Cov lus tshwj xeeb siv hauv Askiv, Scotland, Northern Ireland thiab Wales yog txhua qhov sib txawv thiab nrog kev coj ua koj tuaj yeem hais lus hauv qhov tseeb-suab nrov. Nrog rau cov lus hais tseem muaj cov qauv uas koj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account kom ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov lus hais ntawd. Cov lus qhia hauv qab no yuav piav qhia txog Poj huab tais Askiv lossis "Tau Txais Kev Hais Lus" (RP) uas tau siv nyob rau yav Qab Teb Askiv thiab Wales, thiab tsis tshua muaj siv nyob rau niaj hnub Askiv tam sim no, tab sis kev xav tsis zoo ntawm cov neeg txawv tebchaws ntawm txoj kev hais lus neeg Askiv. Txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm RP muaj kev txhawj xeeb dav nrog rau kev hais tawm, thaum txoj kev kawm ntawm cov lus txheej txheem kuj tseem hais txog tej yam xws li cov qauv sau ntawv raug, cov lus thiab ntau yam ua qauv.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 6: Tsab ntawv R
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nrog R
Nkag siab tias feem ntau cov lus Askiv hais lus tsis yob lawv R (tshwj tsis yog los ntawm Scotland, Northumbria, Northern Ireland thiab ib feem ntawm Lancashire), tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg Askiv hais lus zoo ib yam. Piv txwv li, kev hais lus Scottish txawv ntawm cov lus Askiv. Tom qab tus vowel, tsis txhob hais R, tab sis ntev lub vowel thiab tej zaum ntxiv "uh" (Nov yog "heeuh"). Hauv ib lo lus zoo li "maj nrawm," tsis txhob sib xyaw R nrog lub vowel. Hais "huh-ree".
- Txog Asmeskas Lus Askiv, cov lus xaus nrog "rl" lossis "rel" tuaj yeem hais qhia siv ib lossis ob lub suab lus, sib pauv tau tag nrho. Qhov no tsis siv rau Askiv Askiv. "-rl" cov lus zoo li "ntxhais", "cuam", thiab lwm yam, tau hais ua ib lub suab yam tsis hais R, thaum "nas" yog "squih-rul", thiab "xa mus" yog "re-fer-rul".
- Qee lo lus yooj yim tshaj tawm nrog lus Askiv. Piv txwv li, daim iav, uas zoo li "mih-ra". Tsis txhob hais "daim iav" zoo li "yooj yim"; Cov neeg Askiv yuav luag tsis ua nws. Thaum tshaj tawm cov lus uas xaus hauv W, nws feem ntau hais nrog "r" thaum kawg. Piv txwv li, lo lus "pom" tuaj yeem hais ua "saw-r", yog siv hauv kab lus nws dhau los "Kuv pom nws!"
Ntu 2 ntawm 6: Tsab ntawv U
Kauj Ruam 1. Hais U hauv kev ruam thiab ua haujlwm nrog lub ew lossis "koj" lub suab
Zam qhov oo raws li tus neeg hais lus Asmeskas; yog li ntawd nws yog feem ntau hais tawm stewpid lossis ntau dua schewpid, tsis stoopid, thiab lwm yam. lub luag haujlwm yuav hais tau meej lossis ntau ntau jooty. Txog tus qauv hais lus Askiv, A (piv txwv li, hauv leej txiv) tau hais tawm tom qab ntawm lub qhov ncauj nrog lub caj pas qhib - nws suab zoo li "arh." Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim rau yuav luag txhua qhov kev hais lus Askiv, tab sis yog hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg hauv RP. Hauv tebchaws Askiv Qab Teb thiab RP, cov lus zoo li "da dej", "txoj hauv kev", "iav", "nyom" kuj tseem siv lub suab no (barth, parth, glarss, grarss, thiab lwm yam). Txawm li cas los xij, nyob hauv UK tus so "da dej", "txoj kev", thiab lwm yam. suab zoo li "ah".
Ntu 3 ntawm 6: Consonants hnyav
Kauj Ruam 1. Hais cov lus nrog cov ntawv hnyav
Tshaj tawm T hauv "lub luag haujlwm" raws li T: tsis zoo li Asmeskas D, doody, vim hais tias lub luag haujlwm tau hais tawm dewty lossis softer jooty. Tshaj tawm qhov xaus -kawg nrog lub zog G. Qhov no yuav zoo li -ing hloov chaw -een. Tab sis qee zaum luv rau hauv raws li hauv saib.
Lo lus tib neeg raug tshaj tawm hais tias hewman yog lossis yooman tau nyob hauv qee thaj chaw, txawm hais tias nws tseem tuaj yeem hais tau hewman bee-in
Ntu 4 ntawm 6: Tsab ntawv T
Kauj Ruam 1. Qee zaum, muab pov tseg T
Hauv qee qhov kev hais lus, suav nrog lub suab cockney, T tsis hais tawm hauv lo lus, thaum Asmeskas siv D hauv nws qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau yog ncua sijhawm luv lossis "hiccups" hloov chaw. Yog li "kev sib ntaus sib tua" tuaj yeem hais tawm ba-mob tab sis nws tsis tshua pom pom ib tus neeg tshaj tawm "Ba-mob", ntes huab cua tom qab tus nplaig thaum kawg ntawm thawj lub suab lus ua ntej exhaling nws ntawm lub suab lus thib ob. Qhov no paub tias yog qhov chaw nres tsheb. Cov neeg Amelikas siv cov lus tsis zoo rau lo lus xws li "mittens" thiab "roob." Nws tsuas yog tias cov neeg Askiv siv nws ntau dua.
