Paub paub yuav ua li cas pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg uas muaj kev phom sij yog lub luag haujlwm rau tib neeg thiab cov tswv lag luam. Kev phom sij txaus ntshai tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg, tsiaj txhu thiab ib puag ncig. Cov pov tseg no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ua kua, kua, roj, lossis nag lossis daus. Tsoomfwv tau ua kom yooj yim dua rau pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg uas muaj kev phom sij yog li tsis muaj laj thawj los muab pov tseg yam tsis quav ntsej.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Nkag Siab Lub Ntsiab Cai Ntawm Cov Khib Nyiam
Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev phom sij txaus ntshai
Cov phom sij phom sij tsis tuaj yeem pov tseg hauv qhov chaw pov tseg (TPA) zoo li cov khib nyiab feem ntau. Cov pov tseg no yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg los ntawm cov txheej txheem kom raug thiaj li tsis ua mob rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig. Nov yog plaub yam ntxwv ntawm cov khib nyiab uas tsim kev puas tsuaj:
- Nplaim taws. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov khib nyiab tuaj yeem pib tua hluav taws sai. Cov pov tseg tau suav tias yog cov nplaim taws yog tias nws muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws kub ntawm 60 degrees Celsius.
- Acid/puag corrosive pov tseg uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau txheej.
- Reactive pov tseg uas tsis ruaj tsis khov nyob rau ib txwm muaj xwm txheej. Cov pov tseg no tuaj yeem ua rau tawg, ntxiv rau cov pa lom, roj cua thiab cov pa tawm thaum ua kom sov.
- Cov tshuaj lom pov tseg uas txaus ntshai lossis tuag taus thaum nqus tau lossis nqus tau. Cov pov tseg no tuaj yeem ua rau dej hauv av yog tias tsis muab pov tseg kom zoo.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua lub luag haujlwm rau cov khoom pov tseg uas koj tsim
Lub luag haujlwm los pov tseg cov khib nyiab no tsis yog dag. Kev pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg uas muaj kev phom sij raug cai los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws.
Cov tuam txhab uas tsis ua raws txoj cai yuav raug nplua thiab lwm yam kev nplua raws li txoj cai lij choj siv
Kauj Ruam 3. Kawm txoj cai hauv nroog
Yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws, suav nrog Indonesia, muaj cov cai lij choj hais txog kev pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg pov tseg. Txhua lub tebchaws muaj cov txheej txheem thiab cov cai sib txawv. Hauv tebchaws Indonesia, cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm thiab pov tseg cov khib nyiab hauv txhua lub nroog feem ntau yog kev tswj hwm los ntawm Environmental Agency (BLH).
Kauj Ruam 4. Txheeb xyuas ntau yam pov tseg uas tau muab cais ua pov tseg
Muaj ntau tus neeg uas tsis paub tias lawv tab tom cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom pov tseg uas muaj kev phom sij. Ua tibzoo saib cov npe khoom lag luam uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muab pov tseg yam tsis saib xyuas hauv qab no:
- Cov khoom siv tsheb. Cov khoom lag luam hauv nqe lus nug suav nrog cov khoom ua kom khov, kua, roj cav, thiab roj av.
- Hom roj teeb sib txawv
- Cov teeb roj teeb. Feem ntau cov qhov muag teev muaj cov mercury.
- Cov cuab yeej tu tsev, xws li cov kua ammonia, cov tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws, thiab tshem cov xeb.
- Xim.
- Tshuaj rau vaj.
- Cov tshuaj siv hauv pas dej da.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Muab pov tseg Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Teeb Meem Hauv Tsev
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas cov khib nyiab hauv tsev uas suav tias yog pov tseg pov tseg
Kev phom sij txaus ntshai tuaj yeem nrhiav tau yooj yim hauv tsev. Nov yog qee yam ntawm cov pov tseg uas muaj kev phom sij uas koj yuav pom feem ntau hauv koj lub tsev:
- Tshuaj ntxuav tu tshuaj siab
- Xim/tiner
- Antifreeze (rau tsheb)
- Tshuaj tua kab tshuaj lom
- Tshuaj tua kab/tshuaj tua kab
Kauj Ruam 2. Siv qhov chaw khaws khib nyiab
Feem ntau ntawm cov tsev nyob twb muaj cov cai tswj kev pov tseg. Tsis txhob muab cov khib nyiab pov tseg pov tseg pov tseg. Ib puag ncig yuav tiv thaiv zoo dua yog tias koj cais cov thoob khib nyiab. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov kev pabcuam khaws cov khib nyiab tsis tau tshwj xeeb los ntawm lub xeev yog li koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem siv qhov kev pabcuam no. Tau kawg, yuav muaj tus nqi rau khaws cov thoob khib nyiab hauv tsev.
