Hauv tib neeg lub cev, txhua lub cev nyob hauv qhov chaw khoob lossis kab noj hniav. Yog tias lub cev nthuav tawm los ntawm kab noj hniav, koj muaj hnoos qeev, ib qho xwm txheej uas feem ntau tsis muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej thiab qee zaum ploj mus ntawm nws tus kheej. Feem ntau, hernias tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam plab (hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub hauv siab thiab lub duav), nrog 75% -80% ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw puab tais. Feem ntau yuav yog, ib tus neeg yuav tsim tus quav quav thaum lawv loj tuaj, thiab kev phais yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua thaum koj laus dua. Muaj ntau hom hernias, thiab txhua tus xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb, yog li nws yog qhov tseem ceeb los npaj koj tus kheej nrog qhov kev paub no.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 4: Paub txog Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob Hernia
Kauj Ruam 1. Ntsuam xyuas koj qhov kev pheej hmoo
Thaum hernias tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau leej twg, qee yam hauv koj lub neej tuaj yeem ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rau hernias. Qhov xwm txheej no yuav mob mus ntev, lossis nws yuav daws tau lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li, thaum koj hnoos tsis zoo. Cov teeb meem pheej hmoo rau hernias suav nrog:
- nce siab hauv plab,
- hnoos,
- nqa hnyav hnyav,
- cem quav,
- cev xeeb tub,
- rog,
- tau laus,
- haus luam yeeb,
- siv steroid.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib rau ib qho twg
Hernia yog ib yam mob tsis zoo ntawm cov nqaij ntim ntawm lub cev. Vim qhov ua tsis tiav no, lub cev nthuav tawm, thiab qhov no yog qhov ua rau kom muaj tus txha nqaj qaum. Thaum cov kabmob no nthuav tawm, yuav muaj qhov chaw o lossis ua pob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hernias feem ntau nthuav dav thaum koj sawv los yog mob. Qhov chaw ntawm thaj chaw o nws txawv nyob ntawm seb hom hernia koj muaj. Lub sij hawm rau ntau hom hnoos qeev hais txog qhov chaw lossis ua rau mob plab hnyuv.
- Inguinal: hernia uas tshwm sim hauv lub qhov ncauj (nruab nrab ntawm pob txha thiab puab tais) lossis puab tais
- Umbilical: hnoos qeev uas tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm tus pas nrig
- Femoral: hernia uas tshwm sim nrog tus ncej puab sab hauv
- Kev phais mob: hernia tshwm sim los ntawm kev phais los ntawm kev phais yav dhau los uas tsim qhov tsis muaj zog hauv cov leeg leeg ntawm lub cev
- Diaphragmatic lossis hiatal: hernia tshwm sim los ntawm kev yug me nyuam tsis xws luag hauv diaphragm.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib xyuas cov tsos mob ntuav
Yog tias hnoos qeev cuam tshuam rau koj cov hnyuv, nws yuav hloov lossis tseem thaiv cov khoom noj ntawm lub plab zom mov. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau sib xyaw ntawm cov hnyuv thiab yuav ua rau xeev siab thiab ntuav. Yog tias koj txoj hnyuv tsis raug thaiv tag nrho, koj yuav pom tsuas yog cov tsos mob me me, xws li xeev siab tsis ntuav lossis tsis qab los.
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm cem quav
Tej zaum koj yuav ntsib cem quav yog tias koj muaj lub plab me me los yog qis femoral. Hauv kev nkag siab yooj yim, cem quav yog qhov txawv ntawm ntuav. Thaum cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov quav, koj yuav ntsib kev cem quav. Yog li hloov tag nrho tawm, cov av tseem nyob hauv koj cov hnyuv. Tsis tas yuav piav qhia, cov tsos mob no yuav tsum tau phais tam sim.
