Kev tsim cov ntshav khov hauv txhais ceg kuj tseem hu ua sib sib zog nqus cov hlab ntshav txhaws (DVT) lossis cov hlab ntshav sib sib zog nqus. DVT yog ib yam mob hnyav uas yuav tsum tau kho mob vim tias cov hlab ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau mob thiab taug kev mus rau lub ntsws, ua rau mob ntsws ntsws (PE), uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Pulmonary embolism tuaj yeem tua tus neeg mob sai yog tias lub embolus loj txaus, nrog cov txheeb cais hais txog 90% ntawm cov neeg mob tuag nyob rau thawj ob peb teev. Lub xub ntiag ntawm emboli me me muaj ntau dua thiab tau tswj kom ua tiav hauv feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej. Txawm hais tias DVT tsis muaj cov cim qhia, los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob thiab tau txais kev kho mob kom raug, koj tuaj yeem kuaj ntshav ntshav hauv txhais ceg.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Paub txog Cov tsos mob ntawm DVT
Kauj Ruam 1. Saib rau qhov o ntawm ob txhais ceg
Vim tias cov ntshav khov tuaj yeem thaiv cov ntshav ntws, cov ntshav yuav nce. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntshav ntws vim tias muaj cov ntshav khov no tuaj yeem ua rau o ntawm ob txhais ceg. Qee zaum, cov tsos mob ntawm DVT tsuas yog qhia los ntawm o.
- Nco ntsoov tias o feem ntau tsuas yog nyob hauv ib txhais ceg, tab sis nws tseem tuaj yeem nyob hauv caj npab.
- Maj mam kov ko taw thiab muab piv rau lub cev noj qab nyob zoo. Qhov o tuaj yeem ua rau me me thiab tsis pom kev kov, tab sis koj tuaj yeem qhia los ntawm hnav lub ris, cov kis las kis las, lossis khau siab.
- Nco ntsoov koj tseem kuaj xyuas thiab hnov cov leeg ntshav ntawm ob txhais ceg.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshaj tawm yog tias ko taw mob lossis mob
Coob leej neeg nrog DVT kuj tau hnov mob thiab mob hauv ob txhais ceg. Hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, lawv piav qhia qhov kev xav zoo li cramping lossis nqaij leeg.
Sau tseg thaum ko taw mob lossis mob kom tsis suav nrog lwm yam ua rau raug mob. Sau tseg seb puas muaj cramps lossis nqaij ntshiv tshwm sim thaum lossis tom qab qoj ib ce, lossis thaum koj tsuas yog taug kev lossis zaum. Tej zaum koj tsuas hnov mob thaum sawv lossis taug kev. Feem ntau, qhov mob pib ntawm tus menyuam thiab kis los ntawm qhov ntawd
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav tias koj txhais taw sov
Hauv qee kis, txhais ceg lossis txhais tes sov sov rau qhov kov. Thaum kuaj xyuas lwm cov tsos mob, tso tes ntawm txhua txhais ceg kom pom tias ib thaj chaw sov dua li lwm qhov.
Nco ntsoov tias qhov sov sov tsuas yog nyob hauv thaj chaw uas o o lossis mob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog lub tswv yim zoo kom hnov tag nrho ko taw yog li koj tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim dua qhov twg nws sov piv rau thaj chaw uas qhov kub tsis txawv
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib seb puas muaj kev hloov xim
Cov tawv nqaij ntawm taw nrog DVT kuj qhia pom xim. Ib daim tawv liab los yog xim daj tuaj yeem qhia tias muaj ntshav khov.
Ceev faj tias qhov kev hloov xim no yuav zoo li pob txha uas yuav tsis ploj mus. Xyuas kom koj mloog zoo seb puas hloov xim lossis nyob qis liab lossis xiav. Yog tias nws tsis hloov pauv, nws tuaj yeem yog lub cim ntawm cov ntshav khov
Kauj Ruam 5. Paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm PE
Cov ntshav khov hauv txhais ceg yuav tsis qhia pom pom lossis tsos mob tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tag nrho lossis ib nrab ntawm cov hlab ntshav txhaws thiab nkag rau hauv koj lub ntsws, koj yuav pom cov tsos mob ntsig txog kev ua pa. Yog tias koj pom ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no, nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim:
- Ua tsis taus pa sai
- Mob hnyav thaum ua pa, uas mob hnyav dua thaum ua pa tob
- Lub plawv dhia ceev heev
- Kev hnoos sai, uas tuaj yeem nrog ntshav los yog hnoos qeev
- Kiv taub hau lossis mob taub hau
- Tsaus muag
Kauj Ruam 6. Txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai rau DVT
Yuav luag txhua tus tuaj yeem txhim kho ntshav khov hauv txhais ceg. Muaj ntau yam kev pheej hmoo uas ua rau DVT. Koj qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav siab dua yog tias koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Koj puas tau muaj kev phais, tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog phais ntawm lub plab, plab, lub duav, lossis hauv caug?
