Feem ntau cov khoos phis tawj siv Microsoft Windows, tab sis feem ntau cov servers thiab cov khoos phis tawj desktop (muaj coob zuj zus) siv Linux kernel, uas yog ib feem ntawm Unix tsev neeg. Thaum pib, kawm Linux yog qhov txaus ntshai heev vim nws txawv ntawm Windows. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau lub khoos phis tawj ntawm Linux niaj hnub no tau yooj yim siv vim tias lawv ua tib zoo saib thiab hnov ntawm Windows. Hloov mus rau Linux tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo vim tias cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm no yooj yim dua los teeb tsa thiab ua kom nrawm dua Microsoft Windows.
Kauj ruam
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub koj tus kheej nrog cov kab ke no
Sim rub tawm thiab teeb tsa nws hauv koj lub computer. Yog tias koj tsis paub tseeb, paub tias koj tuaj yeem khaws koj lub khoos phis tawj lub khoos phis tawj tam sim no thiab tseg qee yam ntawm koj lub zog tsav kom khiav Linux. (Koj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem khiav ob qho tib lub sijhawm yog tias ib tus tab tom khiav hauv lub tshuab virtual.)
Kauj Ruam 2. Kuaj cov cuab yeej nrog "Live CD" muab los ntawm ntau Linux kev faib khoom
CD no yuav pab yog tias koj tsis paub meej txog kev teeb tsa lub operating system thib ob ntawm koj lub computer. Live CDs tso cai rau koj khau raj rau hauv Linux ib puag ncig los ntawm CD, tsis tas yuav teeb tsa ib yam dab tsi rau koj lub khoos phis tawj. Ubuntu thiab qee qhov lwm qhov Linux faib kuj tseem muab CDs lossis DVDs uas tso cai rau koj khau raj rau hauv "Nyob" hom thiab teeb tsa lawv los ntawm tib lub disc.
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua cov haujlwm uas koj ib txwm ua hauv computer
Nrhiav kev daws teeb meem yog (piv txwv li) koj tsis tuaj yeem ua cov lus lossis hlawv CD. Sau ib daim ntawv ntawm yam koj xav tau, tuaj yeem, thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua ua ntej dhia mus rau qhov kev ua haujlwm tshiab no.
Kauj Ruam 4. Kawm Linux kev faib khoom
Thaum hais txog "Linux", nws feem ntau txhais raws li "GNU/Linux Distribution." Kev faib khoom yog sau cov ntaub ntawv uas khiav ntawm cov haujlwm me me hu ua Linux ntsiav.
Kauj Ruam 5. Xav txog kev nrawm dua
Qhov no yuav pab koj nkag siab cov ntawv faib thaum tso cai rau koj siv Windows txuas ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, nco ntsoov tias koj thim tag nrho koj cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug thiab teeb tsa ua ntej sim ua ob zaug.
Kauj Ruam 6. Nruab qhov software
Nkag mus rau tus cwj pwm ntawm kev txhim kho thiab tshem tawm software sai li sai tau. Nws yuav yooj yim dua rau koj kom nkag siab Linux yooj yim yog tias koj nkag siab pob thiab kev tswj hwm chaw cia khoom.
Kauj Ruam 7. Kawm siv (thiab nyiam) qhov hais kom ua kab interface
Qhov no yog lub npe hu ua Terminal, lub qhov rai dav hlau, lossis lub plhaub. Ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb uas ntau tus neeg siv hloov mus rau Linux yog vim Linux los nrog lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai. Terminal yog cov phooj ywg muaj zog thiab tsis muaj kev txwv ntawm Windows qhov hais kom ua sai. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv Linux yooj yim yam tsis tau siv lub davhlau ya nyob twg zoo li ntawm OSX Mac. Siv "apropos" los pab koj nrhiav cov lus txib uas ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Sim "apropos user" kom pom cov npe ntawm cov lus txib uas muaj lo lus "neeg siv" hauv lawv cov lus piav qhia.
Kauj Ruam 8. Paub koj tus kheej nrog Linux cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus
Koj yuav pom tam sim ntawd tsis muaj phau ntawv "C: \" uas ib txwm muaj nyob hauv Windows. Nws txhua yam pib ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv system (cov ntaub ntawv system hauv paus aka " /") thiab ntau yam nyuaj tsav tau nkag los ntawm /dev directory. Koj phau ntawv qhia tsev, uas ib txwm pom hauv C: / Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab Chaw ntawm Windows XP thiab 2000, tam sim no nyob hauv/home/(koj lub npe siv)/.
Kauj Ruam 9. Nrhiav ntxiv rau koj lub peev xwm Linux teeb tsa
Sim encrypted partitions, tshiab heev thiab nrawm cov ntaub ntawv system (piv txwv li btrfs), rov ua haujlwm tsis sib xws uas ua rau kom nrawm dua thiab ntseeg tau (RAID) thiab sim txhim kho Linux ntawm lub bootable USB stick. Koj yuav pom muaj ntau yam ua!
