Qhov tseeb txog kev tsis qhia npe online yog tias tsis muaj leej twg tsis qhia npe online kiag li. Yuav ib txwm muaj qee yam lossis cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas hauv is taws nem uas ib tus neeg tuaj yeem taug qab. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav txhim kho koj txoj kev nyab xeeb hauv lub hnub nyoog digital, koj tuaj yeem ua qee qhov kev tiv thaiv yooj yim uas ua haujlwm los zais lossis zais koj tus kheej. Qhov wikiHow no qhia koj cov theem pib ua kom tsis qhia npe hauv internet li sai tau.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 2: Paub Koj Li Txheej Txheem Hauv Online
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas dab tsi cov chaw muab kev pabcuam hauv internet (ISPs) tuaj yeem taug qab
Tus muab kev pabcuam internet lossis Tus Muab Kev Pabcuam Internet (ISP) yog qhov kev pabcuam uas siv los txuas rau internet. Thaum txuas nrog internet, modem lossis router tau muab tus IP chaw nyob, thiab qhov chaw nyob no tuaj yeem taug qab thiab coj mus rau koj tus lej nyiaj. Qhov no txhais tau tias, tsawg kawg, txhua tus neeg uas tuaj yeem pom koj tus IP chaw nyob tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas ISP uas tau siv. Yog tias koj ua tsis raug cai ntawm IP chaw nyob, tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj (piv txwv li tub ceev xwm lossis txawm tias cov chaw tshawb nrhiav) tuaj yeem tiv toj koj tus pabcuam hauv internet kom paub leej twg siv tus IP chaw nyob thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, thiab cov chaw thiab cov kev pabcuam nkag mus. Qee qhov ntxiv uas ISPs tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas raws tus IP chaw nyob:
- Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub vev xaib:
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MAC chaw nyob:
Chaw Tswj Kev Nkag Mus Rau Media (MAC) yog qhov chaw nyob uas tau muab tshwj xeeb rau daim npav WiFi lossis khoos phis tawj computer. Tus muab kev pabcuam hauv internet tuaj yeem paub MAC chaw nyob ntawm koj lub network uas tau siv nrog tus IP chaw nyob ib zaug. Qhov no txhais tau tias yog koj siv lub tsev kawm ntawv, ua haujlwm, sib txuas hauv tsev, tus tswj xyuas lub network tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov chaw thiab cov kev pabcuam uas nkag los ntawm koj lub computer.
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Tus naj npawb chaw nres nkoj:
Yog tias koj tab tom sim nkag (lossis tau txais kev sib txuas los ntawm) qee tus lej chaw nres nkoj, koj tus muab kev pabcuam hauv internet feem ntau tuaj yeem tshawb pom seb hom kev pabcuam twg koj tab tom siv, xws li tshawb xyuas lub vev xaib (feem ntau yog chaw nres nkoj 443 thiab 80) lossis xa email (feem ntau yog chaw nres nkoj 25, 587, 587, lossis 465).
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VPN kev pabcuam (virtual ntiag tug network):
Yog tias koj siv VPN ntawm koj li kev txuas hauv internet txhawm rau zais koj li haujlwm hauv online, koj tus muab kev pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem tuaj yeem paub tias VPN kev pabcuam twg koj siv thiab thaum twg koj siv nws. Txawm li cas los xij, cov muab kev pabcuam hauv internet tsis tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias koj ua dab tsi thaum koj lub cuab yeej txuas nrog VPN.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav seb lub vev xaib twg tuaj yeem "kawm" los ntawm koj
Cov vev xaib feem ntau khwv tau los ntawm kev tshaj tawm. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov neeg tuaj saib nyem rau (thiab khw los ntawm) tshaj tawm, tus tswv tsev thiab cov koom tes tshaj tawm yuav tsum paub dab tsi txaus siab rau koj thiab koj li kev siv internet txhawm rau txhawm rau nthuav tawm cov lus cuam tshuam. Cov vev xaib sau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev teeb tsa taug qab cov khoom qab zib ntawm lub khoos phis tawj uas tuaj yeem qhia lwm lub vev xaib mus ntsib, koj qhov chaw nyob, browser thiab kev siv ua haujlwm siv, sijhawm mus ntsib cov vev xaib, thiab txuas txuas nyem. Cov ncuav qab zib no tseem tuaj yeem qhia yog tias koj tau nkag mus rau qee tus social media account/chaw (piv txwv li Facebook), koj tab tom nrhiav dab tsi, thiab txawm tias lub roj teeb ntau npaum li cas koj lub laptop tau tso tseg. Txhua qhov no tshwm sim thaum koj mus ntsib tus xaib uas ua cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog koj tsis paub nws.
