Coob leej neeg hais tias luag zoo nkauj yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws uas peb muaj, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus txaus siab rau lub xeev ntawm lawv cov hniav. Thaum kev zawm hniav tau txiav txim siab yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom ncaj cov hniav, tsis yog txhua tus nyiam cov hlau zoo li tus zawm hniav. Hmoov zoo, muaj lwm txoj hauv kev kom ncaj koj cov hniav yam tsis xav tau kev zawm hniav; Cov txheej txheem no nyob ntawm tus neeg qhov kev xav tau kev kho hniav.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Tiv Thaiv Kev Kho Hniav
Kauj Ruam 1. Tsis txhob tsaug zog ntawm koj lub plab
Cov hniav tuaj yeem sib tshooj thiab sib tshooj vim qhov qeeb tab sis sab hauv siab ntawm cov hniav. Ib qho ntawm qhov tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm tus mob no yog tsaug zog ntawm koj lub plab, uas tseem ua rau muaj kev sib zog ntau dua ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab ntau ntawm cov hniav. Lub siab yuav nce ntxiv yog tias koj tso koj txhais caj npab lossis ib yam dab tsi khov hauv koj lub taub hau thaum tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw nquag. Txawm hais tias qhov no yog txoj hauv kev uas koj nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm kev pw tsaug zog, sim pw hauv qhov chaw ib txwm muaj lossis ntawm koj sab kom tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog vim qhov kev ntsuas no.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tsis txhob tuav koj lub ntsej muag nrog koj txhais tes txhua hnub
Niaj hnub no, nrog ntau tus neeg siv lawv tag nrho hnub tom qab lub rooj ua haujlwm lossis kawm, qhov teeb meem no tau dhau los ua ntau dua rau cov neeg uas muaj lub cev tsis zoo. Thaum koj ntsaws rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub rooj thiab so koj lub taub hau ntawm koj txhais caj npab, txoj haujlwm no tuaj yeem tso siab tas li ntawm ib feem ntawm koj lub puab tsaig. Qhov siab no maj mam thawb cov hniav sab hauv, thiab ua rau cov hniav ntawm qee qhov ntawm lub ntsej muag qaij.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, sim ua kom ncaj koj lub cev los ntawm kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj tau zaum ncaj qha rau ntawm koj lub pob tw thiab tsis nyob hauv qab ntawm koj lub nraub qaum. Ncaj koj lub cev qis yuav pab tso koj lub cev sab sauv kom zoo tiv thaiv caj dab kom qaug thiab xav kom so koj lub taub hau ntawm koj txhais tes
Kauj Ruam 3. Tso tus ntiv tes xoo lossis lwm yam cwj pwm ntawm kev nqus
Ntxiv rau qhov siab los ntawm sab hauv lub qhov ncauj, txoj haujlwm ntawm cov hniav kuj tseem tuaj yeem qaij nrog sab nraud. Qhov xwm txheej no feem ntau tshwm sim rau menyuam yaus uas muaj tus cwj pwm nyiam nqus ntiv tes ntau dhau; txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov laus uas muaj tus cwj pwm zoo sib xws tuaj yeem ua rau qhov no. Siv cov quav cab, tom tus cwj mem, thiab ua cov pos hniav ua rau lub zog zoo ib yam li tus ntiv tes xoo thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov hniav khoov mus rau tom ntej. Sim ua txhaum tus cwj pwm uas tso siab rau koj lub qhov ncauj.
Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem siv quav nyab, nco ntsoov hloov cov quav quav mus rau tom qab ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj thiab tsis txhob ntsaws nws rau ntawm koj cov hniav tom hauv ntej
Kauj Ruam 4. Npog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hniav los ntawm cov hniav tawg
Nws yog ib txwm rau menyuam cov hniav kom poob tawm thiab hloov nrog cov hniav tas mus li, tab sis yog tias koj cov hniav tas mus li, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau, suav nrog cov hniav nkhaus. Cov neeg laus yuav plam lawv cov hniav los ntawm kev rho tawm lossis teeb meem nrog lawv cov hniav, raug mob rau cov hniav, lossis tej zaum vim tias cov hniav tas mus li uas yuav tsum tau hloov pauv tus menyuam mos yuav tsis tawg. Qhov sib txawv uas tsim los ntawm kev poob ntawm cov hniav tso siab rau cov hniav uas tsis ntog tawm, ua rau cov hniav uas twb muaj lawm hloov thiab ua qaij. Npog txhua qhov khoob nrog cov zawm hniav, txuas hniav, cog hniav, lossis cov hniav cuav ib nrab yuav tiv thaiv qhov no.
