Kev yuav cov hlaws tsis yooj yim li xaiv qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws - yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav kom zoo. Muaj ntau yam los txiav txim siab thaum xaiv lub hlaws los yuav, suav nrog qhov nws yuav loj hlob, nws qhov loj me thiab qhov tsos, thiab txoj kev nws loj hlob tuaj li cas. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias koj tau txais cov hlaws zoo, kawm txog qhov tseem ceeb thiab yam zoo ntawm cov hlaws muaj nyob hauv khw.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 3: Xaiv Hom
Kauj Ruam 1. Xaiv txoj kev loj hlob
Cov hlaws tau loj hlob los ntawm cov txheej txheem qhov twg tso nyiaj me me - xuab zeb lossis lub plhaub - tau nkag mus rau hauv oyster. Tom qab ntawd cov oysters tau pleev xim nrog lub ci ci hu ua "nacre". Sij hawm dhau mus, nacre loj hlob los ua ib lub hlaws. Qhov twg pearls thaum xub thawj tuaj yeem pom muaj ntau nyob hauv oysters hauv dej hiav txwv, tam sim no lawv tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv chav kuaj mob. Raws li xws li, muaj ob hom dav dav ntawm cov hlaws loj hlob: ntuj thiab kev coj noj coj ua.
- Ntuj pearls yog qhov tsawg heev thiab yog li kim heev. Cov hlaws ntuj zoo ib yam li cov hlaws kab lis kev cai, qhov sib txawv yog tias lawv tau loj hlob "yuam kev" hauv "tsiaj qus" oysters.
- Kev cog qoob loo yog ua los ntawm kev cog cov xuab zeb hauv cov oyster, thiab tos kom nws loj tuaj. Feem ntau cov hlaws uas tuaj yeem yuav tau yog kev coj noj coj ua. Lawv zoo nkaus li zoo li ntuj pearls, tab sis yog tsim los ntawm tib neeg.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib cov dej ntshiab pearls piv rau dej hiav txwv
Cov hlaws dej hauv dej sib txawv los ntawm cov hlaws dej hiav txwv; Cov hlaws dej hauv dej tau loj hlob hauv qwj nplais, hos cov dej hiav txwv hlaws tau loj hlob hauv oysters. Cov hlaws dej hauv dej tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam duab, xim, thiab ci, tab sis feem ntau pom nyob hauv cov duab "khib" - tsis du thiab zoo ib yam, thiab tsis loj dua 7mm. Cov hlaws brine tuaj ntau yam thiab tuaj yeem loj tuaj. Seawater Muriara yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb/hom oyster qhov twg nws loj tuaj.
- Cov dej hiav txwv dej hiav txwv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov kab hloov pauv, tab sis cov no feem ntau kim dua li cov duab sib txawv.
- Cov dej ntshiab thiab dej hiav txwv muaj nyob hauv yuav luag txhua qhov xim.
Kauj Ruam 3. Saib xyuas Akoya hlaws
Akoya hlaws, muaj npe tom qab Akoya oyster hauv Nyij Pooj qhov uas nws loj tuaj, yog piv txwv ntawm cov hlaws qub. Akoya pearls feem ntau yog cov mis dawb los yog sawv hauv cov xim, nrog cov nyiaj los yog cov pob zeb kub. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlaws no tseem muaj nyob hauv beige, mint ntsuab, thiab lub teeb xiav. Feem ntau Akoya cov hlaws muaj qhov loj me ntawm 3mm txog 10mm, thiab tuaj nyob rau hauv cov duab puag ncig.
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib cov hlaws dub ntawm Hiav Txwv South
Hiav txwv dub hiav txwv sab qab teb tau loj hlob nyob rau hauv dub-lipped oysters tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Tahiti. Pearls los ntawm thaj chaw no tau paub txog lawv cov xim dub sib sib zog nqus thiab loj loj. Feem ntau cov dej hiav txwv South Hiav Txwv pib ntawm 8 hli, thiab loj dua. Qhov xav tau tshaj plaws tom qab xim ntawm hom hlaws no yog xim dub nrog ntxoov peacock ntsuab. Cov hlaws no tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov xim xiav, nyiaj thiab pob zeb, xim liab tsaus nti, thiab ntsuab ntsuab, thiab tej zaum yuav ntxoov liab thiab xiav.