- Txhawm rau paub seb lub vev xaib tab tom nrhiav los ntawm kev mus ntsib nws ib zaug, nkag mus rau lub xaib https://webkay.robinlinus.com. Thaum cov nplooj ntawv thauj khoom, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam xav tsis thoob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
- Tsis yog txhua lub ncuav qab zib yog ncuav qab zib "phem". Qhov tseeb, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas koj tso cai qee cov ncuav qab zib muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov ncuav qab zib tau siv los khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub khoos phis tawj kom ua rau nthwv dej hauv ntiaj teb no kom yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim dua. Piv txwv, ncuav qab zib tso cai rau koj nkag mus rau hauv tus as khauj uas xav tau tus password, ntxiv cov khoom rau hauv lub tawb nqa khoom, thiab ntau ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov ncuav qab zib xws li "taug qab ncuav qab zib" lossis "ncuav qab zib thib peb" tau tsim los taug qab koj cov dej num thoob plaws txhua lub vev xaib, thiab tsis yog cov xaib uas koj mus ntsib.
- Google npaj yuav thaiv txhua tus neeg thib peb taug qab ncuav qab zib los ntawm Chrome web browser los ntawm 2022.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas qhov chaw siv wireless siv
Kauj Ruam 1. Nruab qhov kev tiv thaiv ntiag tug browser ntxiv rau/txuas ntxiv
Yog tias koj tsis xav kom taug qab hauv is taws nem, muaj ntau yam cuab yeej uas koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa rau hauv koj lub vev xaib:
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HTTPS Txhua qhov txhia chaw:
Qhov txuas txuas ntxiv no ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj ib txwm mus ntsib encrypted (https) version ntawm lub vev xaib. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais qhov txuas ntxiv no rau Chrome, Firefox, Ntug, thiab Opera. Qhov txuas ntxiv no tau teeb tsa ua ntej ntawm lub vev xaib uas tau tsom mus rau kev nyab xeeb zoo li Brave thiab Tor.
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Tsis pub twg paub Badger:
Tsim los ntawm Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), cov cuab yeej no thaiv cov neeg thib peb taug qab cov ncuav qab zib kom cov kev pabcuam tshaj tawm thiab cov vev xaib tsis tuaj yeem taug qab koj tom qab koj tawm ntawm lawv nplooj ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm Privacy Badger rau Firefox, Ntug, thiab Opera.
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Ghostery:
Cov cuab yeej no zoo ib yam li Privacy Badger thiab ua haujlwm los ntawm thaiv cov neeg thib peb taug qab cov ncuav qab zib. Ib qho ntxiv, cov cuab yeej no tseem tuaj yeem thaiv kev tshaj tawm thiab tso cai rau koj hloov kho koj qhov kev nyiam thaiv. Ghostery muaj rau Firefox, Chrome, Ntug, thiab Opera.
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NoScript:
Qhov ntxiv no tsuas yog muaj rau Firefox thiab ua haujlwm los ntawm thaiv tag nrho JavaScript ntawm cov vev xaib. Txij li feem ntau cov vev xaib xav kom JavaScript ua haujlwm kom raug, koj tuaj yeem tswj hwm tus whitelist kom tso cai JavaScript ntawm cov chaw koj ntseeg siab.