- Txheeb xyuas qhov chaw pov tseg ze tshaj plaws los saib seb koj lub tsev puas tuaj yeem siv cov kev pabcuam pov tseg.
- Muaj ntau hom sib txawv ntawm cov khib nyiab uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntau hom pov tseg. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem thov lub thawv tshwj xeeb rau kev pov tseg cov roj teeb, siv lub koob txhaj tshuaj, lossis lub hnab muaj zog ntxiv rau pov tseg hnyav.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nrhiav qhov chaw pov tseg lossis chaw tswj hwm
Rau cov ntawm koj uas tsis tuaj yeem siv cov kev pabcuam pov tseg hauv tsev, xa ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg yog qhov kev xaiv uas koj tuaj yeem sim. Feem ntau tsoomfwv hauv nroog cov vev xaib tau nruab nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov chaw pov tseg lossis kev tswj pov tseg. Feem ntau, cov chaw pov tseg pov tseg twb muaj lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb rau kev tswj hwm yam xws li pleev xim, siv roj, thiab ntau lwm yam tsev neeg pov tseg.
Kauj Ruam 4. Sim muab cov khib nyiab pov tseg pov tseg
Tej zaum koj yuav tuaj yeem siv qee qhov pov tseg tom tsev. Qee qhov chaw tswj pov tseg tau txais cov ntaub ntawv xws li roj teeb thiab xov tooj ntawm tes tsis tu ncua rau kev rov ua dua tshiab. Nrhiav cov hauv kev los siv cov khoom pov tseg pov tseg. Feem ntau cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov zej zog feem ntau lees txais cov xim pleev xim uas tseem tuaj yeem siv tau. Yog li cia li muab rau cov uas xav tau.
Mus rau koj lub khw kho tsheb hauv ib cheeb tsam kom muag koj cov khoom siv roj tsheb uas tshuav. Qee lub khw kho txawm tias lees txais cov khoom lag luam xws li cov kua tshuaj ua kom khov rau rov ua dua tshiab
Kauj Ruam 5. Thov xa cov khoom xa rov qab tuaj
Qee lub koom haum, xws li Lub Chaw Haujlwm Ib puag ncig, txaus siab xa cov cuab yeej siv rov ua dua tshiab los daws cov tsev neeg pov tseg. Tom qab lees paub koj qhov chaw nyob, feem ntau koj yuav tsum ua daim ntawv online. Hauv daim foos koj yuav tsum sau qee cov ntaub ntawv hais txog yam pov tseg thiab koj qhov chaw nyob. Cov cuab yeej yuav raug xa los ntawm kev xa ntawv. Hom cuab yeej muab yog nyob ntawm hom khib nyiab uas koj qhia hauv daim ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 6. Npaj kev txav chaw pov tseg ib puag ncig
Yog tias tsis muaj cov txheej txheem pov tseg zoo, lub zej zog yuav xav koom nrog thiab ua haujlwm ua ke. Koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa qhov chaw pov tseg pov tseg txaus ntshai nyob hauv koj thaj chaw yog tias nws tsis muaj lawm. Hu rau qhov chaw tswj hwm pov tseg ze tshaj plaws kom paub seb yuav npaj cov txheej txheem khaws cov pov tseg hauv tsev li cas.
- Kev khaws cov khib nyiab tuaj yeem ua tas li lossis tsuas yog ib zaug.
- Koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kev tswj pov tseg txog kev tuav pov tseg cov phom sij. Tsis txhob muab pov tseg pov tseg ntawm tes.
Kauj Ruam 7. Siv cov khoom lag luam uas tsis muaj cov tshuaj phem
Yuav cov khoom koj xav tau raws li xav tau thiab nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov khoom lag luam yog tias muaj. Hloov chaw ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws, koj tuaj yeem nruab lub lim dej kom tiv thaiv cov av nkag mus rau hauv qhov dej. Yaug lub qhov dej nrog dej kub lossis dej sov sov.
- Siv cov dej qab zib ci thiab txhuam cov xaim tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntxuav tais diav.
- Txiav txim siab siv cov khoom tsis muaj aerosol xws li tshuaj tsuag deodorizing. Hloov chaw, nphoo ci dej qab zib tawm hauv qhov qhib lossis ua ib txoj hlua txiv kab ntxwv deodorizer.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Kev Pov Tseg Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Teeb Meem
Kauj Ruam 1. Ntiav ib tus kws paub txog kev paub dhau los
Lub tuam txhab yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov muaj kev tswj hwm pov tseg. Cov kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem raug caw tuaj rau koj qhov chaw lag luam los tshuaj xyuas cov pov tseg uas twb muaj lawm thiab muab kev xav. Lawv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab hom kev pov tseg raws li pab pawg thiab tus nqi. Hauv tebchaws Indonesia, cov khoom lag luam pov tseg txaus ntshai hu ua B3 pov tseg. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm B3 pov tseg raws li lawv keeb kwm:
- Cov khoom pov tseg, uas yog pov tseg los ntawm zaub mov thiab tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam. Qhov pov tseg no tuaj yeem yog cov khoom hnyav, kua, thiab roj cua uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam.
