm. Ib tus phooj ywg lossis niam txiv tuaj yeem pom qee qhov uas tseem tsis meej.
Tsis txhob qhia rau koj tus phooj ywg zaj dab neeg ntawm phau ntawv lossis koj tsom mus txog thaum nws lossis nws tau nyeem koj daim ntawv qhia. Txoj kev ntawd, lawv yuav tsom mus rau qhov sau ntawv hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom -uas koj tus kws qhia ntawv yuav ua ib yam nkaus
Kauj Ruam 6. Nco ntsoov tias koj thiab koj tus kws qhia ntawv lub npe tau suav nrog hauv qhov kawg ntawm koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm
Qhov no tseem ceeb heev txawm tias koj xa txoj haujlwm no hauv hom lossis sau ntawv sau. Yog tias koj tsis sau koj lub npe rau hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm, koj tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem muab qib rau koj.
Kauj Ruam 7. Ua daim ntawv zoo ntawm daim ntawv zoo
Yog tias koj tab tom luam koj daim ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj, siv cov ntawv tuab, huv huv hauv lub tshuab luam ntawv. Tsis txhob muab koj cov ntawv tshaj tawm los yog ntsws ua ntej koj sau lawv. Yog tias koj tab tom ua daim ntawv tshaj tawm sau ntawv, siv cov ntawv sau tau zoo, yooj yim-rau-nyeem ntawm cov ntawv huv thiab huv si.
Kauj Ruam 8. Ua Kev Zoo Siab
Koj tau ua haujlwm zoo. Txaus siab rau koj txoj haujlwm nyuaj!
Lub tswv yim
- Sim xav txog yuav ua li cas koj yuav qhia zaj dab neeg rau ib tus neeg uas tsis paub nws.
- Tsis txhob tos txog lub sijhawm kawg! Pib sai dua, nyeem thiab sau ib tshooj ib hnub. Txoj kev no koj yuav tsis ua txhua txoj haujlwm nyuaj tib lub sijhawm. Nws kuj tseem pab koj sau koj cov ntsiab lus sai sai thaum nws tseem tshiab.
- Rau cov niam txiv: nyeem cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua tshooj sai. Yog tias koj tsis nkag siab nws, qhia rau koj tus menyuam tias cov ntaub ntawv ploj lawm yog li nws tuaj yeem paub ntxiv dab tsi thaum kho nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm.