Kauj Ruam 2. Hloov koj lub web browser nrog Tor
Tor lub vev xaib hloov pauv txhua qhov kev siv internet mus rau nws lub network yog li koj tuaj yeem nthwv lub vev xaib tsis qhia npe. Thaum tshawb xyuas los ntawm Tor, nws tuaj yeem nyuaj heev (yog tias tsis yooj yim sua) rau koj tus muab kev pabcuam internet, tus tswj hwm network, lossis WiFi hacker kom pom cov vev xaib koj mus ntsib lossis cov nyiaj koj nkag mus.
- Tsis txhob rub Tor los ntawm cov chaw uas tsis yog
- Yog tias koj tsis xav kom koj tus muab kev pabcuam hauv internet paub tias koj tab tom tshawb hauv Tor, koj kuj tseem yuav tsum siv VPN.
Kauj Ruam 3. Siv lub network ntiag tug virtual (Virtual Private Network lossis VPN)
Qhov kev pabcuam VPN encrypts txhua yam koj ua hauv internet yog li koj tuaj yeem tsis qhia npe online. Ib txoj cai dav dav yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias koj siv qhov kev pabcuam VPN zoo thiab ntseeg tau, txhua yam hauv internet uas koj ua yuav raug zais thiab ntiag tug. Kev siv VPN tseem tiv thaiv cov muab kev pabcuam hauv internet los ntawm kev tuaj yeem pom koj cov haujlwm online. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov VPN servers khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj cov haujlwm thiab tuaj yeem hu/xaj kom nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv kaw tseg no yog tias txhua lub sijhawm koj xav tias ua txhaum cai.
Txawm hais tias koj tus muab kev pabcuam internet thiab lwm tus neeg txuas nrog koj lub network hauv cheeb tsam tsis tuaj yeem pom koj cov haujlwm thaum koj lub cuab yeej txuas nrog VPN, VPN tus muab kev pabcuam tseem tuaj yeem ua tau li ntawd. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom meej tias VPN tus muab kev pabcuam tsis kaw lossis kaw koj cov haujlwm ntawm nws cov kev pabcuam. Yog li, tshawb nrhiav txog cov kev pabcuam VPN muaj ua ntej xaiv lossis siv lawv
Kauj Ruam 4. Cuam koj tus MAC chaw nyob
MAC chaw nyob yog qhov chaw nyob kho vajtse uas txheeb xyuas lub khoos phis tawj ntawm lub router. Thaum twg los xij uas lub cuab yeej/khoos phis tawj txuas nrog lub network, MAC chaw nyob yuav tshwm tuaj qhia rau koj paub. Raws li kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem siv MAC chaw nyob cuav los qhia qhov tsis qhia npe rau koj li haujlwm hauv lub network. Txawm li cas los xij, cov vev xaib koj mus ntsib thiab cov kev pabcuam/tus lej uas koj nkag mus tseem yuav raug paub los ntawm koj tus muab kev pabcuam internet thiab tus tswj hwm network. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua VPN raws li kev tiv thaiv ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 5. Tshawb hauv is taws nem los ntawm pej xeem WiFi nkag tau cov ntsiab lus (nrog kev zam)
Yog li koj tuaj yeem nthwv lub ntiaj teb virtual tsis qhia npe, kev sib txuas ntawm lub cuab yeej / khoos phis tawj mus rau Is Taws Nem yuav tsum tsis koom nrog cov chaw muab kev pabcuam internet uas koj siv. Hauv qhov no, kev pabcuam pej xeem WiFi tuaj yeem pab tau. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas koj tsis qhia koj cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug hauv zej zog yog tias koj tsis xav kom lwm tus paub/pom nws.