Kev txav ntawm cov hniav mus rau qhov sib txawv uas twb muaj lawm kuj yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntuj hu ua "mesialization" uas txhais tau tias cov hniav zoo li txav mus rau tom ntej
Kauj Ruam 5. Tshem koj cov hniav txhab thaum lub sijhawm los txog
Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tuaj yeem qhia tias los ntawm kev tso cai rau koj cov hniav txhab kom loj tuaj thiab tsis rub lawv tawm, koj cov hniav yuav tsis sib dhos rau saum ib leeg, tab sis qhov tseeb no tsis siv rau txhua tus. Yog tias koj cov hniav muaj kev loj hlob txawv txav lossis koj cov hniav twb nyob hauv txoj haujlwm sib tshooj, cov hniav tsis ntev los no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv txoj haujlwm hniav sai.
Los ntawm kev mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua thiab siv x-ray ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj thiab lub puab tsaig, koj tuaj yeem paub ntxov yog tias qhov xwm txheej no yuav tshwm sim rau koj, thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tshem nws sai li sai tau thaum koj tus kws kho mob qhia koj kom ua li ntawd. Tso cai rau qhov no yuav ua rau mob hauv koj lub qhov ncauj thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau cov hniav tsis loj tuaj ib txwm
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Nrhiav Tus Kws Kho Hniav Tshwj Xeeb
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav seb koj tsis nyiam dab tsi txog koj cov hniav
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej xav paub seb koj xav hloov dab tsi ntawm koj cov hniav kom koj tuaj yeem qhia meej qhov ntawd rau tus kws kho mob koj mus ntsib lwm zaus. Qee hom kev kho mob tsuas tuaj yeem hais txog qee yam teeb meem ntawm kev kho hniav, yog li los ntawm qhov pom meej ntawm yam koj xav tau rau koj cov hniav, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb hom kev kho twg yog qhov zoo rau koj.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav kom paub txog pawg kws kho hniav pom zoo kho hniav hauv koj thaj chaw
Cov kws kho hniav thiab kws kho hniav sib txawv: sib nrug los ntawm kev kho hniav, cov kws kho hniav tseem tau kawm los kawm txog kev txhim kho cov hniav thiab cov ntsej muag nyuaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tau ntsib nrog kws kho hniav tshwj xeeb, tsis yog kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua, los tham txog kev npaj kho mob. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub seb tus kws kho mob koj tab tom pom muaj ntawv pov thawj los ntawm kws kho hniav koom nrog vim qhov no tuaj yeem lav tias koj tus kws kho mob tau ntawv tso cai ua qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab tau dhau kev qhia paub.
Hauv cov teeb meem nyuaj, tus kws kho hniav yuav xav tau kev pab ntawm tus kws phais qhov ncauj lossis kws phais neeg maxillofacial los muab kev saib xyuas zoo
Kauj Ruam 3. Teem sijhawm nrog koj tus kws kho hniav tham txog kev kho mob
Tej zaum koj yuav tau ua koj cov kev tshawb fawb txog qhov no, tab sis tsuas yog tus neeg uas tuaj yeem qhia meej txog koj cov kev xaiv uas koj muaj thaum hais txog cov khoom siv kho hniav yog koj tus kws kho hniav. Qee lub sij hawm hnav cov zawm hniav yog tib txoj hauv kev los daws koj cov teeb meem. Yog tias tsis yog, nws tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb los tham txog lwm txoj hauv kev thiab mloog koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia. Qee cov lus nug uas tuaj yeem pab koj nug koj tus kws kho mob suav nrog:
- Dab tsi mus rau hauv txoj kev npaj kho mob, thiab kuv yuav raug txim dab tsi yog tias kuv xaiv tsis siv ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv tam sim no?