Kauj Ruam 5. Saib cov hlaws dawb ntawm Hiav Txwv South
Loj hlob hauv cov nyiaj-lipped oysters, Sab Qab Teb Hiav Txwv dawb pearls tuaj yeem pom ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Tahiti thiab Okinawa. Zoo ib yam li cov hlaws dub uas loj hlob nyob rau thaj tsam, Hiavtxwv South Dawb pearls loj heev thiab ci heev. Cov hlaws no tsis tau sau ua ntej mus txog qhov loj me ntawm tsawg kawg 9 hli, ua rau lawv kim dua me dua li Akoya dawb hlaws. Cov hlaws no feem ntau pom muaj xim dawb lossis nyiaj, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj tones sawv.
Kauj Ruam 6. Pom cov hlaws kub ntawm Hiav Txwv South
Qhov tsis tshua muaj ntau yam ntawm cov hlaws yog South Laur kub hlaws. Cov hlaws no tsuas yog loj hlob nyob rau hauv kub-lipped oysters pom hauv hiav txwv ntawm Tahiti thiab ib puag ncig tropics. Cov hlaws no loj heev - pib ntawm 9 hli - thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig rau lawv cov xim tshwj xeeb. Cov hlaws no los hauv cov xim los ntawm lub teeb champagne mus rau cov xim kub, qhov twg kub tshaj plaws yog nrhiav tom qab. Gold-lipped oysters tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov xim dawb thiab qab zib, tab sis cov no zoo ib yam li cov uas ua los ntawm cov nyiaj-lipped oysters.
Kauj Ruam 7. Saib Cortez hlaws
Cortez hlaws yog qhov tsis tshua muaj ntau yam uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv zaj sawv-lipped oysters tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Hiav Txwv Cortez hauv Mexico. Cov hlaws no tau muab cais ua cov hlaws dub, tab sis tuaj ntau yam xim zaj sawv. Cortez qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws (thiab zoo tshaj plaws) hlaws yog pistachio ntsuab nrog cov duab zaj sawv ci (feem ntau yog sawv thiab kub). Cov hlaws no muaj qhov loj ntawm 8mm txog 12mm.
Kauj Ruam 8. Nrhiav cov hlaws conch
Conch pearls (hais tawm 'Konk') tsis yog cov hlaws ib txwm, vim lawv tsis yog-nacreal (cov kua qaub zoo li cov kua hauv oysters) thiab tau tsim hauv cov pob zeb conch. Conch yog mollusk loj nyob rau hauv lub plhaub kauv, pom hauv dej ntawm Caribbean thiab South Pacific. Conch pearls yog qhov tshwj xeeb heev hauv lawv qhov tsos. Cov hlaws no pom muaj xim liab thiab txiv duaj, nrog cov qauv zoo li hluav taws nyob sab nrauv. Qhov hluav taws, zoo ib yam li pom hauv opals, yog qhov txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm cov hlaws. Cov hlaws no los hauv ntau yam duab thiab ntau thiab tsawg, tab sis qee qhov yog puag ncig.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 3: Txheeb Xyuas Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Txheeb xyuas cov xim
Xim yog thawj yam uas koj pom hauv lub hlaws. Thaum cov xim yuav sib txawv nyob ntawm seb hom hlaws uas koj tab tom saib, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau ob yam: xim lub cev, thiab xim xim. Lub cev xim yog thawj xim ntawm cov hlaws, nyob ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo yog xim lossis xim uas "ntab" ntawm lub hlaws nto. Piv txwv li, ib lub hlaws yuav dawb nrog ntxoov paj yeeb, lossis dub nrog ntxoov ntsuab.
- Ib txwm kuaj xyuas rau xim xim tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau dawb, xws li ib daim ntawm velvet dawb lossis lwm yam ntaub tiv thaiv qhov muag.
- Siv tag nrho cov kab teeb ci thaum tshawb xyuas cov xim hlaws.
- Yog tias koj tab tom yuav ib txoj hlua ntawm cov hlaws, nco ntsoov xyuas cov xim ntawm txhua lub hlaws tiv thaiv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlaws nyob ze.
Kauj Ruam 2. Saib qhov ci
Zoo ib yam li saib cov xim ntawm hlaws, luster hais txog qhov ci/xav txog ntawm lub hlaws. Lub shinier lub hlaws, qhov muaj nqis nws yog. Thaum tshuaj xyuas lub hlaws ci, saib yuav ua li cas nws thiaj zoo ib yam li daim iav, thiab pom lub teeb pom kev ntau npaum li cas. Qhov zoo sib xws ntau dua qhov kev xav ntawm lub hlaws muab, ntau dua nws tus nqi.