Kev hnoos qeev tuaj yeem ua rau hnyav heev yog tias nws cuam tshuam rau koj lub cev ua haujlwm kom muaj sia nyob. Yog tias koj muaj cem quav, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim
Kauj Ruam 5. Tsis txhob quav ntsej qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov ua kom tiav
Coob leej neeg nrog hernias tsis hnov mob thiab tsis hnov mob hnyav lossis pom tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv hnov hnyav thiab ntuav hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam, tshwj xeeb yog hauv plab qis. Koj yuav xav tias nws tsuas yog tsam plab. Yam tsawg kawg, koj yuav hnov mob hauv koj lub plab, txawm tias nws yog qhov ua rau lub siab puv ntoob, tsis muaj zog, lossis tsuas yog lub siab coj txawv txawv. Koj tuaj yeem daws qhov "tsam plab" ntawm qhov quav los ntawm kev so hauv qhov chaw dag.
Kauj Ruam 6. Khaws taug qab koj qib mob
Txawm hais tias tsis tas li tam sim no, qhov mob yog qhov cim ntawm tus mob hernia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Qhov o tuaj yeem ua rau hnov mob lossis mob pob txha. Kev nce siab tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav uas qhia tau tias hnoos qeev tau kov cov leeg nqaij. Nov yog ntau yam kev mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm hernias hauv qib sib txawv:
- Txo txo tus txha nqaj qaum, uas yog tus txha nqaj qaum uas tsis tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau nws qib qub, tab sis tau loj dua: koj yuav hnov qhov mob uas tuaj thiab mus.
- Cov hnoos qeev pinched, uas yog lub cev o uas ua rau nws cov ntshav tsis txaus thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tuag yam tsis muaj kev kho mob tam sim: koj yuav hnov mob hnyav heev hauv qhov no, nrog rau kiv taub hau, ntuav, ua npaws, nyuaj rau tso quav. Qhov mob no yuav tsum tau phais tam sim.
- Hiatal hernia, uas lub plab swells los ntawm nws cov kab noj hniav thiab ua rau mob hauv siab: Qhov no tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau cov zaub mov ntws, txo cov kua qaub thiab thaum kawg nyuaj rau nqos.
- Tsis kho hernias, vim tias lawv yuav tsis ua rau mob thiab cov tsos mob: Cov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob thiab lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.
Kauj Ruam 7. Paub thaum twg mus ntsib kws kho mob
Txhua kis ntawm hernia muaj peev xwm ua rau txaus ntshai. Yog tias koj xav tias koj muaj tus mob hernia, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas seb puas yog koj muaj tus mob hernia, thiab tseem yuav tham txog qib kev pheej hmoo thiab kev xaiv kho.
Yog tias koj paub tseeb tias koj muaj tus txha nqaj qaum thiab hnov mob tam sim ntawd lossis mob hauv thaj chaw, mus rau chav kho mob xwm txheej tam sim. Hernias tuaj yeem dhau los "pinched" thiab txiav tawm cov ntshav, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai heev
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 4: Nkag Siab Qhov Risk Factors
Kauj Ruam 1. Xav txog koj tus poj niam txiv neej
Cov txiv neej feem ntau muaj tus mob hernia ntau dua li poj niam. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, txawm hais tias hnoos qeev tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev yug menyuam (vim tias nws muaj ntau hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab) nws feem ntau tshwm sim hauv txiv neej menyuam yaus. Tib yam mus rau cov neeg laus! Txiv neej muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntawm hernias, uas feem ntau hu ua "nqes hav". Qhov no tshwm sim vim yog "nqis qis" tus txiv neej hauv cov kwj dej inguinal, uas tshwm sim ua ntej txheej txheem yug menyuam. Tus txiv neej inguinal kwj dej (uas tuav cov hlab ntshav uas txuas nws mus rau cov noob qes) feem ntau kaw tom qab yug los. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov kwj dej no tsis kaw kom raug, ua rau muaj tus mob hernia.
Kauj Ruam 2. Paub koj tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm hernias
Yog tias koj muaj ib tus neeg hauv tsev neeg uas muaj keeb kwm mob ntshav qab zib, koj muaj qhov pheej hmoo zoo ib yam. Qee qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub so ntswg txuas thiab cov leeg, ua rau koj txhim kho mob qog noj ntshav. Nco ntsoov nco ntsoov tias qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev muaj keeb caj ces yog vim muaj keeb kwm tsis xws luag. Feem ntau, tsis muaj kev paub txog kev sib txawv ntawm tus mob hernias.