- Haus luam yeeb
- Noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yug menyuam
- Pob txha tawg pob txha
- Kev kho cov tshuaj hormone hloov kho
- Yuav tsum tau so hauv txaj ntev
- Kev raug mob
- Rog dhau los lossis rog dhau
- Cev xeeb tub lossis yug menyuam
- Muaj mob qog noj ntshav
- Kev txom nyem los ntawm kab mob plab hnyuv
- Muaj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm lossis lub plawv nres
- Muaj keeb kwm tus kheej lossis tsev neeg
- Koj puas tau mob stroke?
- Ntau tshaj 60 xyoo
- Zaum rau lub sijhawm ntev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsav tsheb lossis ya
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Tau Txais Kev Kho Mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Tham nrog kws kho mob
Tib txoj hauv kev kom paub tseeb tias koj muaj ntshav khov hauv koj txhais ceg yog nrog kev kuaj mob. Yog tias koj pom cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav khov hauv koj txhais ceg yam tsis muaj tsos mob ntawm PE, teem sijhawm ntsib koj tus kws kho mob kom sai li sai tau. Xyuas kom lub tsev kho mob lossis tsev kho mob paub koj cov laj thawj yog li lawv tuaj yeem teem sijhawm tsis tas ncua. Tus kws kho mob yuav ua qhov kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho, kuaj mob, thiab sau ntawv lossis qhia kev kho kom raug raws li koj tus mob.
Teb tag nrho koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug txog koj cov tsos mob, thaum lawv pib thiab dab tsi tuaj yeem ua rau koj cov tsos mob hnyav dua lossis zoo dua. Xyuas kom koj tus kws kho mob paub yam tshuaj twg uas koj tab tom noj, txawm tias koj tau kho mob qog noj ntshav, lossis tau phais lossis raug mob
Kauj Ruam 2. Muaj kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev
Ua ntej tawm tswv yim rau lwm qhov, kev ntsuam xyuas tob dua, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua qhov kev kuaj lub cev txhawm rau nrhiav cov cim ntawm DVT uas koj yuav tsis pom. Koj ko taw yuav raug tshuaj xyuas. Ib qho ntxiv, tus kws kho mob tseem yuav ntsuas ntshav siab thiab hnov lub plawv dhia thiab lub ntsws.
Qhia lawv yog tias ib feem ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob ua rau mob, xws li mob thaum ua pa tob tob thaum koj tus kws kho mob mloog koj lub plawv thiab lub ntsws nrog lub tshuab raj
Kauj Ruam 3. Khiav kev kuaj mob
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais qhia ntsuas ntxiv txhawm rau txiav txim siab tias koj muaj DVT lossis txiav txim siab tias qhov mob hnyav npaum li cas. Cov kev kuaj mob feem ntau rau DVT yog:
- Ultrasound, uas yog qhov ntsuas DVT ntau tshaj. Cov txheej txheem no yuav siv cov duab ntawm cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv ob txhais ceg kom tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas qhov quav zoo dua.
- Kev ntsuas D-dimer, uas ntsuas cov khoom hauv cov ntshav uas tau tso tawm thaum cov ntshav khov. Ib qib siab qhia txog cov ntshav txhaws tob.
- Muab kauv CT scan ntawm lub hauv siab lossis tso pa tawm/tso tawm (VQ) kom tshem tawm cov xwm txheej ntawm mob ntsws hauv lub ntsws.
- Venography, uas tau ua thaum ultrasound tsis muab kev kuaj pom tseeb. Cov txheej txheem no cuam tshuam nrog kev txhaj tshuaj zas thiab xoo hluav taws xob uas ua rau pom cov leeg ntshav. X-duab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem qhia pom tias cov ntshav ntws qeeb, uas yog lub cim ntawm cov hlab ntshav sib sib zog nqus.