- Tus Kws Kho Mob txiav txim siab tus nqi kho mob li cas thiab xaiv qhov kev them nyiaj twg? Ib qho ntxiv, cov phiaj xwm kev pov hwm them nqi kho mob uas kws kho mob pom zoo yog dab tsi?
- Hom kev taug qab twg yuav raug siv rau hom kev kho mob no thaum txhua yam ua tiav?
- Tus Kws Kho Mob puas muab koj tus neeg mob siv rau qhov no lossis puas muaj cov duab ntawm tus neeg mob ua ntej thiab tom qab kho?
Kauj Ruam 4. Tau txais qhov kev xav thib ob
Nws tau pom zoo kom tau txais ob rau peb qhov kev xav los ntawm lwm tus ua ntej txiav txim siab mus txuas ntxiv nrog txoj kev kho mob uas koj tau xaiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tau raug qhia kom tshem tawm cov hniav yav dhau los lossis koj li teeb meem nyuaj. Ntau tus kws kho hniav hais txog kev hnav cov hniav txawm tias muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, tab sis cov kws paub txog kev noj qab haus huv pom zoo tias tsis muaj "ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj" los daws qhov teeb meem no. Kev sib tham thiab tham nrog ntau tus kws kho hniav yuav pab koj nrhiav hom kev kho mob uas koj nyiam thiab tuaj yeem them taus.
Kauj Ruam 5. Txiav txim siab tus kws kho hniav uas yuav kho koj thiab ua tiav cov txheej txheem pib
Tom qab xaiv kws kho mob uas koj ntseeg siab, feem ntau yuav teem sijhawm sib tham tom qab teem sijhawm rau koj. Thaum lub rooj sib tham no tus kws kho mob yuav ua rau koj lub qhov ncauj zoo siab thiab koj tseem yuav tau xoo hluav taws xob ntawm koj lub ntsej muag thiab lub puab tsaig. Siv ob yam no, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yuav tsum ua dab tsi txhawm rau txhim kho koj lub ntsej muag thiab tseem tuaj yeem piav qhia ntxaws txog hom kev kho mob rau koj cov hniav. Nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas koj cov kev xaiv thiab xaiv txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Xaiv Hom Tshuaj Zoo Tshaj Plaws
Kauj Ruam 1. Xav txog kev siv lub ntsej muag kom pom tseeb lossis pom tseeb
Qhov kev xav ntawm kev kho hniav pob tshab yog hom khov kho ntawm cov xaim tshem tau thiab feem ntau tau txiav txim. Hom xaim no yooj yim swb ntawm cov hniav thiab maj mam ua nws tawm. Vim tias sab hauv ntawm tus menyuam lub qhov ncauj tseem tab tom tsim, hom pwm no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov hluas lossis cov neeg laus uas nws muaj cov tshuaj tsw qab. Hom kev kho mob no feem ntau yog siv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob sib tshooj lossis sib nrug ntawm cov teeb meem yooj yim mus rau qhov nyuaj, thiab tsis yog rau teeb meem kho hniav xws li mob hnyav heev ntawm lub puab tsaig qis, ua tiav ntawm lub puab tsaig sab saud, lossis lwm yam teeb meem uas ntau ntxiv nyuaj. Hom kev kho mob no feem ntau siv sijhawm li 10 txog 24 lub hlis, thiab raug nqi ib puag ncig IDR 50,000,000 (xyoo 2013). Kuj tseem muaj qee yam los xav txog:
- Ib qhov zoo ntawm kev nyiam huv hniav yog tias lawv tshem tau yooj yim, ua kom yooj yim los ntxuav thiab tswj qhov ncauj huv.
- Hnav cov kev xav ntawm cov hniav xav kom tus neeg mob hloov kho rau lawv. Yog tias nws tsis siv ntau zaus, lub sijhawm kho yuav ntev dua.