Yog tias koj tau muaj tus mob hernia yav dhau los, koj muaj kev pheej hmoo siab yuav rov muaj nws yav tom ntej
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav txog koj lub ntsws
Cystic fibrosis (kev hem thawj ntawm kev tuag vim mob ntsws) yog ib qho mob uas muaj cov hnoos qeev uas txhaws hauv lub ntsws. Cov neeg mob uas muaj tus mob no yuav hnov hnoos ntev vim lub cev tab tom sim tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev. Kev nce siab los ntawm kev hnoos yog qhov ua rau muaj tus mob hernias. Kev hnoos zoo li no tsim lub zog muaj zog thiab quab yuam koj lub ntsws kom puas rau cov leeg nqaij. Tus neeg mob hnov mob thiab tsis xis nyob thaum hnoos.
Cov neeg haus luam yeeb kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev mob hnoos ntev, thiab tseem muaj feem yuav tsim tus mob hnoos qeev
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib xyuas kom txhob ntuav
Kev cem quav ua rau koj tso siab rau koj cov leeg hauv plab hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso quav thaum lub plab zom mov. Yog tias koj cov leeg hauv plab qis tsis muaj zog thiab koj tab tom nruj, koj tuaj yeem muaj quav quav.
- Cov leeg tsis muaj zog yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog, thiab nce hnub nyoog.
- Kev nruj thaum tso zis kuj tseem muaj feem yuav ua rau muaj tus txha nqaj qaum.
Kauj Ruam 5. Paub tias koj muaj kev pheej hmoo mob plab hnyuv thaum cev xeeb tub
Tus menyuam loj hlob hauv lub tsev menyuam ua rau koj lub plab qis. Koj lub plab qis kuj tseem muaj lub nra hnyav ntxiv, uas yog qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau hernias.
- Cov menyuam mos yug ntxov ua ntej tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo rau hernias vim tias cov leeg thiab lub cev nqaij daim tawv tsis muaj zog txaus thiab tsis tau ua tiav.
- Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw mos hauv menyuam yaus tuaj yeem nias thaj tsam uas muaj peev xwm loj hlob hernia. Cov no suav nrog kev tso zis tso zis tsis raug ntawm cov qau, cov kua hauv lub noob qes, thiab ntau tus poj niam txiv neej (menyuam yaus uas muaj txiv neej thiab poj niam).
Kauj Ruam 6. Sim ua kom koj qhov hnyav nyob qib zoo
Cov neeg uas rog lossis rog dhau yuav ua rau muaj pob txha. Ib yam li poj niam cev xeeb tub, lub plab loj ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua hauv lub plab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg nyob ib puag ncig tsis muaj zog. Yog tias koj rog dhau, koj raug qhia kom pib qhov kev poob phaus tam sim no.
Ceev faj ntawm qhov hnyav hnyav thiab hnyav hnyav vim yog txoj haujlwm noj zaub mov nruj heev. Qhov kev noj haus no yuav ua rau cov leeg tsis muaj zog thiab ua rau hernias ib yam. Yog tias koj tab tom ua kom poob phaus, ua kom noj qab haus huv thiab maj mam
Kauj Ruam 7. Xav seb koj txoj hauj lwm puas yog qhov ua rau
Koj yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tus txha nqaj qaum yog tias koj yuav tsum sawv ntsug ntev ntawm lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab siv lub zog qoj ib ce ntau zaus. Qee tus neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau hernias vim ua haujlwm yog cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim khoom, muag khoom, kws ntoo, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias qhov no zoo ib yam li koj txoj haujlwm tam sim no, tham txog kev pheej hmoo nrog koj tus thawj coj. Koj tuaj yeem sim cov xwm txheej sib txawv kom txo qis koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hernia.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 4: Txheeb Xyuas Koj Hom Hernia
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab tias cov kws kho mob kuaj mob hernias li cas
Thaum kuaj lub cev kom pom tus txha nqaj qaum, koj tus kws kho mob feem ntau yuav qhia koj kom sawv ntsug. Thaum tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas thaj chaw o, koj yuav raug hais kom hnoos, ua pa, lossis ua lwm yam kev txav uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau. Tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas qhov yooj yooj yim thiab txav mus los hauv thaj chaw uas xav tias muaj pob txha mos. Tom qab kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas seb koj puas muaj quav quav los yog tsis muaj, thiab hom hnoos qeev twg koj muaj.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas hom mob hnoos qeev
Qhov no yog hom hnoos qeev ntau thiab tshwm sim thaum lub plab lossis zais zis thawb tawm sab nraub qaum phab ntsa mus rau hauv puab tais thiab lub qhov ncauj. Hauv cov txiv neej, cov hlab no tuav cov hlab ntshav uas txuas rau cov noob qes, thiab hernias feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog hauv cov hlab. Hauv cov poj niam, cov kwj dej tuav cov leeg loj uas tuav lub tsev menyuam nyob hauv qhov chaw. Muaj ob hom hnoos qeev hauv plab: ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj (tom kawg muaj ntau dua).
