Yog tias koj tua mos lwj thiab lwm yam tsiaj rau lawv cov nqaij, vim li cas ho tsis siv lawv cov tawv nqaij ib yam? Kho cov tawv nqaij nrog txheej txheej tanning kom ntseeg tau tias koj thaum kawg tau txais cov tawv tawv uas tuaj yeem siv los ua khau thiab khaub ncaws lossis dai rau ntawm phab ntsa. Khaws nyeem kom paub txog ob txoj hauv kev tawv tawv: txheej txheem ib txwm uas yuav tsum siv tsiaj tus kheej lub hlwb roj ntuj thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg sai dua.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Tawv Tawv Siv Cov Roj Roj Lub Hlwb
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua tawv nqaij
Kev tawv nqaij yog txheej txheem ntawm kev khawb cov nqaij thiab cov rog los ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas tiv thaiv cov tawv nqaij los ntawm rotting. Muab cov tev tso rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij (thaiv tshwj xeeb uas tsim los kom cov tawv nqaij nyob hauv qhov chaw thaum koj ua haujlwm ntawm daim tawv nqaij) lossis ntawm daim phuam hauv av. Siv rab riam tawv los txhuam kom pom qhov seem ntawm cov nqaij thiab rog hauv nrawm, ruaj khov.
- Tawv tawv tsiaj tam sim tom qab txiav daim tawv nqaij los ntawm tus tsiaj lub cev. Yog tias koj tos ntau dua li ob peb teev, daim tawv nqaij yuav pib lwj, thiab yuav tawg thaum koj ziab.
- Ceev faj tsis txhob ua kom tawv nqaij thaum koj txhuam nws. Tsis txhob siv rab riam uas tsis yog riam tawv nqaij, vim rab riam uas tsis yog rab riam tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij lossis khawb tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntxuav daim tawv nqaij
Siv cov dej huv thiab xab npum ua los ntawm cov khoom ntuj tsim los tshem plua plav, ntshav, thiab lwm yam khib nyiab ua ntej koj pib ua rau tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 3. Qhuav daim tawv nqaij
Cia cov tawv kom qhuav li ob peb hnub los npaj nws rau tanning. Ua qhov nyob ib sab ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab siv txoj hlua txuas nws mus rau qhov khib kom qhuav. Cov rhawv ntoo no, uas tuaj yeem yuav tom khw muag khoom tua tsiaj, khaws cov tawv nyob hauv qhov chaw thaum tawv qhuav tag.
- Nco ntsoov tias tawv tau ncab tag nrho, tsis yog dai, ntawm qhov ziab khaub ncaws. Qhov ntau ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ncab, qhov loj dua qhov tshwm sim zaum kawg tom qab nws tau tanned.
- Yog tias koj kis koj cov tawv nqaij ntawm phab ntsa lossis tsev cog qoob loo, xyuas kom muaj chaw txaus rau huab cua kom kis tau ntawm cov tawv nqaij thiab phab ntsa. Txwv tsis pub, daim tawv nqaij yuav tsis qhuav kom zoo.
- Cov txheej txheem kom qhuav tuaj yeem siv sijhawm txog li ib lub lim tiam, nyob ntawm huab cua hauv koj cheeb tsam.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tshem cov plaub hau tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Tshem tawm cov tawv nqaij los ntawm lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws thiab siv txhais tes tuav lub ntsej muag riam riam los yog rab hneev deerskin scraper tshem tawm cov plaub hau ntawm tawv. Qhov no yog txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias kev daws tanning tuaj yeem ua kom ntub cov tawv nqaij. Ua tib zoo txhuam cov plaub hau thiab daim tawv nqaij los ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Yog tias cov plaub hau ntev, txiav nws ua ntej. Khawb cov plaub hau me me, thiab khawb deb ntawm koj.
- Ceev faj ntawm lub plab, vim cov tawv nqaij ntawm no nyias nyias dua ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv tsiaj lub hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Cov roj hauv tsiaj lub hlwb muab txoj hauv kev zas plaub hau, thiab txhua tus tsiaj muaj lub hlwb loj txaus los ziab nws cov tawv nqaij tag nrho. Boil tsiaj lub hlwb hauv 236 ml dej kom txog thaum lub paj hlwb tawg thiab sib tov zoo li cov kua zaub. Sib tov kom du. Ua cov theem hauv qab no los thov tsiaj lub hlwb rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij:
- Ntxuav daim tawv nqaij nrog dej. Nws tshem tawm cov roj seem thiab cov av thiab ua rau cov tawv nqaij softer, yog li nws tuaj yeem nqus tau cov roj hlwb zoo dua.
- Nyem rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, yog li daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem nqus cov roj tom qab. Nyem tawm cov dej ntau dhau los ntawm kev tso cov tawv nqaij ntawm ob lub phuam da dej thiab nyem nws, tom qab ntawd rov ua cov txheej txheem siv ob lub phuam so qhuav.
