Hemoglobin yog cov protein nyob hauv cov ntshav uas pab thauj cov pa oxygen thoob plaws lub cev. Thaum cov teeb meem kev kho mob feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm qib qis hemoglobin, qib qib hemoglobin siab kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia txog kev kho mob lossis teeb meem kev ua neej uas yuav tsum tau kho nrog kws kho mob cov lus qhia. HbA1c (lossis A1c) hais txog feem pua ntawm hemoglobin rau cov piam thaj, uas yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav qab zib. Yog tias koj xav txo koj li A1c, koj tuaj yeem noj zaub mov, tawm dag zog, thiab hloov pauv koj txoj kev kho ntshav qab zib.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Nrhiav Kev Kho Mob Kho Mob
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau muaj qib hemoglobin siab
Cov qib hemoglobin siab yuav luag ib txwm qhia txog teeb meem kev kho mob, ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, lossis kev xaiv ua neej nyob. Yog tias koj tsis tau txheeb xyuas qhov laj thawj no, nug koj tus kws kho mob kom kuaj mob.
- Yuav luag txhua qhov xwm txheej ntawm hemoglobin siab, lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau kho qhov ua rau, uas ua rau txo qis qib hemoglobin.
- Qib siab hemoglobin siab yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj ntau yam xwm txheej uas yuav xav tau kev kho mob. Yog tias nws qis heev thiab yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv, lossis siab dhau thiab yuav tsum tau qis dua, pab pawg kho mob yuav sim txheeb xyuas thiab daws qhov laj thawj.
Kauj Ruam 2. Kho tus mob uas ua rau muaj hemoglobin siab
Qhov no nyob ntawm seb qhov xwm txheej cuam tshuam li cas, xws li tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv luam yeeb, lossis polycythemia ua rau nce ntxiv hauv cov qe ntshav liab (RBC) vim nce cov ntshav erythropoietin lossis RBC ntau lawm. Ntau yam kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua rau nce qib hemoglobin. Ua raws pab kws kho mob cov lus qhia txog kev kho mob zoo tshaj rau koj. Cov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev kho mob muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Lub cev qhuav dej
- Polycythemia vera, tus mob thaum tus txha nqaj qaum ua rau muaj cov ntshav liab ntau dhau
- Teeb meem plawv, tshwj xeeb yog kab mob hauv lub plawv
- Cov kab mob hauv lub ntsws, xws li mob ntsws, COPD, thiab pulmonary fibrosis
- Tumor lossis mob qog noj ntshav
- Tumor lossis mob qog noj ntshav
- Hypoxia, uas yog qhov tsis muaj oxygen hauv cov ntshav
- Raug cov pa roj carbon monoxide, feem ntau yog los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua kom hloov pauv txoj kev ua neej kom txo qis qib hemoglobin
Yog tias nws tsis yog rau kev kho mob, nws tuaj yeem yog ib puag ncig ib puag ncig lossis kev xaiv lub neej. Nug yog tias koj tus kws kho mob pom zoo hloov txoj kev ua neej. Piv txwv yog:
- Siv cov khoom luam yeeb. Yog tias koj haus luam yeeb lossis siv cov khoom luam yeeb, sim txiav luam yeeb kom sai li sai tau.
- Noj cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo xws li steroids, tshwj xeeb "ntshav doping" txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua kis las. Nws yog teeb meem rau kev noj qab haus huv rau ntau yam laj thawj.
- Ua nyob ntawm qhov chaw siab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau hypoxia (tsis muaj oxygen hauv cov ntshav). Qhov no zoo dua rau cov neeg uas mus rau toj siab (xws li cov neeg nce toj siab) dua li cov neeg uas nyob ntawd.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tham txog cov txheej txheem phlebotomy nrog koj tus kws kho mob raws li xav tau
Hauv qee kis, kws kho mob tuaj yeem txo qib hemoglobin ncaj qha. Yog tias yog, koj tuaj yeem hla ib lossis ntau qhov kev kho mob, uas ua tiav los ntawm kev kos qee cov ntshav los ntawm lub cev.