- Cov kev nyiam kho hniav no yuav tsum tau siv tas li. Yog tsis yog, koj yuav tau siv nws ntev dua.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nug txog kev zawm hniav lingual
Lingual braces zoo ib yam li kev zawm hniav tsis tu ncua, tshwj tsis yog tias lawv nyob tom qab ntawm cov hniav. Lawv siv tib qho txheej txheem ntawm cov zawm hniav kom maj nrawm thiab ncaj lawv cov hniav, thiab feem ntau kav ntev txog 6 txog 24 lub hlis, nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm kev kho. Hom kev kho mob no yog qhov zoo rau cov neeg hnub nyoog 10 xyoo thiab tshaj nrog ntau cov hniav los ntawm ib txwm mus rau qhov hnyav tshaj plaws. Raws li nrog kev xav ntawm kev kho hniav, kev zawm hniav lingual yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov tib neeg uas tsis xav qhia lawv cov zaws, vim cov hom kev zawm hniav no nyuaj me ntsis kom pom. Tau kawg, tus nqi ntawm hom kev zawm hniav no kim dua li cov hniav zawm hniav, uas nyob ib puag ncig Rp. 12,000,000-Rp 17,000,000 (xyoo 2013) nyob ntawm seb qhov nyuaj thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub sijhawm kho li cas. Koj kuj yuav tsum khaws cov no hauv siab:
- Thaum xub thawj, koj yuav tsis xis nyob txaus nrog cov hom kev zawm hniav no thiab koj yuav xav tau qee lub sijhawm los siv rau lawv. Coob leej neeg ntsib kev khaus sab hauv ntawm lub qhov ncauj vim kev sib txhuam ntawm lawv cov zawm hniav thiab lawv tus nplaig.
- Cov zawv zawg no yuav ua rau tsis xis hnav thaum xub thawj, yog li nws yuav siv qee qhov los siv. Coob leej neeg ntsib kev khaus khaus los ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm cov zawm hniav thiab tus nplaig.
- Cov neeg uas hnav hom kev zawm hniav no feem ntau muaj teeb meem hais lus, txawm hais tias tsis tas mus li, thiab tseem dhau mus.
Kauj Ruam 3. Sim siv lub palatal expander lossis palatal expander
Qhov khoom siv no, tseem hu ua tus nthuav dav maxillary lossis kho hniav dav dua, tau siv los nthuav dav maxilla kom cov hniav saum toj thiab hauv qab tuaj yeem haum ua ke tau zoo dua. Lub palatal extender yog cov ntsia hlau uas txuas rau cov hniav nrog cov roj hmab uas tuaj yeem tig nrog tus yuam sij kom qhib lub puab tsaig. Palatal txuas ntxiv tuaj yeem pab daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txhuam hniav los ntawm muab cov hniav qhov chaw txav mus ib txwm rau hauv lawv txoj haujlwm raug. Cov cuab yeej no tau siv zoo tshaj plaws rau menyuam yaus thiab tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog qis dua 15 xyoos vim tias lawv cov pob txha maxillary tseem tuaj yeem tsim tau. Tus nqi ntawm lub palatal dav dua li ntawm $ 1,000 - $ 3,000, lossis ib puag ncig Rp. 13,000,000 - Rp. 40,000,000 nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm kev kho mob. Thov nco ntsoov:
- Thaum cov txheej txheem nthuav dav tiav, khaws cov cuab yeej hauv koj lub qhov ncauj li ntawm peb lub hlis ntxiv kom ruaj ntseg cov hniav thiab cov kab hauv qhov maxillary ua ntej koj tuaj yeem tshem lawv.
- Siv lub palatal extender yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho hniav ntau zaus, uas feem ntau muaj qhov xauv tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem ua rau koj qhov palatal dav.
- Kev tso pa tawm ntawm lub puab tsaig tuaj yeem mob heev rau qee lub sijhawm thiab qee zaum ua rau tsis hais lus tas mus li thiab ua rau lub qhov ncauj tsis zoo.