- Thov lub hlwb sib tov ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom nws nqus tau rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Nco ntsoov tias koj npog tag nrho cov tawv nqaij.
- Yob daim tawv nqaij thiab khaws hauv lub hnab yas loj lossis lub hnab ntim khoom noj loj. Khaws rau hauv lub tub yees kom cia lub hlwb cov roj nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsawg kawg 24 teev.
Kauj Ruam 6. Ua kom tawv nqaij mos
Tam sim no tias cov roj tau nqus mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, daim tawv nqaij tau npaj kom muag muag. Tshem tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm lub tub yees thiab muab nws rov qab rau ntawm lub khib kom qhuav. Ntxuav lub hlwb sib tov kom ntau li ntau tau. Siv tus pas hnyav lossis tawv tawv los ua kom tawv nqaij los ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej rov ua dua ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Koj tseem tuaj yeem sau npe kev pab los ntawm ib tus npoj yaig los pab koj ncab thiab muag cov tawv nqaij los ntawm kev txo cov tawv nqaij los ntawm cov ziab ziab thiab rub cov tawv ntawm ob sab. Ua qhov no kom txog rau thaum koj ob leeg nkees, tom qab ntawd tso cov tawv rov qab rau ntawm lub ziab khaub ncaws kom qhuav thiab siv cov tawv muag los ua haujlwm tawv ntxiv.
- Cov hlua hnyav kuj tseem siv tau los ua kom tawv nqaij. Nug tus khub kom tuav ib qho kawg ntawm txoj hlua thiab ua haujlwm ua ke txhawm rau rub nws tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 7. Haus cov tawv nqaij
Thaum cov tawv nqaij tau dhau los ua mos, muag muag, thiab qhuav, daim tawv nqaij tau npaj rau haus. Xaws lub qhov ntawm daim tawv, thiab xaws ob sab ntawm daim tawv kom ua lub hnab tshos. Kaw ib sab kom nws nruj txaus kom tuav tau cov pa luam yeeb. Muab lub hnab tawv hla lub qhov uas kwv yees li 30 cm dav thiab 15 cm tob. Siv tus pas los tsim qhov ntxhib los tuav lub hnab tawv tawv qhib, thiab khi lub ntug kaw rau ntawm tsob ntoo lossis siv lwm tus pas ntev los tuav nws hauv qhov chaw. Ua hluav taws me me thiab haus luam yeeb hauv lub hnab kom haus cov tawv nqaij.
- Sai li qhov hluav taws me me tau zes rau ntawm cov nplaim hluav ncaig, pib ntxiv cov ntoo ntawm cov pa luam yeeb mus rau qhov hluav taws kub thiab muab daim tawv nqaij ncig lub qhov. Ib qho me me ntawm ib sab yuav tso cai rau koj kom cov hluav taws kub hnyiab.
- Tom qab haus luam yeeb ib sab ntawm daim tawv nqaij ib nrab teev, tig sab hauv ntawm lub hnab tawm thiab haus luam yeeb mus rau lwm sab.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Tawv Tawv Siv Tshuaj
Kauj Ruam 1. Ua tawv nqaij
Kev tawv nqaij yog txheej txheem ntawm kev khawb cov nqaij thiab cov rog los ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas tiv thaiv cov tawv nqaij los ntawm rotting. Muab cov tev tso rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij (thaiv tshwj xeeb uas tsim los kom cov tawv nqaij nyob hauv qhov chaw thaum koj ua haujlwm ntawm daim tawv nqaij) lossis ntawm daim phuam hauv av. Siv rab riam tawv los txhuam kom pom qhov seem ntawm cov nqaij thiab rog hauv nrawm, ruaj khov.
- Tawv tawv tsiaj tam sim tom qab txiav daim tawv nqaij los ntawm tus tsiaj lub cev. Yog tias koj tos ntau dua li ob peb teev, daim tawv nqaij yuav pib lwj, thiab yuav tawg thaum koj ziab.
- Ceev faj tsis txhob ua kom tawv nqaij thaum koj txhuam nws. Tsis txhob siv rab riam uas tsis yog riam tawv nqaij, vim rab riam uas tsis yog rab riam tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij lossis khawb tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntsev daim tawv nqaij
Tom qab tev tawm, tam sim ntawd kis ntawm daim tawv nqaij hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm daim ntaub thiab lub tsho tiv no nrog 1.5 - 2.5 kg ntsev. Xyuas kom daim tawv nqaij ua kom tiav nrog ntsev.
- Rau ob lub lim tiam tom ntej, txuas ntxiv ntsev rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom txog thaum daim tawv nqaij qhuav.
- Yog tias koj pom cov dej ntws los ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm daim tawv nqaij, npog thaj tsam nrog ntsev ntau dua.
