Frostbite tshwm sim thaum lub cev nqaij daim tawv khov thaum raug rau qhov kub tsawg lossis cua txias. Ntiv tes, ntiv taw, pob ntseg, thiab qhov ntswg yog qhov feem ntau ntawm lub cev feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm frostbite, vim tias lawv nyuaj rau ua kom sov thaum txias. Frostbite tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov huab cua, hnav khaub ncaws zoo, thiab nrhiav/thov kev pab tam sim thaum koj xav tias koj muaj tsos mob khaub thuas.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Hnav kom raug
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas huab cua ua ntej koj tawm mus
Siv sijhawm los saib huab cua huab cua thiab txiav txim siab seb yuav hnav khaub ncaws zoo li cas. Kev tiv thaiv kom khov tuaj yog cuam tshuam nrog kev npaj rau txhua yam ua tau. Yog tias koj yuav tawm mus sab nraud txhua hnub, zoo li mus taug kev lossis tos hauv kab kom yuav daim pib hais kwv txhiaj, tuaj yeem ua rau frostbite.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nco ntsoov tias koj hnav khaub ncaws kom txaus los tiv nrog cov xwm txheej thaum qhov kub poob
Lub caij ntuj no tuaj yeem ua tsis tau ntau yam. Txawm hais tias koj tau ua tiav zoo rau yav tsaus ntuj kub, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov kub qis thaum hmo ntuj, yog tias koj ua qeeb hauv qhov xwm txheej.
Kauj Ruam 3. Npaj kom muaj cua daj cua dub lossis cua daj cua dub
Raug cov daus ntub thiab cua txias yuav ua rau koj muaj feem yuav tsim kom khov.
Kauj Ruam 4. Hnav khaub ncaws
Cov neeg uas siv sijhawm ntau nyob sab nraum zoov tau tsim qee yam kev hnav khaub ncaws zoo los tiv thaiv huab cua txias. Tsis muaj teeb meem li cas sov koj lub tsho tiv no lub caij ntuj sov, nws tseem tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li cov khaub ncaws ua los ntawm ntau txheej:
Kauj Ruam 5. Rau thawj txheej uas ze tshaj plaws ntawm daim tawv nqaij, siv cov khoom ntub
Wicking yog ib yam khoom siv hluavtaws uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij qhuav vim nws yuav nqus cov dej noo los ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tom qab ntawd hloov nws mus rau txheej saum toj no.
Kauj Ruam 6. Siv cov khoom sov sov los npog daim ntaub. Wool yog qhov kev xaiv zoo. Tsis txhob siv paj rwb, vim paj rwb tsis qhuav sai txaus thiab tsis muab rwb thaiv tsev zoo.
Kauj Ruam 7. Nyob rau txheej txheej saum toj, hnav khaub ncaws uas haum rau huab cua
Koj yuav tsum hnav lub tsho tiv no lub caij ntuj no, lub tsho tiv nag, lossis ua ke ntawm ob sab sab nraud los tiv thaiv koj los ntawm ntau yam kev cuam tshuam.
Kauj Ruam 8. Txheeb xyuas koj cov khaub ncaws seb puas muaj qhov khoob lossis qhov khoob
Nco ntsoov tias tsis muaj thaj chaw uas koj cov tawv nqaij tuaj yeem raug cua txias. Cov cheeb tsam uas lub ris thiab lub tsho sib ntsib, lub dab teg, pob taws thiab caj dab yog txhua qhov chaw uas ua rau nws khov. Txawm hais tias rau qhov chaw uas tsis yog thaj chaw cuam tshuam los ntawm frostbite, koj yuav tsum tseem ua txhua qhov kev ceev faj tsuas yog thaum muaj xwm txheej.
Kauj Ruam 9. Ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub tsho t-shirt/ris tsho hauv qab/nruj nreem hauv lub ris
Kauj Ruam 10. Muab koj lub ris hauv qab tso rau hauv thom khwm
Kauj Ruam 11. Muab lub tes tsho hauv qab tso rau hauv hnab looj tes
Kauj Ruam 12. Muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau koj lub taub hau, txhais tes thiab ko taw
Cov feem ntawm lub cev no feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm frostbite. Peb qhov no yog cov txheej sab nraud ntawm lub cev uas tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov khaub ncaws sov. Yog li koj yuav tsum muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau ntawm lub cev no kom raug kom sov.
