Hauv kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, kev dilution yog txheej txheem ntawm kev txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj. Chain dilution yog qhov rov ua dua ntawm kev daws teeb meem kom nrawm dua qhov ua kom nrawm. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau tau ua hauv kev sim uas xav tau kev daws teeb meem ntau nrog qhov tseeb. Piv txwv li kev sim uas cuam tshuam nrog kev nkhaus nkhaus ntawm qhov ntsuas logarithmic lossis kev sim los txiav txim qhov ntom ntawm cov kab mob. Kev daws teeb meem saw hlau tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb xws li biochemistry, microbiology, pharmacology, thiab physics.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 2: Ua Yooj Yim Dilution
Kauj Ruam 1. Txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog diluent tov
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los txiav txim siab cov kua uas yuav siv rau dilution. Ntau qhov kev daws teeb meem tau yaj hauv dej distilled, tab sis qhov no tsis tas li. Yog tias koj tab tom diluting cov kab mob lossis lwm lub cell, ua li ntawd ntawm kab lis kev cai nruab nrab. Cov kua uas koj xaiv yuav raug siv rau txhua qhov kev daws teeb meem.
Yog tias tsis ntseeg txog qhov yuav siv qhov twg, nrhiav kev pab lossis saib online. Nrhiav cov piv txwv los ntawm lwm tus uas tau ua tiav cov kev sib txuas zoo sib xws
Kauj Ruam 2. Npaj tus naj npawb ntawm cov raj kuaj uas muaj 9 mL ntawm cov tshuaj sib tov
Cov raj kuaj tau siv rau qhov kev daws teeb meem. Ua ntej, muab cov qauv uas tsis tau tso rau hauv thawj lub raj, tom qab ntawd ua qhov kev daws teeb meem txuas ntxiv mus rau cov raj tom ntej.
- Sau tag nrho cov raj siv ua ntej pib dilution kom koj tsis txhob poob siab thaum qhov kev sim tau ua tiav.
- Txhua lub raj yuav tau ntim nrog 10 qhov kev daws teeb meem, pib los ntawm lub raj uas nws cov khoom tsis tau diluted. Kev dilution hauv thawj lub raj yog 1:10, tom qab ntawd 1: 100 hauv lub raj thib ob, 1: 1000 rau qhov thib peb, thiab ntxiv rau. Txiav txim siab qhov kev dilution uas yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej, kom koj tsis txhob nkim qhov kev daws teeb meem.
Kauj Ruam 3. Npaj ib lub raj kuaj uas muaj tsawg kawg 2 mL ntawm cov tshuaj uas tsis tov
Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau diluted yuav tsum tau ua kom cov saw dilution yog 1 mL. Yog tias koj siv tsuas yog 1 mL, yuav tsis muaj cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj tshuaj ntxiv. Daim ntawv lo BLM rau cov kev daws teeb meem tsis sib xws.
Sib tov cov tshuaj kom zoo ua ntej pib muaj qhov dilution
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua thawj qhov dilution
Siv 1 mL ntawm cov tshuaj uas tsis tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm BLM lub raj kuaj nrog lub raj xa dej thiab muab tso rau hauv lub raj kuaj uas sau tias 1:10 muaj 9 mL ntawm cov tshuaj sib tov, tom qab ntawd sib tov kom huv. Tam sim no muaj 1 mL ntawm cov tshuaj tsis tau daws hauv 9 mL ntawm qhov sib tov. Yog li, qhov kev daws teeb meem tau raug diluted los ntawm qhov sib ntxiv ntawm 10.
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua qhov thib ob dilution
Rau qhov dilution thib ob, noj 1 ml ntawm kev daws los ntawm 1:10 raj, tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv 1: 100 raj uas tseem muaj 9 mL ntawm cov tshuaj sib tov. Nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj hauv 1:10 raj tau sib xyaw ua ntej ntxiv nws mus rau lub raj tom ntej. Ib zaug ntxiv, xyuas kom tseeb tias qhov dilution hauv 1: 100 raj tau sib xyaw tag nrho. Kev daws los ntawm 1:10 raj tau diluted 10-fold hauv 1: 100 raj.
Kauj Ruam 6. Txuas ntxiv cov txheej txheem no kom ua kom ntev dua cov saw hlau
Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem rov ua ntau zaus raws li qhov tsim nyog kom tau txais qhov kev daws teeb meem xav tau. Hauv kev sim siv qhov nkhaus siab, koj tuaj yeem ua cov saw sib tov los tsim ntau cov kev daws teeb meem nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm 1, 1:10, 1: 100, 1: 1,000.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 2: Xam Tus Txheej Txheem Dilution thiab Qhov Tseeb Kawg
Kauj Ruam 1. Xam qhov sib piv ntawm qhov kawg dilution hauv cov saw dilution
Tag nrho kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib ntxiv qhov sib faib los ntawm txhua qib mus rau kauj ruam kawg. Cov lej piv txwv yog nrog tus lej Dt = D1 x D ua2 x D ua3 x … XD , Dt yog tag nrho cov dilution factor thiab D. yog diluent piv.
- Piv txwv li, cia peb hais tias koj ua 1:10 dilution 4 zaug. Ntsuas qhov sib txawv hauv cov mis: Dt = 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 10,000
- Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov raj thib plaub hauv cov kab mob sib kis no yog 1: 10,000. Cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj tom qab dilution yog 10,000 zaug qis dua ua ntej nws tau diluted.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txiav txim siab qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj tom qab dilution
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov kev txiav txim siab zaum kawg ntawm kev daws teeb meem tom qab kev sib faib cov saw, koj yuav tsum paub nws thawj qhov kev mloog zoo. Cov mis yog Ckawg = Cpib/D, Cuaskawg yog qhov siab kawg ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem, C.pib yog thawj qhov kev mloog zoo ntawm thawj qhov kev daws teeb meem, thiab D yog qhov kev npaj ua ntej dilution piv.
- Piv txwv li: Yog tias koj pib nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm tes uas nws qhov concentration yog 1,000,000 hlwb ib mL thiab qhov sib tov sib xyaw yog 1,000, qhov kawg ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm qhov piv txwv yog dab tsi?
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Los ntawm kev siv cov mis:
- Ckawg = Cpib/D
- Ckawg = 1.000.000/1.000
- Ckawg = 1000 hlwb ib ml
Kauj Ruam 3. Ua kom ntseeg tau tias txhua chav nyob zoo ib yam
Thaum ua ib qho kev suav, nco ntsoov tias cov koog ib txwm zoo ib yam thaum kawg ntawm kev suav. Yog tias chav tsev pib yog cov cell ib mL, nco ntsoov tias cov koog nyob zoo ib yam thaum kawg ntawm kev suav. Yog tias qhov kev tsom xam thawj zaug yog ib feem ntawm ib lab (bpd), tom qab ntawd qhov kev tsom xam kawg yuav tsum yog hauv cov chav bpj.