- Tsis txhob siv pej xeem siv internet cov ntsiab lus yog tias koj xav tau ua cov kauj ruam ntiag tug cuam tshuam nrog tus kheej ntiag tug (piv txwv li kev ua haujlwm hauv tuam txhab nyiaj lossis siv tus lej social security). Txawm hais tias koj pom lub network qhib, nco ntsoov tias koj paub tias nws raug cai raug cai rau qhov chaw nug. Hackers feem ntau tsim WiFi tes hauj lwm uas zoo ib yam li cov uas twb muaj lawm txhawm rau txhawm rau nyiag cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm hais tias lub wireless network uas twb muaj lawm yog raug cai lossis raug cai, ib tus neeg uas muaj lub siab phem tuaj yeem siv cov cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem hnia txhua qhov kev lag luam hauv lub network.
- Raws li plaub txheej txheej koj tuaj yeem sim, zais lossis cuav tus IP chaw nyob, txuas cov cuab yeej/khoos phis tawj rau pej xeem WiFi, txuas lub cuab yeej/khoos phis tawj rau VPN kev pabcuam, thiab tshawb hauv internet siv Tor browser.
Kauj Ruam 6. Siv tus kheej/hom tsis qhia npe ntawm qhov browser
Yog tias koj tsis xav kom lwm tus paub txog koj cov dej num hauv lub khoos phis tawj sib koom, siv hom ntiag tug/tsis qhia tus kheej ntawm qhov browser. Yuav luag txhua lub web browsers muaj hom kev tshawb pom uas tiv thaiv lossis thaiv qhov txuag ntawm web tshawb keeb kwm thiab cache rau lub khoos phis tawj. Chrome browser tso cai rau koj qhib lub qhov rai tshiab "inkognito". Safari thiab Firefox tso cai rau koj qhib qhov browser "ntiag tug", thaum Edge sau nws tus kheej hom "Hauv Ntiag Tug" hom.
Kauj Ruam 7. Siv tus kheej-tsom mus rau lwm lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav
Tshawb nrhiav cav zoo li Google, Bing, thiab Yandex cov npe tshawb nrhiav nkag nrog koj tus IP chaw nyob (thiab tus lej, yog tias koj nkag tau rau nws). Ib qho ntxiv, cov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb no siv cov ncuav qab zib txhawm rau taug qab tshawb nrhiav cav siv thiab sau cov vev xaib koj mus ntsib. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau khaws thiab tshuaj xyuas kom raug lub hom phiaj kom pom zoo tshaj tawm thiab muab cov txiaj ntsig tshawb fawb ntau dua. Txhawm rau zam qhov kev taug qab no, siv lwm txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb zoo li DuckDuckGo lossis StartPage.
Kauj Ruam 8. Siv tus as-qhauj email uas siv pov tseg lossis tus muab kev pabcuam email ncaj qha thaum tsim cov nyiaj ntawm cov vev xaib
Nco ntsoov tias email chaw nyob tsim tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov as khauj uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug. Email cov chaw muab kev pabcuam uas thov kom muab kev pabcuam nyab xeeb thiab tsis pub leej twg paub suav nrog ProtonMail, Tutanota, thiab lwm yam.
- Qee qhov chaw pabcuam email dawb uas ua kom yooj yim rau koj los tsim tus as khauj tshiab sai yog Gmail thiab Yahoo Mail.
- Sim Protonmail yog tias koj xav xa email uas tau muab zais, yam tsis suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug.
Lub tswv yim
- Txawm hais tias koj siv zog npaum li cas los npog koj cov kab, yuav muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv siv los taug qab thiab txheeb xyuas koj. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej tsis qhia npe yog txhawm rau txo cov ntaub ntawv muaj, tab sis vim yog qhov qhib hauv internet, koj tsis tuaj yeem tsis qhia npe tiag tiag.
- Thaum nthwv internet, koj yuav tsum xaiv ntawm qhov yooj yim thiab tsis qhia npe. Nws tsis yooj yim kom tsis qhia npe ntawm lub network thiab kom tsis qhia npe, nws siv ntau lub dag zog tiag tiag. Koj yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txuas qeeb dua thaum saib cov vev xaib, thiab dhia hla ntau hoops ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv lub network. Yog tias tsis qhia npe yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau koj, npaj kom ua ntau yam kev fij.