Kauj Ruam 4. Xaiv cov hlau uas tshem tau lossis tus qauv tuav tseg
Cov xov hlau tshem tau muaj ob hom: tsau lossis ruaj khov thiab tshem tau, thiab tau ua rau sab saud lossis qis dua ntawm lub qhov ncauj txhawm rau txhim kho thiab ncaj cov hniav. Feem ntau cov cuab yeej no yog siv los tuav txoj haujlwm ntawm cov hniav tom qab kho nrog cov zawm hniav lossis cov pob tshab tuaj; txawm li cas los xij, cov zaws tshem tau qee zaum kuj tseem siv tau ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog los kho qhov chaw me ntsis hniav tsis zoo.
- Tus nqi yog los ntawm IDR 750,000 - IDR 2,000,000 raws li qib kev nyuaj thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub sijhawm kho.
- Hom kab zauv kho tau muab tso rau tom qab cov hniav kom lawv tsis pom.
- Lub caij no, cov xaim tshem tau yooj yim los ntxuav kom tswj tau qhov ncauj huv.
Kauj Ruam 5. Los yog koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov hniav hniav
Kuj tseem hu ua cov plooj (veneers) lossis cov hniav hniav, cov hniav hniav yog cov plooj (veneers) raws cov hniav uas tau muab tso rau saum cov hniav. Cov cuab yeej no haum rau cov neeg mob uas muaj cov hniav sib txawv, cov hniav tawg, lossis cov hniav uas tau hloov xim. Txhawm rau txhim kho nws, tus kws kho mob tshem tawm cov txheej txheej nyias txheej ntawm cov hniav thiab siv tshwj xeeb cov veneers uas tau xaiv rau tus neeg mob cov hniav siv lub teeb pom kev zoo. Hom txheej txheem no feem ntau ua tiav hauv ib lub rooj sib tham, yog li cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem pom sai dua.
- Veneers yog kim heev, thiab feem ntau yog los ntawm IDR 2,000,000 txog IDR 10,000,000 rau txhua tus hniav.
- Qhov kev kho mob no tsis tshua muaj neeg siv dua li cov neeg laus, vim tias lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog veneer loj, thaum lub ntsej muag zoo li menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas tseem tab tom hloov pauv.
Kauj Ruam 6. Kawm txog kev txhuam hniav
Contouring, tseem hu ua kev hloov kho hniav, ua tiav los ntawm kev tshem tawm ib feem ntawm txheej txheej txheej ntawm cov hniav lossis siv cov xim ntawm tib xim zoo li cov hniav txhawm rau txhim kho cov hniav. Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav rau cov neeg mob laus dua, vim qhov kev xaiv no nyob ruaj khov, thiab tej zaum yuav tsis haum rau cov hluas thiab menyuam yaus loj hlob. Vim tias lawv raug txiav txim siab txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov hniav
- Hom kev kho mob no feem ntau ua tiav hauv ib zaug thiab tus nqi yog los ntawm IDR 450,000 txog IDR 750,000 (xyoo 2012) rau txhua tus hniav nyob ntawm seb yuav ua haujlwm ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov hniav.
- Tsis tas li nco ntsoov tias kev sib xyaw nrog cov yas sib txuas tsis ntev thiab xav tau kev sib txuas ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 7. Sim Herbst
Cov cuab yeej no pab ncaj cov hniav los ntawm kev kho qhov chaw ntawm lub puab tsaig. Nws muaj tus pas hlau uas txuas rau pem hauv ntej rau tus hniav hauv qab puab tsaig kom pab kho qhov tom. Txoj kev ntawd, koj lub puab tsaig qis thiab sab saud tuaj yeem sib ntsib, pab ua kom koj cov hniav ncaj.
- Koj yuav tsum hnav cov cuab yeej no rau ib xyoos kom lub puab tsaig qis tuaj yeem hloov mus rau txoj haujlwm raug.