- Cov khaub ncaws pov tseg, uas yog cov khoom pov tseg tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim ntawm hnav cov khaub ncaws thiab khaub ncaws, xws li cov ntawv batik. Cov pov tseg no yog dej siv los ntxuav daim ntaub uas tau muab ziab kom nws muaj cov tshuaj lom txaus ntshai.
- Hlau thiab hluav taws xob pov tseg. Cov pov tseg no yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim lossis ua cov hlau thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua cov hmoov av thiab cov khoom phom sij xws li carbon monoxide (CO) roj.
- Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, B3 pov tseg tau muab cais raws qhov ntim pov tseg uas tsim los ntawm cov chaw lag luam. Qhov kev faib tawm no tau tswj hwm nruj los ntawm EPA (Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig).
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua raws ntau txoj haujlwm tshaj tawm txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev phom sij rau kev lag luam
Txoj haujlwm no feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm Lub Chaw Saib Xyuas Ib puag ncig ib puag ncig (BLH). Los ntawm kev ua raws nws, koj tuaj yeem pom cov txheej txheem raug rau kev daws teeb meem phom sij hauv koj lub tuam txhab. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, muaj cov haujlwm zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv lub npe WasteWise. Txoj haujlwm no tuaj yeem pab cov tswv lag luam txhim kho lawv cov lag luam yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig.
Kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb yuav qhib rau cov hauv kev los nthuav kev lag luam sib txuas thiab tau txais kev nkag siab rau pej xeem
Kauj Ruam 3. Xav txog kev txo cov khib nyiab uas tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom
Ntau lub tuam txhab tab tom nrhiav rau txoj hauv kev los txo cov tshuaj uas siv tsawg tsawg kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai. Nov yog qee txoj hauv kev pom zoo los ntawm Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig (EPA) hauv Tebchaws Meskas:
- Kev tsim khoom lag luam, uas yog ib txoj hauv kev txo qis los ntawm kev tshem tawm kev siv cov tshuaj uas tsis xav tau tiag tiag.
- Lub zog rov ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tsim tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem roj av. Kev tso roj yog txheej txheem los hloov cov khoom siv cov pa roj carbon rau hauv cov pa hluavtaws. Cov roj no tuaj yeem siv ua roj rau tsim hluav taws xob, ntxiv rau ntau lub hom phiaj.
- Ib puag ncig Kev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem (EMS) yog txheej txheem los tshuaj xyuas lub tuam txhab cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg ntawm ib puag ncig.
- Tshuaj ntsuab ntsuab yog tsim los tsim cov khoom lag luam thiab tshuaj muaj peev xwm daws tau cov tshuaj phom sij.
Kauj Ruam 4. Txo kev siv cov khoom phom sij thiab sim pib siv dua tshiab
Feem ntau cov khoom lag luam uas muaj peev xwm dhau los ua kev phom sij txaus ntshai tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab, lossis rov ua dua tshiab. Cov txheej txheem no yog ib qho kev tshem tawm qhov siv tau ntawm ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem tau txais acetone los ntawm kev ntxuav cov tshuaj thiab ua cov hlau.
- Zinc tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm qhov cub tawg.
- Siv cov roj, cov khoom siv hydraulic, lub tshuab txias txias, thiab ntau yam khoom tuaj yeem pom hauv tsheb siv thiab tub yees.
- Cov roj teeb kuj tuaj yeem siv tau.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nrhiav thaj chaw pov tseg
Cov chaw pov tseg pov tseg uas muaj phom sij suav nrog Qhov Chaw Pov Hwm Zaum Kawg (TPA), cov chaw khaws cov khib nyiab, thiab cov qhov txhab txhaj tshuaj. Cov chaw no tau raug saib xyuas los ntawm tsoomfwv kom tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv, nrog rau txo qis qhov tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig ib puag ncig.
Kauj Ruam 6. Xyuas kom daim ntawv tso cai koj muaj tseem siv tau
Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Ib puag ncig thiab Hav Zoov tuaj yeem tso cai tso cai kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub lag luam muaj kev tswj hwm pov tseg zoo, khaws cia thiab pov tseg. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov ntawv tso cai no feem ntau yog muab los ntawm tsoomfwv hauv lub xeev lossis cov neeg lis haujlwm hauv EPA. Cov ntawv thov kev tso cai kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua online.