- Cov lus ci tau yooj yim los tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov hlaws puag ncig, qhov uas nws yuav nyuaj dua los tshuaj xyuas cov hlaws zoo li lub ntsej muag txawv vim lawv muaj ntau txoj kab.
- Txheeb xyuas txhua lub hlaws kom paub tseeb tias qhov ci zoo ib yam ntawm txhua sab.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws puag ncig cov hlaws yog me me thiab feem ntau tsis du, nrog qhov me me tsis xws luag. Koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas txhua lub hlaws ntawm txoj hlua, nrhiav qhov tsis zoo/qhov tsis xws. Tej zaum yuav muaj xim av, ditches, pob me me nyob saum cov hlaws. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm lwm lub cev txawv teb chaws hauv oyster txhuam cov hlaws raws li nws yog hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Tsis tas li, koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas kom paub tseeb tias cov hlaws tsis raug tshem tawm. Qee zaum pearls tau 'ua haujlwm' - xuab zeb - txhawm rau txo qhov tsis xws luag, tab sis qhov no txo lawv tus nqi. Koj tuaj yeem pom tias lub hlaws tau ua haujlwm yog tias muaj kev hloov pauv hauv qhov ci lossis kev ntxhib los mos ntawm ib qho twg.
Kauj Ruam 4. Xav txog qhov loj me
Qhov loj ntawm cov hlaws nws txawv nyob ntawm seb yam xwm txheej twg uas nws tau loj hlob, thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov tso nyiaj thawj hauv qhov chaw. Cov hlaws loj dua yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li cov me, vim tias lawv tsis tshua muaj. Qhov loj dua lub hlaws, qhov loj dua qhov tso nyiaj thawj zaug, thiab ntev dua nws yuav loj hlob hauv oyster. Qhov loj ntawm lub hlaws txawv ntawm 3mm txog 12mm, txawm hais tias koj yuav pom qee qhov me me lossis loj dua qhov no. Thaum tshuaj xyuas cov hlua ntawm cov hlaws, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj yog tias lawv txhua tus zoo ib yam lossis zoo ib yam.
Kauj Ruam 5. Saib cov duab
Muaj ntau ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov hlaws, cov puag ncig feem ntau yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws vim tias lawv nyuaj rau tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, cov duab ntawm cov hlaws feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tus kheej nyiam, vim tias qee yam ntawm cov duab zoo dua haum rau qee qhov xwm txheej dua li lwm tus. Cov duab hlaws muaj xws li:
- Spherical: zoo kawg nkaus kheej kheej tsis muaj qhov tsis xws nto
- Ib puag ncig tsis zoo: dav me ntsis ntawm ib sab ntawm lub hlaws, tab sis tsis yog kheej kheej. Cov hlaws puag ncig tsis zoo tuaj yeem siv tau yooj yim.
- Oval: puag ncig nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev thiab dav. Ib kauj ruam ntxiv los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav.
- Nco tseg: lub qe zoo li ib lub qhov kawg, thiab lwm qhov taw qhia me ntsis.
- Khawm: pearls uas feem ntau puag ncig, nrog ib lossis ob lub ntsej muag asymmetrical.
- Mabe: puag ncig hlaws nrog ib sab tiaj, tsim ib lub voj voog.
- Qhov txawv: 'ntuj' pearl nrog ntau pob thiab asymmetrical curvature.
Kauj Ruam 6. Txheeb rau nacre
Nacre yog cov ntaub ntawv zais los ntawm cov oyster uas tsim cov hlaws, thaum nws tau ua rau saum cov tub ntxhais. Ntev npaum li cas lub hlaws yog nyob rau hauv lub oyster, ntau nacre uas txhim tsa thaum lub sijhawm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov hlaws nacre siab tau nrhiav tom qab ntau dua li cov hlaws qis. Tus nqi siab ntawm nacre txhim kho cov hlaws ci. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov hlaws nacre cov ntsiab lus yog tias koj tuaj yeem pom cov tub ntxhais tawg hauv sab hauv, lossis yog tias sab nrauv tau yooj yim tshem tawm los ntawm kev txhuam. Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus nacre ntawm hlaws, nws muaj zog dua.
Pearls uas loj hlob hauv plhaub thiab conch tsis muaj nacre
Kauj Ruam 7. Nrhiav qhov zoo sib xws hauv ib txoj hlua
Yog tias koj tab tom yuav ib txoj hlua ntawm pearls ua ib pawg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas koj pom cov hlua nrog cov hlaws uas yuav luag zoo ib yam rau ib leeg. Qhov zoo sib xws txhua lub hlaws yog nyob rau ntawm ib txoj hlua, qhov sib koom ua ke nws zoo li. Sib piv thiab sib piv txhua cov hlaws nyob ze, thiab saib ib leeg los ntawm qee qhov deb. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas tag nrho cov xim, qhov loj me, duab, ci, thiab qhov zoo ntawm txhua lub hlaws nacre thaum koj sib piv.