- Ncua qhov hnoos qeev ncaj qha: Muab koj tus ntiv tes tso rau hauv cov kwj dej, uas yog cov quav ntawm lub plab hlaub ze ntawm txhais ceg. Koj yuav hnov lub suab nrov tuaj tawm ntawm koj lub cev, uas yuav loj dua thaum koj hnoos.
- Indirect inguinal hernia: Thaum koj kov lub kwj dej inguinal, koj yuav hnov pob khoom los ntawm sab nraud mus rau nruab nrab ntawm koj lub cev (ntawm ib sab mus rau hauv nruab nrab). Cov pob no tseem txav mus rau ntawm lub hnab pubic.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ceev faj txog qhov muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj menyuam mos nyob hauv cov muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo
Hiatal hernia tshwm sim thaum sab saud ntawm koj lub plab nias los ntawm qhov qhib hauv lub diaphragm thiab tom qab ntawd nkag rau hauv koj lub hauv siab. Hom hernia no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoos. Yog tias tus menyuam muaj hnoos qeev hiatal, nws yuav yog vim yug los tsis xwm yeem.
- Lub diaphragm yog txheej nyias nyias ntawm cov leeg uas pab koj ua pa. Ib feem ntawm lub cev no tseem ua haujlwm cais cov kabmob hauv qab plab thiab hauv siab.
- Hom hnoos qeev no ua rau hnov mob hauv plab, mob hauv siab, thiab nyuaj rau nqos.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nrhiav qhov hnoos qeev hauv tus menyuam
Txawm hais tias lawv tshwm sim tom qab, hnoos qeev feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam mos lossis menyuam mos hnub nyoog qis dua rau hli. Qhov hnoos qeev no tshwm sim thaum cov hnyuv tawm los ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv plab qis ze ntawm tus pas nrig. Cov pob no yuav pom tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tus menyuam quaj.
- Hauv qhov hnoos qeev, koj yuav pom ib lub pob hauv qhov ntaws (ntaws).
- Umbilical hernias feem ntau ploj mus ntawm lawv tus kheej. Tab sis yog tias nws tseem muaj txog thaum tus menyuam muaj 5-6 xyoos thiab loj dua lossis ua rau muaj tsos mob, yuav tsum tau phais.
- Nco ntsoov qhov loj me. Qhov me me qhov hnoos qeev ntsuas txog 1.25 cm thiab tuaj yeem ploj ntawm lawv tus kheej. Cov hnoos qeev loj yuav tsum tau phais.
Kauj Ruam 5. Saib xyuas qhov mob hernias tom qab phais tas
Qhov phais ua thaum phais yuav siv sijhawm los kho kom zoo. Nws kuj tseem siv sijhawm rau cov leeg ib puag ncig kom rov zoo lawv lub zog. Yog tias cov nqaij mos hauv lub cev raug thawb tawm ntawm qhov phais ua ntej nws zoo, yuav muaj qhov hnoos qeev. Qhov mob no tshwm sim ntau dua rau cov neeg laus thiab cov neeg laus.