- Yog tias qhov ua rau hemoglobin siab tau raug kho, koj yuav tsum tsim cov ntshav tshiab nrog qib qis hemoglobin. Yog li, dhau sijhawm, qib hemoglobin yuav txo qis kom txog thaum nws rov zoo li qub.
- Cov txheej txheem zoo ib yam li kev pub ntshav.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog kev kho mob polycythemia
Yog tias koj muaj polycythemia thiab nws ua rau nce hemoglobin, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog yuav ua li cas nrog nws. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav hais qhia tshuaj raws li ib feem ntawm koj txoj kev kho mob. Cov tshuaj nquag siv rau polycythemia yog:
- Hydroxyurea
- Ruxolitininab
- Pegelated interferon
- Anagrelide
Kauj Ruam 6. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog kev noj tshuaj aspirin txhua hnub
Tshuaj aspirin tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav, uas yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias koj muaj polycythemia. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj tus mob no. Paub cov koob tshuaj uas koj yuav tsum noj thiab ntau npaum li cas. Tsis txhob pib kho tshuaj aspirin yam koj tus kws kho mob tsis paub.
Tswv yim: Sau txhua daim ntawv yuav tshuaj lossis tom khw muag tshuaj uas koj siv tas li.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Txo HbA1c. Qib
Kauj Ruam 1. Txais kev noj zaub mov zoo raws li qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb
Yog tias koj qib HbA1c siab, koj yuav muaj feem yuav mob ntshav qab zib lossis twb muaj ntshav qab zib lawm. Yog li, koj qhov kev xav tau zaub mov noj yuav txawv ntawm cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov xwm txheej sib txawv. Tham nrog pab kws kho mob txhawm rau tsim kev noj zaub mov zoo rau koj.
- Feem ntau, kev noj zaub mov zoo yuav tsum muaj ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub, tag nrho cov nplej, cov protein tsis muaj roj, thiab cov rog muaj txiaj ntsig, nrog rau txiav rov qab ntim thiab ntim cov zaub mov tiav, dej qab zib, ua kom cov hmoov nplej zoo, thiab cov rog tsis zoo.
- Yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav qab zib mellitus, koj yuav raug qhia kom txwv koj li kev noj carbohydrates, nrog rau kho koj cov protein thiab rog kom tau raws li qhov koj xav tau.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua raws li tus kws kho mob pom zoo
Yog tias qib HbA1C siab vim yog mob ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav qab zib, koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog koj pab kws kho mob txhawm rau txhim kho txoj kev tawm dag zog uas haum rau koj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev xav tau. Yuav kom ntseeg tau, kev tawm dag zog lub plawv thiab kev qhia lub zog yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
- Ua kom tsawg kawg 150 feeb ntawm kev qoj ib ce muaj zog aerobic (xws li taug kev nrawm los yog caij tsheb kauj vab) hauv ib lub lis piam, thiab ua kom muaj zog kev cob qhia 2-3 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam rau 30-45 feeb.
- Yog tias koj tab tom noj tshuaj insulin, kho qhov koob tshuaj raws li koj lub sijhawm teem tseg. Npaj nrog tus kws kho mob.
Kauj Ruam 3. Kho tshuaj noj ntshav qab zib yog tias koj raug kuaj mob ntshav qab zib
Txhua tus neeg uas muaj qib HbA1c siab tau qhia kom hloov lawv cov zaub mov noj thiab tawm dag zog. Yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib, koj tus kws kho mob tseem yuav qhia kho koj cov tshuaj tam sim no. Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau nrhiav kev kho kom haum uas tswj hwm qib ntshav qabzib zoo tshaj plaws (thiab tig HbA1c qib.
Tswv yim: Tsis txhob xav txog koj tus kheej "ua tsis tiav" kom kov yeej cov ntshav qab zib yog tias koj yuav tsum hloov tshuaj lossis nce koob tshuaj. Kev kho mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tau kho tas li.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tsom ntsoov rau txo koj cov HbA1c maj mam thiab tas li
Yog tias koj hloov pauv koj cov zaub mov noj thiab ua haujlwm hnyav, koj qib HbA1c yuav poob qis hauv 1-2 lub hlis. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nrawm nrawm tuaj yeem ua rau o, nce phaus, mob ntshav qab zib (mob paj hlwb), thiab txawm tias ntshav los ntawm qhov muag uas tuaj yeem ua rau dig muag.