Kauj Ruam 13. Hnav lub kaus mom sov thiab lub pob ntseg
Kauj Ruam 14. Tiv thaiv koj ob lub qhov muag thiab qhov ntswg thaum txias heev
Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau hnav lub npog ntsej muag uas cov neeg caij ski ib txwm hnav.
Kauj Ruam 15. Hnav cov hnab looj tes uas muaj ob ntu (ib feem rau tus ntiv tes xoo thiab lwm ntu rau plaub tus ntiv tes uas seem), thiab tsis yog hnab looj tes nrog tsib qhov
Cov hnab looj tes uas zoo li cov hnab looj tes boxer yog qhov sov dua.
Kauj Ruam 16. Hnav cov khau kom raug thiab thom khwm
Yog tias koj xav tias yuav ntub, hnav cov khau tsis muaj dej.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Paub Thaum Twg Los Hauv Tsev
Kauj Ruam 1. Nqa menyuam mus rau hauv chav txhua txhua teev kom sov
Cov menyuam yaus muaj feem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tawm tsam frostbite, vim tias lawv tsis paub thaum pom tias muaj kev tawm tsam. Ib tus menyuam yuav poob lawv lub hnab looj tes thiab xaus nrog cov ntiv tes khov uas tsis ceeb toom. Nqa menyuam mus rau hauv chav ntau zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qhov txias txias, kom ntseeg tau tias lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav chaw nyob yog tias koj muaj cua daj cua dub lossis txias heev
Frostbite tuaj yeem pib tawm tsam sai heev ntawm qhov kub tsawg, thaum muaj cua hlob lossis thaum los nag. Yog tias huab cua hloov pauv, nrhiav chaw nyob kom sai li sai tau.
Kauj Ruam 3. Hloov khaub ncaws lossis nkag hauv chav tam sim yog tias koj twb ntub lawm
Cov khaub ncaws ntub uas ua rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim khaub thuas. Khaws koj cov khaub ncaws kom qhuav, tshwj xeeb yog thom khwm thiab hnab looj tes. Nqa cov thom khwm seem thiab hnab looj tes, txwv tsis pub nkag mus rau hauv chav kom qhuav lawv thaum lawv pib ntub.
Kauj Ruam 4. Txhua teev, tshuaj xyuas koj cov tawv nqaij kom khov
Ua cov kev ceev faj no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj nyob hauv qhov txias txias heev. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj cov tawv nqaij, nias kom hnov lub cev, thiab tseem txav koj cov ntiv tes thiab ntiv taw. Nov yog cov theem thiab cov cim ntawm kev tawm tsam frostbite:
Kauj Ruam 5. Frostnip:
yog thawj theem ntawm cov tsos mob frostbite. Qhov kev tawm tsam no ua rau muaj qhov hnov mob thiab tawv nqaij hloov liab hauv qhov teb rau qhov ib txwm ua.
Kauj Ruam 6. Cov dej khov sab nrauv:
yog theem thib ob ntawm frostbite uas yog qhov ua rau loog thiab dawb lossis tawv nqaij daj tab sis tseem hnov zoo nkauj.
Kauj Ruam 7. Sib sib zog nqus frostbite:
Qhov no yog theem txaus ntshai heev ntawm frostbite, thiab xav tau kev kho mob tam sim. Saib kom loog thiab tawv nqaij hloov dawb los yog daj ntseg daj thiab zoo li lub ntsej muag lossis tawv tawv/txawv txawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tsos mob ntawm kiv taub hau, tsis meej pem/chaos thiab ua npaws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Kev kov yeej Frostbite
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav qhov chaw sov kom sai li sai tau
Yog tias koj tau txais qee cov cim qhia ntxov ntawm kev tawm tsam khov, mus rau hauv chav thiab pib ua kom sov. Tshem cov khaub ncaws ntub thiab hloov nrog cov khaub ncaws qhuav los yog siv cov pam tuab los ua kom lub cev sov. Haus cov dej sov xws li tshuaj yej, qhob noom xim kasfes sov lossis tsuas yog dej kub kom rov ua kom koj lub cev sov li qub.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tsis txhob rov qab los sab nraum tom qab koj sov so
Yog tias koj tawm mus sab nraud, lub cev cuam tshuam yuav muaj kev phom sij rau kev puas tsuaj ntxiv. Tsis txhob pheej hmoo vim tias koj xav rov qab mus caij ski lossis taug kev.