Lub tswv yim
- Tsim koj thawj Linux system nrog kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv siab, thiab ua raws HOWTO cov ntawv ib qib zuj zus. Piv txwv li, teeb tsa cov server server yooj yim heev, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom ntau lub vev xaib uas taug kev koj los ntawm txhua kauj ruam ntawm tus txheej txheem. Ua li no, koj yuav paub txog qhov twg, yuav siv li cas, thiab yuav hloov pauv li cas hauv Linux.
- Siv lo lus "npe" hloov "nplaub tshev" thaum hais txog cov npe Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si yog lus sib xws, "nplaub tshev" yog lub tswvyim Windows.
- Ua siab ntev thiab npaj koj tus kheej. Yog tias koj xav kawm tiag tiag siv GNU. Zam kev hloov pauv mus nrhiav ib qho uas ua txhua yam zoo. Koj yuav kawm paub ntau tshaj thaum koj kho qee yam uas tsis ua haujlwm.
- Tsis txhob hnov qab tias tsuas yog DOS siv backslash ("\") txhawm rau txiav cov npe. Backslashes feem ntau siv los ntawm Linux rau cov cim khiav tawm, piv txwv li / n yog kab ntawv tshiab, thiab / t yog cov cim tab.
- Koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev pab rau yuav luag txhua txoj haujlwm lossis faib khoom ntawm IRC server irc.freenode.net (piv txwv: #debian, #ubuntu, #python, #FireFox, thiab lwm yam). Koj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov neeg siv zej zog ntawm irc.freenode.net.
- Muaj ntau lub vev xaib thiab cov npe xa ntawv hauv is taws nem uas muab cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog Linux. Tshawb nrhiav online txhawm rau nrhiav cov lus teb rau koj cov lus nug.
- Koj yuav tsum muaj phau ntawv luam tawm los ntawm John Wiley & Sons, O'Reilly thiab Tsis Muaj Starch Xovxwm los kawm Linux. Kuj tseem muaj phau ntawv hu ua "Thaum Pib … yog Kab Lus Hais" sau los ntawm Neal Stephenson thiab "LINUX: Tus Neeg Siv Txoj Cai Qhia thiab Qhia Tawm".
Ceeb toom
- Ntawm tag nrho *nix systems (Linux, UNIX, *BSD, thiab lwm yam), tus thawj coj lossis tus lej Superuser yog 'hauv paus' (hauv paus). Koj yog tus tswj hwm lub khoos phis tawj, tab sis 'hauv paus' tsis yog koj li tus lej siv. Yog tias txheej txheem teeb tsa tsis ua nws, tsim ib tus as khauj tsis tu ncua rau koj tus kheej siv 'useradd' thiab siv nws rau koj cov haujlwm txhua hnub. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov kev faib nyiaj no yog vim tias *nix system kwv yees tias 'hauv paus' paub tias nws ua dab tsi thiab tsis ua dab tsi txaus ntshai yog li *nix tsis tshaj tawm lus ceeb toom. Yog tias koj ntaus qee qhov lus txib, lub kaw lus yuav tshem tawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub khoos phis tawj yam tsis tau thov kev lees paub vim tias cov lus txib tau nug ncaj qha los ntawm 'hauv paus'.
- Qee tus neeg tuaj yeem tawm tswv yim hais kom ua txaus ntshai yog li ob zaug xyuas koj cov lus txib ua ntej ntaus ntawv.
- Tsis tas li, tsis txhob sau cov ntawv '-rf'. Yog tias koj ua cov lus txib kom tshem tawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov npe ntawd, lub kaw lus yuav cais cov ntawv '-rf' raws li kab lus hais kom sib cav thiab tshem tawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv hauv subfolder ib yam.
- Tsis txhob khiav rm -rf / lossis sudo rm -rf / tshwj tsis yog tias koj mob siab heev txog kev so tag nrho koj cov ntaub ntawv. Khiav cov lus txib txiv neej rm kom paub ntau ntxiv.
- Tej zaum nws yuav ntxias kom ua qhov muag tsis pom hom "foom" pom ntawm cov vev xaib thiab vam tias cov lus txib ua haujlwm uas koj xav kom nws ua. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hauv kev no feem ntau ua tsis tau vim tias koj muaj qhov hloov tshiab kawg, kho vajtse sib txawv me ntsis, lossis lwm qhov kev faib khoom. Sim ua txhua qhov "foom" nrog -pab xaiv ua ntej thiab nkag siab nws lub luag haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd, feem ntau cov teeb meem me tuaj yeem daws tau yooj yim (/dev/sda ->/dev/sdb thiab ntxiv rau), kom ua tiav koj lub hom phiaj.
- Ib txwm thaub qab koj cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej koj sim rov faib koj lub zog thaum txhim kho Linux. Rov qab khaws koj cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes xws li CD, DVD, USB disk, lossis lwm yam hard drive (tsis yog qhov sib faib sib txawv).