- Cov cuab yeej no yuav qhia thaum hnav thiab nws yuav siv sijhawm los muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
Kauj Ruam 8. Siv lub mloog pob ntseg
Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ncaj cov hniav los ntawm nias ntawm cov hniav sab saud thiab puab tsaig kom pab hloov lub puab tsaig thiab cov hniav mus rau qhov chaw raug.
Cov cuab yeej no yuav tsum tau hnav rau qee lub sijhawm kom txog thaum pom cov txiaj ntsig
Kauj Ruam 9. Xav txog gluing composites
Hauv txoj kev kho no, yuav siv cov xim pleev xim rau hniav thiab hloov pauv thiab txuas rau cov hniav nrog kua nplaum. Cov tshuaj no yuav ua rau cov hniav pom zoo dua qub.
- Qhov kev kho mob no yog npaj rau menyuam yaus lossis kho cov teeb meem kho hniav ib ntus.
- Cov tshuaj no kuj yooj yim rau hloov xim.
Kauj Ruam 10. Sim gingivoplasty
Qhov kev kho mob no tuaj yeem txhim kho koj lub ntsej muag luag nyav. Koj cov pos hniav yuav tsa thiab ua kom koj cov hniav tuaj yeem tshwm tuaj. Yog tias koj muaj tsawg tus hniav, muaj ntau qhov chaw pub dawb hauv koj cov pos hniav, lossis koj cov pos hniav tsis sib thooj, xav txog qhov kev kho no.
- Qhov kev kho mob no tsis haum rau txhua tus.
- Rau ib tus txheej txheem yooj yim rau ib tus hniav, tus nqi ntawm qhov kev kho no yog los ntawm Rp. 4,000,000 txog Rp. 8,000,000.
Lub tswv yim
- Txhawm rau nrhiav tus kws kho hniav muaj ntawv pov thawj nyob ze koj lub tsev, mus ntsib: https://klikdokter.com/direktori/dokter lossis https://www.practo.com/id-id tshwj xeeb rau thaj tsam Jakarta thiab txheeb xyuas https://www.kki.go.id/cekdokter/daim ntawv txhawm rau nrhiav seb lawv puas tau sau npe nrog Indonesian Medical Council.
- Yog tias tom qab lub sijhawm kho koj tus kws kho hniav muab cov cuab yeej tshem tawm rau koj hnav thaum hmo ntuj, nco ntsoov hnav lawv txhua hmo ntev li ntev tau yog koj tus kws kho mob hais kom koj hnav lawv. Cov hniav muaj lub cim xeeb thiab lawv yuav rov zoo li qub mus rau lawv txoj haujlwm qub, yog li yog tias koj tsum tsis siv cov txhuam hniav tshem tawm sai lossis tsis siv lawv ntau li ntau tau, cov hniav yuav rov mus rau lawv txoj haujlwm qub.
- Yog tias tus nqi kho hniav yog qhov teeb meem, nco ntsoov tias qee lub tsev kho hniav muaj los ntawm cov tsev kho mob muab kev pabcuam kho hniav los ntawm lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob hauv kev saib xyuas lossis los ntawm ib feem ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv xws li cov kws qhia paub txog tus nqi qis.
- Tus nqi sib txawv rau qee hom kev kho mob uas tau teev tseg saum toj no tsis tau hloov kho tshiab, thiab tsis cuam tshuam txog tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej hauv txhua lub tsev kho hniav. Qee qhov chaw yuav them tus nqi qis lossis siab dua rau qee yam cuab yeej kho. Yog xav paub ntxiv, nug tus kws kho hniav uas ua haujlwm hauv koj thaj chaw.
Ceeb toom
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Tsis txhob sim xyaum ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem saum toj no yam tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm lwm tus.
Kev kho tus kheej kho hniav tsis zoo heev. Txawm tias koom nrog kws kho hniav hauv Asmeskas, Koom Haum Asmeskas ntawm Cov kws kho hniav, tau tshaj tawm ceeb toom rau cov neeg siv khoom kom tsis txhob sim cov txheej txheem no vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov hniav puas tas mus li, ua rau cov hniav ploj, kis kab mob, thiab hniav lwj.
