Yog tias muaj qhov ua xyem xyav tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib, tam sim tham nrog kws kho mob. Hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib tshwm sim thaum cov islet cells hauv lub txiav tsis tsim cov tshuaj insulin ntxiv lawm. Hom ntshav qab zib no yog kab mob autoimmune uas ua rau cov cell no tsis ua haujlwm ntxiv lawm. Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua neej (vim tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog thiab noj qab zib ntau dhau). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau koj kom paub cov cim thiab tsos mob ntawm ntshav qab zib thiab kuaj mob kom nws tuaj yeem kho sai li sai tau.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 2: Paub txog Cov Cim thiab Cov tsos mob Ntshav Qab Zib
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub txog cov cim thiab tsos mob
Yog tias koj tau ntsib ib lossis ob yam los ntawm cov npe hauv qab no, peb pom zoo kom mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv. Cov cim qhia thiab tsos mob ntawm Hom 1 thiab Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib yog:
- Kev nqhis dej ntau dhau
- Kev tshaib kev nqhis heev
- Qhov muag tsis pom kev
- Nquag tso zis (sawv los 3 zaug ntau dua thaum tsaus ntuj mus rau chav dej)
- Qaug zog (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab noj mov)
- Ceev kom hnov mob lossis chim siab
- Qhov txhab tsis kho lossis qeeb kho
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua tib zoo saib koj lub neej
Cov neeg uas tsis muaj zog (tsawg dua lossis tsis tau ua si) muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib. Cov neeg uas rog lossis rog dhau, lossis noj cov zaub mov muaj suab thaj ntau thiab ua kom cov carbohydrates ntau dua li qhov zoo tagnrho kuj tseem muaj feem pheej hmoo tsim tus mob ntshav qab zib hom 2.
Nco ntsoov tias kev txhim kho Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, thaum Hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib yog mob ib txwm muaj uas feem ntau pom hauv menyuam yaus
Kauj Ruam 3. Mus ntsib kws kho mob
Tib txoj hauv kev kom paub tseeb tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib lossis tsis yog yuav tsum kuaj mob nrog kws kho mob (los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav). Cov txiaj ntsig kev kuaj ntshav txiav txim siab seb koj puas yog "ib txwm muaj," "muaj ntshav qab zib" (muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib yav tom ntej yog tias koj tsis hloov pauv txoj kev ua neej tseem ceeb), lossis "ntshav qab zib."
- Ua ntej koj paub tseeb, zoo dua vim ntshav qab zib xav tau kev kho mob thaum ntxov.
- Kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm ntev "tswj tsis tau cov piam thaj". Qhov no txhais tau tias yog koj tau txais kev kho mob uas pab tswj koj cov ntshav qab zib, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lossis tsawg kawg "ncua" ntau qhov kev noj qab haus huv mus sij hawm ntev los ntawm ntshav qab zib. Yog li, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj mob thiab kho sai li sai tau.
Ntu 2 ntawm 2: Soj Ntsuam kuaj mob rau ntshav qab zib
Kauj Ruam 1. Khiav qhov kev xeem
Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua 2 qhov kev kuaj xyuas ntshav qab zib. Feem ntau, kuaj ntshav qab zib tau ua tiav nrog kev kuaj ntshav sai, tab sis nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua nrog kuaj zis.
- Cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav ib txwm muaj los ntawm 70 txog 100.
- Qhov pib rau ntshav qab zib ("mob ntshav qab zib") cov ntshav qab zib nyob nruab nrab ntawm 100 txog 125.
- Cov ntshav qab zib ntau dua 126 suav tias yog ntshav qab zib.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntsuas HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c) qib
Qhov kev ntsuas no tshiab dua li kev kuaj ib txwm muaj, thiab tau siv los ntawm qee tus kws kho mob txhawm rau kuaj mob ntshav qab zib. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no kuaj xyuas hemoglobin (protein) hauv cov qe ntshav liab thiab ntsuas seb muaj protein ntau npaum li cas rau nws. Tus nqi ntau txhais tau tias muaj qab zib ntau ntxiv, thiab qhov ntawd cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntshav qab zib.