Kauj Ruam 3. Npaj cov cuab yeej tanning
Kev daws teeb meem Tanning yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab tshuaj uas koj xav tau los ntawm lwm qhov. Npaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
- 7,6l ua
- 5.6 L ntawm bran flakes dej (Ua qhov no los ntawm kev npau npau 5.6 L dej thiab nchuav nws ntau dua 0.5 kg ntawm cov nplaim paj bran. Cia qhov sib xyaw no zaum ib teev, tom qab ntawd lim thiab txuag dej.)
- 2 kg ntsev (tsis muaj iodine)
- 296 ml roj teeb kua qaub
- 1 lub thawv ci ci
- 2 lub thoob khib nyiab loj
- 1 tus pas loj, rau nplawm thiab xa cov tawv nqaij
Kauj Ruam 4. Tawv tawv nqaij
Pib los ntawm so cov tawv nqaij hauv cov dej huv kom txog thaum nws mos thiab muag, yog li cov tawv nqaij yuav nqus tau cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau yooj yim dua. Thaum daim tawv nqaij tau npaj rau ziab, tev tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij sab hauv qhuav. Tom qab ntawd, ua cov theem hauv qab no rau ziab tawv:
- Muab cov ntsev tso rau hauv lub thoob khib nyiab thiab nchuav 7.6 L dej npau rau hauv. Ntxiv bran flakes dej thiab do kom txog thaum ntsev yog yaj tag.
- Ntxiv roj teeb kua qaub. Xyuas kom koj hnav hnab looj tes thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv kom tiv thaiv kev raug mob los ntawm cov roj teeb kua qaub.
- Muab daim tawv nqaij tso rau hauv lub thoob khib nyiab, thawb nws nrog tus pas kom paub tseeb tias daim tawv nqaij tau submerged hauv cov tshuaj. Cia nws tsau rau 40 feeb.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ntxuav daim tawv nqaij
Sau cov thoob khib nyiab thib ob nrog dej huv thaum tos kom tawv kom tsau hauv cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau. Tom qab 40 feeb tau dhau mus, siv tus pas los tshem cov tawv nqaij los ntawm cov tshuaj ziab khaub ncaws thiab hloov nws mus rau dej huv. Tawv tawv kom ntxuav cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau tawm ntawm tawv. Thaum cov dej zoo li qias neeg, tso dej tawm, rov ua dua nrog dej huv, thiab ntxuav cov tawv nqaij li 5 feeb.
- Yog tias koj npaj ua khaub ncaws los ntawm cov tawv no, ntxiv ib lub thawv ci ci rau hauv dej kom tshem tawm cov kua qaub uas seem. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov kua qaub los ntawm kev ua phem rau tib neeg daim tawv nqaij.
- Yog tias koj tsis npaj yuav ua khaub ncaws tawm ntawm cov tawv no, koj tsis tas yuav ntxiv ib lub thawv ci ci, vim tias ua kom cov kua qaub nruab nrab tseem txo cov kua qaub kom ua tau zoo hauv kev khaws cov tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 6. Muab cov dej thiab roj tso rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Tshem tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm cov dej thiab dai nws rau ntawm qhov thaiv kom qhuav. Thov neatsfoot roj kom du ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Kauj Ruam 7. Tshaj tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Dai daim tawv ntawm lub ncab lossis lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem tanning. Muab nws tso rau hauv lub hnub kom qhuav.
- Tom qab ob peb hnub, daim tawv nqaij yuav tsum qhuav thiab khov. Tshem tawm ntawm cov khib thiab txhuam sab tawv nrog txhuam txhuam kom txog thaum nws zoo li mos thiab du.
- Cia cov tawv nqaij kom qhuav kom txog thaum nws qhuav tag. Qhov no feem ntau yuav siv ob peb hnub.
Lub tswv yim
- Yog tias koj ntxiv ntoo tshauv los ntawm lub chaw tua hluav taws mus rau dej thaum cov tawv nqaij so, cov tawv plaub hau tuaj yeem tawm yooj yim heev. Cov ntoo tshauv no hloov dej mus rau hauv kev daws cov tshuaj alkaline.
- Cov pa luam yeeb dawb ua rau cov tawv ntoo dub.
- Cov pob kws qhuav tau haus luam yeeb tau zoo heev thiab ua rau tawv nqaij daj.
Ceeb toom
- Thaum haus luam yeeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nyob ntawd thiab saib qhov hluav taws kub.
- Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev thaum khawb thiab ncab cov tawv nqaij. Khaws deb ntawm koj. Scrapers thiab stretcher tsis ntse, tab sis vim tias koj siv lub siab, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau koj mob yog tias koj xaub koj txhais tes.
- Ib txwm hnav hnab looj tes thiab hnab looj tes tiv thaiv thaum tuav cov roj teeb kua qaub, vim nws tau xeb thiab tuaj yeem hlawv koj cov tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag.
