Qhov ntsuas pH ntsuas qhov tshwm sim uas cov tshuaj yuav tso tawm proton (lossis H+ atom) thiab qhov tshwm sim uas cov tshuaj yuav lees txais proton. Ntau cov lwg me me, suav nrog cov zas xim, yuav hloov pauv qauv los ntawm kev lees txais cov tshuaj protons los ntawm ib puag ncig acidic (ib puag ncig uas npaj tau yooj yim tso tawm protons) lossis tso tawm protons mus rau ib puag ncig alkaline (ib puag ncig uas yooj yim lees txais protons). Kev ntsuas pH yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam kev sim tshuaj lom neeg thiab lom. Qhov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm txheej ib txheej ntawv nrog cov zas xim uas yuav hloov xim hauv ib puag ncig acidic lossis alkaline.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Ua Ntawv pH hauv Tsev Siv Cov Zaub Zaub lossis Zaub Zaub
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav ib co zaub qhwv liab
Koj yuav tsum tau txiav txog 1/4 ntawm lub taub hau ntawm liab zaub qhwv thiab muab tso rau hauv rab. Koj yuav tsum rho cov tshuaj los ntawm cov zaub qhwv los pleev cov ntawv pH. Cov tshuaj no hu ua anthocyanins thiab tuaj yeem pom hauv cov nroj tsuag xws li zaub qhwv, paj tawg, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Anthocyanins yog ntshav liab nyob hauv nruab nrab cov xwm txheej (pH 7.0), tab sis hloov xim hauv ib puag ncig acidic (pH 7.0).
- Tib txoj kev tuaj yeem siv rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, paj, lossis lwm yam nroj tsuag uas muaj anthocyanins.
- Cov txheej txheem no tsis siv rau zaub ntsuab. Cov zaub ntsuab tsis muaj anthocyanins.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntxiv dej npau rau koj cov zaub qhwv
Koj tuaj yeem rhaub dej rau ntawm lub qhov cub lossis hauv microwave. Txoj kev twg los xij uas koj siv, koj yuav xav tau 500 ml dej. Ncuav dej npau ncaj qha rau hauv rab rab uas muaj cov zaub qhwv. Qhov no yuav pab tshem tawm cov tshuaj xav tau los ntawm cov zaub qhwv.
Kauj Ruam 3. Qhib lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws
Koj yuav tsum muab cov dej thiab zaub qhwv rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Cia lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws kom txog thaum cov dej tsaus xim liab. Qhov kev hloov xim no qhia tias koj tau tshem tawm cov tshuaj uas xav tau (anthocyanins) los ntawm cov zaub qhwv thiab yaj lawv rau hauv dej kub. Koj yuav tsum txias cov ntsiab lus ntawm rab rab kom tsawg li kaum feeb ua ntej txuas ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ncuav qhov sib tov hla lub cib
Koj yuav tsum tshem cov zaub qhwv los ntawm qhov ntsuas qhia (dej xim). Cov ntawv lim tuaj yeem hloov lub lim, tab sis nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua. Thaum koj tau lim lub ntsuas qhov ntsuas, koj tuaj yeem pov tseg cov zaub qhwv.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ntxiv isopropyl cawv rau koj qhov kev ntsuas ntsuas
Ntxiv txog 50 ml ntawm isopropyl cawv yuav tiv thaiv koj cov tshuaj los ntawm cov kab mob loj hlob. Dej cawv tuaj yeem hloov xim ntawm koj cov tshuaj. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, ntxiv kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo kom txog thaum kev daws teeb meem rov qab mus rau xim liab.
Kauj Ruam 6. Ncuav cov tshuaj tov rau hauv saucepan lossis tais
Koj xav tau lub ntim uas muaj lub qhov ncauj dav txaus los muab cov ntawv tso rau hauv. Koj yuav tsum xaiv lub thawv uas tsis tiv taus raws li koj yuav nchuav cov zas rau hauv. Cov khoom siv iav thiab iav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo.
Kauj Ruam 7. Tsau koj daim ntawv hauv qhov ntsuas ntsuas
Nco ntsoov thawb cov ntawv hauv qab qhov kev daws teeb meem. Koj yuav tsum tau txhuam tag nrho cov npoo thiab ob sab ntawm daim ntawv. Nws yog lub tswv yim zoo los hnav hnab looj tes rau theem no.
Kauj Ruam 8. Cia koj daim ntawv qhuav rau ntawm daim phuam
Saib rau qhov chaw uas tsis muaj cov kua qaub lossis alkaline. Daim ntawv yuav tsum qhuav tag ua ntej yuav mus. Qhov zoo tshaj, koj tso nws hmo ntuj.
Kauj Ruam 9. Txiav daim ntawv rau hauv ntawv
Qhov no tso cai rau koj sim ntau qhov piv txwv sib txawv. Koj tuaj yeem txiav daim ntawv mus rau qhov loj me uas koj xav tau, tab sis feem ntau, daim ntawv raug txiav kom ntev thiab dav ntawm koj tus ntiv tes ntsuas. Qhov loj me no tso cai rau koj muab cov ntawv ntim rau hauv tus qauv yam tsis tau muab koj tus ntiv tes tso rau hauv tus qauv.