- Txhawm rau piav qhia qhov sib txheeb sib xws ntawm HbA1c thiab txhais tau tias qib cov piam thaj hauv qab yog raws li hauv qab no: HbA1c 6 sib npaug cov ntshav qab zib qib 135. HbA1c 7 = 170, HbA1c 8 = 205, HbA1c 9 = 240, HbA1c 10 = 275, HbA1c 11 = 301, thiab HbA1c 12 = 345.
- Hauv ntau qhov kev sim, qhov ib txwm muaj rau HbA1c yog nruab nrab ntawm 4.0-5.9%. Hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib uas tsis muaj kev tswj hwm, tus nqi yog 8.0% thiab siab dua, thiab hauv cov neeg mob tswj hwm nws tsawg dua 7.0%.
- Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas HbA1c yog tias nws muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tshwm sim dhau sijhawm. Tus nqi HbA1c qhia txog qib qab zib nruab nrab hauv 3 lub hlis dhau los, tsis zoo li qhov ntsuas ntshav qab zib yooj yim uas yog ntsuas ib zaug ntawm cov piam thaj.
Kauj Ruam 3. Raug kho
Hauv kev kho mob ntshav qab zib, koj yuav xav tau insulin hauv kev txhaj tshuaj lossis tshuaj txhua hnub, thiab yuav raug nug kom ua tib zoo noj zaub mov thiab tawm dag zog.
- Qee zaum, hauv cov mob me me ntawm Hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib, txhua yam koj xav tau yog kev noj zaub mov thiab kev tawm dag zog. Kev hloov pauv lub neej kom tsim nyog tuaj yeem kho tus mob ntshav qab zib thiab xa koj mus rau "qib" qab zib. Kev txhawb siab yeej txaus los hloov txoj kev ua neej.
- Koj yuav raug hais kom txo qis kev noj qab zib thiab carbohydrates, thiab tawm dag zog li 30 feeb hauv ib hnub. Los ntawm kev ua raws cov kev hloov pauv no, koj yuav pom qhov txo qis hauv cov piam thaj hauv ntshav.
- Ntawm qhov tod tes, Hom 1 mob ntshav qab zib ib txwm xav tau txhaj tshuaj insulin vim tias tus mob no yog kab mob autoimmune tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuaj insulin.
- Ntshav qab zib yuav tsum kho kom raug. Yog tias tsis kho, cov ntshav qab zib hauv siab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv ntau ntxiv, xws li kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha (neuropathy), lub raum puas lossis tsis ua haujlwm, dig muag, thiab teeb meem cov ntshav ncig uas tuaj yeem ua rau kis mob uas nyuaj kho thiab nce mus rau gangrene xav tau txiav tawm (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qhov qis). qis dua).
Kauj Ruam 4. Khiav qhov kev soj qab taug qab
Kev kuaj ntshav yuav tsum rov ua dua txhua 3 lub hlis rau cov neeg uas poob rau hauv "prediabetes" lossis "diabetes" pawg. Lub ntsiab lus yog los saib xyuas kev txhim kho (rau cov uas hloov pauv txoj kev ua neej zoo) lossis mob tsis zoo.
- Kev ntsuam xyuas ntshav ntxiv kuj tseem pab kws kho mob txiav txim siab cov tshuaj insulin thiab koob tshuaj. Cov kws kho mob sim "phiaj" qib cov ntshav qab zib kom poob qis hauv qee yam. Yog li, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj ntshav rov qab yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
- Kev rov ua haujlwm kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhawb kev tawm dag zog ntau dua thiab hloov koj cov zaub mov noj vim tias koj tuaj yeem pom cov txiaj ntsig tiag ntawm kev kuaj ntshav tom ntej.