- Sib nqus resonance imaging (MRI) lossis khoos phis tawj tom qab (CT) txhawm rau thaij duab ntawm lub cev. Qhov kev ntsuas no txawv txav rau DVT, tab sis muaj ntau dua rau kev kuaj mob PE.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Kho Cov Mob Ntshav Hauv Taw
Kauj Ruam 1. Noj tshuaj anticoagulants
Yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tias muaj DVT, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua kom tsis txhob txhaws los ntawm kev loj hlob, tiv thaiv cov hlab ntshav los ntawm kev tawg thiab taug kev mus rau lub ntsws, thiab txo txoj hauv kev los ua lwm yam khov. Txoj hauv kev feem ntau uas kws kho mob ua yog sau tshuaj anticoagulants, lossis ua kom cov ntshav thinner. Cov tshuaj no muaj nyob ua ib ntsiav tshuaj, txhaj tshuaj rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij, lossis txhaj tshuaj. Cov neeg mob uas muaj mob DVT yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob rau kev kho tshuaj anticoagulant.
- Nco ntsoov koj nug txog cov khw muag ntshav kom haus. Ob hom tshuaj nquag tshaj plaws yog warfarin thiab heparin. Thaum pib, koj tuaj yeem pib nrog heparin thiab tom qab ntawd txuas nrog warfarin. Warfarin tau muab rau hauv daim ntawv tshuaj thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv xws li mob taub hau, ua pob, thiab plaub hau poob. Heparin muaj nyob rau ntau hom ntawv, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tham txog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj rau koj. Heparin tseem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li ntshav, tawv nqaij tawv, mob taub hau, thiab mob plab.
- Nco ntsoov tias koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau tshuaj heparin thiab warfarin tib lub sijhawm. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem raug sau tshuaj muag ntshav xws li enoxaparin (Lovenox), dalteparin (Fragmin), lossis fondaparinux (Arixtra).
- Ua raws tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom koj txoj kev kho mob muaj txiaj ntsig. Noj ntau dua lossis tsawg dua ntawm cov tshuaj yuav ua rau muaj kev phiv loj. Txheeb xyuas txhua lub limtiam kom kuaj ntshav lossis raws li koj tus kws kho mob hais.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txais qhov lim dej cog
Qee tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj thim ntshav los yog anticoagulants tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho ntshav khov. Hauv qhov no, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem hais qhia tus txheej txheem txhawm rau ntxig lub lim dej rau hauv vena cava, uas yog cov hlab ntshav loj hauv plab. Lub lim dej no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov pob txha uas tau tawg hauv ob txhais ceg los ntawm kev txav mus rau lub ntsws.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua kom cov hlab ntshav khov nrog cov hlab ntshav
Cov mob hnyav ntawm DVT xav tau cov tshuaj hu ua thrombolytics, uas tseem hu ua cov tawg tawg. Cov tshuaj no ua rau tawg, uas lub cev ib txwm ua nrog lwm cov tshuaj.
- Nco ntsoov tias thrombolytics muaj qhov pheej hmoo ua rau los ntshav, thiab lawv tsuas yog yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv qhov mob hnyav lossis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej.
- Nco ntsoov tias vim lawv qhov mob hnyav, cov ntshav txhaws tsuas yog muab hauv cov tsev kho mob hnyav. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab cov tshuaj no los ntawm IV lossis cov raj tso ncaj qha rau hauv cov hlab ntshav.
Kauj Ruam 4. Muab cov thom khwm tso rau hauv
Ua ntxiv rau kev kho DVT, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom koj hnav thom khwm thom khwm. Cov thom khwm no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev o ntxiv nrog rau kev txhim kho thiab ntshav khov hauv ob txhais ceg.
- Tau txais cov thom khwm uas muaj qhov loj me los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus muab khoom siv kho mob. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj muaj lub zog txaus los tiv thaiv kev txhaws. Cov thom khwm ntawm txhua qhov ntau thiab tsawg yuav tsis zoo li cov thom khwm tshwj xeeb tau ua rau koj.
- Hnav cov thom khwm rau ob rau peb xyoos, yog tias ua tau.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua haujlwm
Thrombectomy yog ib hom kev phais siv los tshem tawm cov ntshav khov los ntawm txhais ceg. Cov txheej txheem no tau ua nyob rau qee kis, xws li yog tias cov hlab ntshav loj heev, hnyav dua, lossis tsis hnov mob rau tshuaj.