- Ua raws pab kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab hloov pauv maj mam rau koj cov zaub mov noj, tawm dag zog thiab noj tshuaj, tshwj tsis yog qhia lwm yam.
- Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau txo qib HbA1c hauv 1-2 xyoos, tsis yog 1-2 lub hlis.
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Xeem Hemoglobin thiab HbA1c. Qib
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas hemoglobin hauv kev kuaj ntshav
High hemoglobin yog asymptomatic yog li nws feem ntau kuaj pom hauv ib ntawm ob txoj hauv kev: ntawm kev ntsuas ntshav ntsuas los ntawm kws kho mob, lossis thaum kuaj ntshav uas ua tiav raws li ib feem ntawm kev kuaj mob ntawm qee yam mob.
High hemoglobin yuav raug kuaj ntawm CBC kuaj lossis ua tiav cov suav ntshav (suav cov ntshav tag), uas yog tus qauv ntsuas ntshav hauv tsev kho mob lossis kuaj mob
Tswv yim: Ua qhov ntsuas ntshav CBC thaum twg kws kho mob pom zoo. Kev ntsuas CBC pab tshawb pom thaum ntxov ntawm kev kis mob, mob qog noj ntshav, mob txha nraub qaum, teeb meem autoimmune, thiab lwm yam.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tham txog qhov zoo tagnrho hemoglobin ntau nrog koj tus kws kho mob
Qhov zoo tagnrho hemoglobin tsis zoo ib yam rau txhua tus neeg raws li nws tau ua los ntawm ntau yam xws li hnub nyoog. Cov kab hauv qab no ntawm hemoglobin feem ntau siv:
- Cov menyuam hnub nyoog 6 hli txog 4 xyoos: 11 g/dL thiab siab dua
- Cov menyuam yaus 5 txog 12 xyoos: 11.5 g/dL thiab siab dua
- Cov menyuam hnub nyoog 12 txog 15 xyoos: 12 g/dL thiab siab dua
- Txiv neej hnub nyoog tshaj 15: 13.8 txog 17.2 g/dL
- Cov poj niam dhau 15 xyoos: 12, 1 txog 15, 1 g/dL
- Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub: 11 g/dL thiab siab dua
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas HbA1c txhua 3 lub hlis yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib
Vim yog lub neej voj voog ntawm hemoglobin, tus lej HbA1c kuj qhia txog qib nruab nrab cov ntshav qab zib hauv 3 lub hlis dhau los, yog li cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum kuaj lawv HbA1c nrog kuaj ntshav txhua 3 lub hlis.
- Tus kws kho mob yuav txhim kho txoj haujlwm kho mob raws qhov txiaj ntsig HbA1c qhov tseeb.
- Yog tias koj yog tus mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, uas txhais tau tias koj yuav luag ua tau raws li cov kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib, koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav pom zoo kuaj txhua 3 lub hlis.
- Yog tias koj tsis muaj ntshav qab zib lossis muaj ntshav qab zib thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kuaj koj li HbA1c qee zaum ua ib feem ntawm kev kuaj ntshav dav.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tham nrog kws kho mob txhawm rau txiav txim siab hom phiaj HbA1c
HbA1c qib yog ib qho ntawm kev txiav txim siab rau kev kuaj mob ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav qab zib. Yog tias koj tau kuaj pom, pab neeg kho mob yuav txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog HbA1c lub hom phiaj rau koj.
- HbA1c qis dua 5.7% suav tias yog ib txwm muaj rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj ntshav qab zib lossis ntshav qab zib.
- Yog tias koj qib HbA1c nyob nruab nrab ntawm 5.7% thiab 6.4%, koj yuav raug kuaj mob ntshav qab zib mellitus.
- HbA1c qib siab tshaj 6.5% yuav raug kuaj mob ntshav qab zib.
- Yog tias koj muaj ntshav qab zib, sim ua kom koj qib HbA1c qis dua 7%. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no nyob ntawm tus neeg mob.