Kauj Ruam 3. Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem pom chav sov lossis nws nyob deb dhau ntawm lub tsev ua kom sov, nrhiav qhov chaw tiv thaiv los ntawm cua thiab yog tias ua tau hu rau kev pab
Kauj Ruam 4. Tsau qhov khov hauv dej sov
Sau lub tais loj lossis lub lauj kaub nrog dej sov, tom qab ntawd so kom khov kom khov. Tsis txhob siv dej kub, vim cua sov ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrawm heev muaj peev xwm ua rau cov nqaij puas. Soak lub frostbite rau 30 mus rau 40 feeb.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nug ib tus neeg uas tsis muaj frostbite kom paub tseeb tias cov dej sov heev (tsis kub)
Cov neeg uas muaj frostbite feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov kub kom raug.
Kauj Ruam 6. Tom qab 30 txog 40 feeb, ib feem ntawm lub cev yuav tsum zoo siab dua thiab tawv nqaij yuav rov qab zoo li qub
Thaum lub cev nqaij daim tawv pib sov, feem ntau tus neeg mob tuaj yeem hnov mob hnyav.
Kauj Ruam 7. Tsis txhob ua kom sov cua sov rau lwm txoj hau kev
Kev tuav tes ntxeev ntawm lub network tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau. Dej sov yuav tsum yog lub tshuab nkaus xwb uas siv los ua qhov qub ntawm lub cev. Ua tib zoo mloog cov lus ceeb toom hauv qab no:
Kauj Ruam 8. Tsis txhob txhuam daim tawv nqaij nrog koj txhais tes lossis siv phuam
Kauj Ruam 9. Tsis txhob siv lub rhaub dej kom qhuav, vim cov tawv nqaij loog yuav hlawv tau yooj yim
Kauj Ruam 10. Nug tus kws kho mob kom pab lossis mus ntsib kws kho mob txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas qhov raug mob
Frostnip tuaj yeem kho tau tom tsev yam tsis xav tau kev pab ntxiv, tab sis dab tsi dhau qhov ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj. Yog tias koj ntsib qee cov tsos mob raws li hauv qab no koj yuav tsum tau txais kev pab kho mob:
Kauj Ruam 11. Scald
Kauj Ruam 12. Tsis hnov tsw
Kauj Ruam 13. Cov tawv nqaij daj lossis xim daj
Kauj Ruam 14. Tsis txaus siab nrog qhov cuam tshuam
Kauj Ruam 15. Ua npaws, tsis meej pem lossis kiv taub hau
Lub tswv yim
- Hauv huab cua txias, cov khaub ncaws ua los ntawm cov ntaub plaub los yog cov ntaub plaub ua kom hnav tau zoo dua li paj rwb. Cov khoom nqus tau paj rwb tuaj yeem ua rau koj cov tawv nqaij txias dua.
- Yog tias ib tus neeg muaj qhov kub thiab txias txias, kho cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hypothermia ua ntej.
- Tsis txhob haus cawv thiab luam yeeb, vim tias ob qho tib si yuav ua rau lub cev tiv taus qhov txias txias.
- Wool yog sov dua vim tias nws ntxiab cua sov. Lub caij no, paj rwb uas nyiam nqus hws thaum nws khov lawm yuav tso tsis sov thiab tseem ua rau tus neeg hnav khaub ncaws txias. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm frostbite, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Yog li, tsis txhob poob siab yog tias muaj cov lus hais tias ntaub plaub sov sov, thaum paj rwb muaj peev xwm tua tau ("Wool warm and Cotton Kills").