Kauj Ruam 10. Siv ib daim ntawv los ntsuas pH ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem sib txawv
Koj tuaj yeem sim tshuaj hauv tsev xws li kua txiv kab ntxwv, dej, thiab mis. Koj tseem tuaj yeem sib tov cov tshuaj rau kev sim, xws li sib tov dej thiab ci dej qab zib. Qhov no yuav muab ntau yam piv txwv rau kev sim.
Kauj Ruam 11. Khaws daim ntawv rau hauv qhov chaw txias thiab qhuav
Koj yuav tsum siv lub thawv ntim airtight los khaws cov ntawv txheeb kom txog thaum koj siv lawv. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv daim ntawv los ntawm ib puag ncig kev kis kab mob xws li kua qaub lossis alkaline. Tawm hauv daim ntawv ncaj qha tshav ntuj kuj tseem tsis zoo li qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj dawb dhau sijhawm.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Ua Litmus Ntawv Hauv Tsev
Kauj Ruam 1. Saib kom qhuav litmus hmoov
Litmus yog cov khoom sib txuas tau los ntawm lichens, cov kab mob uas muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov algae thiab/lossis cyanobacteria uas tuaj yeem nqa cov duab hluavtaws. Koj tuaj yeem yuav litmus ntawm lub khw online lossis tshuaj muab tshuaj.
Koj tuaj yeem ua koj tus kheej litmus hmoov yog tias koj yog tus kws tshaj lij kws muaj peev xwm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem nyuaj heev thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev ntxiv cov sib xyaw xws li cov kua txiv qaub thiab cov poov tshuaj carbonate txhawm rau zom cov lee thiab tso nws li ob peb lub lis piam rau cov txheej txheem fermentation
Kauj Ruam 2. Dhuav cov litmus hauv dej
Nco ntsoov do cov tshuaj thiab ua kom sov nws yog tias cov hmoov tsis yaj zoo. Litmus hmoov yuav tsum yaj tag hauv dej. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zaum kawg yuav tsum yog xim daj-xiav.
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab koj daim ntawv tso rau hauv cov kua litmus
Ntub tag nrho ob sab thiab cov npoo ntawm daim ntawv nrog cov tshuaj. Qhov no yuav ntub yuav luag tag nrho saum npoo ntawm koj daim ntawv xeem thiab muab qhov txiaj ntsig raug tshaj plaws. Koj tsis tas yuav cia daim ntawv "tsau" tsuav koj paub tseeb tias txhua feem ntawm daim ntawv ntub.
Kauj Ruam 4. Cia daim ntawv qhuav
Koj yuav tsum muab daim ntawv qhuav hauv qhov cua qhib, tab sis nco ntsoov tias daim ntawv tsis raug rau cov kua qaub lossis alkaline. Cov pa no tuaj yeem kis cov ntawv txheeb thiab ua rau lawv tsis raug. Koj kuj yuav tsum khaws nws hauv qhov chaw qhuav, tsaus ntuj kom tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob thiab tshuaj dawb.
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv daim ntawv litmus los ntsuas qhov acidity
Daim ntawv xiav litmus yuav tig liab hauv ib puag ncig acidic. Nco ntsoov tias daim ntawv litmus tsis qhia txog qib acidity lossis kev daws teeb meem yog qhov yooj yim lossis tsis yog. Tsis hloov pauv ntawm daim ntawv txhais tau tias kev daws teeb meem yog qhov yooj yim lossis nruab nrab thiab tsis muaj kua qaub.
Koj tuaj yeem ua daim ntawv litmus liab (uas yuav tig xiav hauv ib puag ncig alkaline) los ntawm kev ntxiv cov kua qaub rau qhov ntsuas ua ntej tsau koj daim ntawv
Lub tswv yim
- Koj tuaj yeem txiav daim ntawv ua cov ntawv ua ntej lossis tom qab muab nws tso rau hauv qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas. Tsuas yog tsis txhob txiav daim ntawv thaum nws ntub.
- Koj tuaj yeem siv qhov ntsuas thoob ntiaj teb los sib piv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm daim ntawv uas koj tab tom ua nrog qhov ntsuas rau tib qho kev daws teeb meem. Qhov kev sib piv no yuav muab tswv yim rau koj kom raug ntawm kev nyeem ntawv.
- Tsuas yog siv cov dej lim.
- Siv daim ntawv tsis muaj kua qaub.
Ceeb toom
- Khaws daim ntawv npaj tseg hauv lub thawv txias, tsaus, qhuav kom qhuav.
- Kuaj cov kua qaub nrog kev saib xyuas hnyav thiab nyob hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus neeg muaj lub luag haujlwm xws li kws qhia txuj ci yog tias koj tab tom ua chav kawm. Siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kom zoo los lis txhua yam khoom.
- Ua cov ntawv xeem tsuas yog siv tes qhuav.