Qhov kev zam rau txoj cai no yog txoj hlua coj txawv txawv ntawm cov hlaws; Them sai sai rau xim thiab ci, tsis zoo li qub
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 3: Xaiv Txoj Cai
Kauj Ruam 1. Sim yuav cov xoob xoob
Cov hlaws xoob xoob yog cov hlaws uas tau muab hlais rau hauv hlaws, tab sis tseem tsis tau muab sib dhos ua ib txoj saw caj dab. Vim li ntawd, xoob xoob xoob xaim yog daim ntawv kim tshaj plaws, vim nws xav tau qee qhov kev mob siab los ua nws ua ib qho ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Koj tseem tuaj yeem yuav xoob, tsis tau hlaws hlaws rau lub nplhaib thiab qhwv ntsej, nrog tib lub tswvyim.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txiav txim siab yuav lub choker
Chocker yog txoj hlua luv tshaj plaws ntawm cov saw caj dab. Nws tau tsim los kom ze rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub caj dab (yog li kaw nws txhaws). Chokers feem ntau yog 25-34 cm, nyob ntawm tus neeg hnav.
Kauj Ruam 3. Sim yuav cov poj huab tais
Cov poj niam txoj hlua caj dab feem ntau yog cov nyiam hnav cov hlaws. Cov saw caj dab no cuam tshuam nrog qhov zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj ntawm xyoo 1940, nrog txoj hlua ntawm cov hlaws dai hauv qab lub caj dab. Cov saw caj dab ntxhais fuabtais feem ntau ntev 40-48cm.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nrhiav txoj saw caj dab matinee
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej tom qab tus ntxhais fuabtais caj dab, lub matinee tau txais kev cawmdim rau ib nrab sijhawm thiab ntev me ntsis dua li cov hlua yav dhau los. Matinees feem ntau sib txawv ntawm 50-60cm.
Kauj Ruam 5. Nrhiav txoj saw caj dab
Cov hlua ntawm cov hlaws zoo li opera-style tau khaws cia rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, vim tias lawv ntev (nrog rau tus nqi siab). Opera caj dab ntev sib txawv ntawm 76-91 cm, dai rau hauv qab kab kab
Kauj Ruam 6. Txiav txim siab yuav ib txoj hlua hlua
Txoj hlua ntawm pearls yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws, pib ntawm 91cm thiab ntev dua. Cov hlua tau hnav los yog khi, muab qhov pom ntawm ob txoj hlua ntawm pearls.
Kauj Ruam 7. Nrhiav txoj phuam qhwv caj dab
Cov phuam qhwv caj dab-style feem ntau suav nrog ob peb txoj hlua ntawm cov hlaws ntawm qhov sib txawv ntev, txuas rau tib txoj hlua. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev teeb tsa, txoj saw caj dab zoo li lub apron. Cov ntaub qhwv caj dab feem ntau yog siv rau ib nrab xwm txheej lossis xwm txheej xwm txheej, vim tias lawv yog qhov ua rau pom ntau dua.
Lub tswv yim
- Qhov zoo tshaj plaws puag ncig cov dej ntshiab pearls feem ntau nyuaj rau sau thiab suav tsawg dua 1% ntawm tag nrho cov dej tsaws tsag cog qoob loo.
- Thaum cov dej ntshiab pearls tau ruaj dua li "akoya," lawv yuav tsis zoo li ci hauv kev sib piv, thiab hmoov zoo, tus nqi sib txawv ntawm cov dej ntshiab pearls thiab akoya pearls feem ntau yog ib qho lej zauv, piv txwv li, "akoya" = $ 500, dej tshiab = $ 50.
- Cov dej ntshiab pearls tau loj hlob hauv mollusk "Hyriopsis cumingi" rau 2-4 xyoos.
Ceeb toom
- Dyed los yog dyed pearls yuav tsum tau tus nqi pheej yig dua pearls ntawm ntuj xim. Saib rau nqe lus ntawm qhov tseeb lossis lub npe muaj npe zoo.
- Ua ntej txiav txim siab, nug kom pom ob peb txoj hlua ntawm cov hlaws nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo los pab koj nkag siab cov txiaj ntsig thiab muag khoom.