Muab nws maj mam tab sis maj mam nias qhov chaw phais nrog koj tus ntiv tes. Koj yuav hnov pob ib ncig thaj tsam ntawd
Kauj Ruam 6. Txheeb xyuas femoral hernias hauv poj niam
Femoral hernias tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob tus txiv neej thiab poj niam, tab sis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv poj niam vim tias muaj lub ntsej muag dav. Hauv lub plab, muaj ib txoj hauv kev uas nqa cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntshav, thiab cov hlab ntsha mus rau sab nraub qaum. Cov kab no feem ntau yog qhov chaw nqaim, tab sis feem ntau nthuav dav yog tias tus poj niam cev xeeb tub lossis rog. Thaum ncab, cov kab no ua rau tsis muaj zog, thiab thaum kawg nws muaj hernias.
Txoj Kev 4 ntawm 4: Kho Hernias
Kauj Ruam 1. Qhia qhov mob sai sai
Yog tias cov tsos mob ntawm tus txha nqaj qaum tshwm sim sai sai, thawj qhov koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua yog txo koj qhov mob. Txhawm rau daws qhov hnoos qeev, tus kws kho mob yuav xub sim ua kom lub cev thawb rov qab mus rau nws txoj haujlwm qub. Qhov no tuaj yeem txo qis o thiab muab sijhawm ntxiv los npaj rau cov txheej txheem phais hauv thaj chaw. Cov hnoos qeev pinched yuav tsum tau ua raws tam sim ntawd kom tsis txhob tuag cov nqaij mos thiab cov ntaub so ntswg hloov pauv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xav txog kev phais phais
Thaum hnoos qeev yuav ua rau txaus ntshai heev, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo xaiv phais kom rov zoo ua ntej nws nce mus rau qib txaus ntshai. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev xaiv phais yuav txo qis kev pheej hmoo mob thiab tuag taus.
Kauj Ruam 3. Paub txog qhov muaj peev xwm tshwm sim
Nyob ntawm seb hom hnoos qeev thiab tus neeg mob qhov xwm txheej zoo li cas, muaj txoj hauv kev zoo uas tus txha nqaj qaum yuav rov zoo li qub.
- Groin hernia hauv cov menyuam yaus: Cov hernias no muaj tsawg zaus rov zoo (tsawg dua 3% tom qab phais). Hernias hauv menyuam yaus qee zaum txawm tias kho tau zoo ntawm lawv tus kheej.
- Groin hernia hauv cov neeg laus: Nyob ntawm seb cov kws paub txog kev phais mob tau ua haujlwm phais qhov quav li cas, muaj feem rov tshwm sim tom qab phais yog li 0-10%.
- Cov hnoos qeev tsis tu ncua: Kwv yees li 3% -5% ntawm cov neeg mob muaj tus mob hernia rov tshwm sim tom qab phais thawj zaug. Yog tias qhov hnoos qeev loj tuaj, tus neeg mob tuaj yeem rov tshwm sim ntawm qhov pheej hmoo kwv yees li 20%-60%.
- Umbilical hernia hauv cov menyuam yaus: Hom hnoos qeev no feem ntau daws tau ntawm nws tus kheej.
- Umbilical hernia rau cov neeg laus: Muaj feem ntau dua ntawm kev rov ua dua ntawm cov hlab ntaws ntaws rau cov neeg laus. Feem ntau, tus neeg mob ntsib tus mob hernia rov tshwm sim txog li 11% tom qab phais tas.
Lub tswv yim
Tsis txhob nqa cov khoom hnyav, hnoos hnyav heev, lossis khoov yog tias koj xav tias koj muaj hnoos qeev
Ceeb toom
- Mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim yog tias koj xav tias koj muaj quav quav. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog teeb meem loj. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus menyuam hnoos qeev suav nrog xeev siab, ntuav, lossis ob qho tib si, ua npaws, ua rau lub plawv dhia nrawm, mob sai sai tuaj sai dua, lossis pob qij txha herniated uas liab, daj, lossis tsaus xim.
- Kev kho mob rau tus mob hnoos qeev feem ntau muaj txoj hauv kev muaj txoj sia nyob qis dua thiab muaj mob ntau dua li kev xaiv kho mob hernias.