Cov neeg nrog Estuary, RP, Scottish, Irish thiab Welsh cov lus pom pom nws tub nkeeg thiab tsis pom zoo tso tseg T, thiab qhov tshwj xeeb no tsis tuaj, tab sis yuav luag txhua qhov kev hais lus nws yog qhov zoo los ua qhov no hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib lo lus hauv cov ntsiab lus xws li thiab yog yuav luag thoob plaws ntiaj teb kom tso qhov glottal ncua ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lo lus
Ntu 5 ntawm 6: Kev hais tawm
Kauj Ruam 1. Nco ntsoov tias qee cov lus tau hais raws li lawv tau sau
Lo lus "tshuaj ntsuab" yuav tsum hais nrog lub suab H. Lo lus "tau" yog hais "taum", tsis yog "bin" lossis "ben". Txog RP, "Ntxiv" thiab "kev rov tsim dua tshiab" tau hais tawm zoo li "nce" thiab "khiav tsis zoo", nrog "ai" raws li "mob", tsis yog "hais." Cov lus xaus hauv "lub cev" tau hais raws li tau sau, zoo li "ib lub cev," tsis yog "ib tus phooj ywg." Tab sis siv Askiv luv O suab.
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshaj tawm tias H tsis yog ib txwm hais tawm
Tus "H" tau hais tawm hauv lo lus "tshuaj ntsuab," uas tsis zoo li Asmeskas Lus Askiv erb. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv feem ntau cov lus Askiv, H thaum pib ntawm lo lus feem ntau raug rho tawm, zoo li feem ntau ntawm Sab Qaum Teb thiab Cockney.
Kauj Ruam 3. Hais "taum," tsis yog "hauv" rau lawm
Rau cov neeg hais lus Amelikas, qhov no feem ntau hais tawm rau hauv. Hauv kev hais lus Askiv, tau yog qhov hais tawm ntau, tab sis "bin" feem ntau hnov hauv kev sib tham xws li thaum lo lus tsis raug hais tshwj xeeb.
Kauj Ruam 4. Nco ntsoov tias ob lossis ntau lub vowels ua ke yuav ua rau muaj cov cim ntxiv
Piv txwv li, lo lus "txoj kev" feem ntau hais tawm rohd, tab sis hauv Wales thiab los ntawm qee qhov hauv Northern Ireland nws tuaj yeem hais tau ro.ord. Qee tus neeg hais lus tseem yuav hais tias "reh-uud."
Ntu 6 ntawm 6: Mloog thiab Ua Raws Li
Kauj Ruam 1. Mloog lus "suab paj nruag"
Txhua lub suab thiab cov lus hais lus muaj lawv tus kheej cov nkauj. Ua tib zoo mloog lub suab thiab hais lus ntawm cov neeg hais lus Askiv. Sir Johnathan Ive yog tus piv txwv zoo, mloog nws lub suab ntawm Apple qhov kev nthuav tawm. Cov kab lus feem ntau xaus rau qhov siab dua, sib npaug lossis qis dua? Muaj pes tsawg lub suab sib txawv nyob thoob plaws cov kab lus zoo sib xws? Muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv tonality ntawm cov cheeb tsam. Kev hais lus Askiv, tshwj xeeb yog RP, feem ntau sib txawv ntau dua lossis tsawg dua hauv kab lus tshaj li lus Askiv Asmeskas, thiab cov qauv sib xws yog kom poob me ntsis mus rau qhov kawg ntawm kab lus. Txawm li cas los xij, Liverpool thiab sab qaum teb Askiv yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb!
Piv txwv li, tsis txhob hais tias, "nws puas mus rau tom khw?" Hais tias, "Puas yog nws mus tom khw?" Qhib lub suab ntawm lo lus nug, tsis nce nws (nce ntau dua hauv Asmeskas thiab Askiv Askiv)
Kauj Ruam 2. Kom cov neeg Askiv hais ib nqe uas paub:
"Yuav ua li cas tam sim no nyuj xim av" thiab "Los nag hauv Spain nyob qis qis feem ntau" thiab ua tib zoo mloog. Hloov lub qhov ncauj vowels hauv cov lus zoo li "hais txog" hauv London, feem ntau yog tiaj nyob hauv Northern Ireland.
Kauj Ruam 3. Raus koj tus kheej hauv Askiv kab lis kev cai; qhov no txhais tau tias nyob ib puag ncig koj tus kheej nrog cov tib neeg uas hais lus, nyob, taug kev thiab hais lus Askiv Askiv
Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws txoj hauv kev kom kawm tau lus Askiv sai. Tsis ntev koj yuav muaj peev xwm tham nrog kev hloov pauv zoo li saum toj no. Txhua yam nrog cov neeg hais lus Askiv tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig - sim mloog BBC (uas muab xov tooj cua pub dawb thiab tshaj tawm xov xwm hauv TV hauv web) nkauj nrog cov neeg hu nkauj Askiv, lossis ua yeeb yaj kiab nrog cov cim Askiv.
Lub tswv yim
- Ib yam li cov lus hais, saib xyuas cov lus hais lus zoo li menyuam yaus lossis tsis mloog lus rau cov tub thiab txiv neej, noog lossis lasses (nyob rau sab qaum teb Askiv thiab Scotland) rau poj niam. Loo yog rau chav dej, tab sis chav dej yog rau chav uas koj tuaj yeem ntxuav koj tus kheej.
- Raws li nrog ib tus hais lus, mloog thiab ua raws li cov neeg hais lus yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab nrawm tshaj plaws los kawm. Nco ntsoov tias thaum koj tseem yog menyuam yaus, koj tau kawm ib hom lus los ntawm kev mloog thiab rov hais dua cov lus thaum ua raws li lub suab.
- Nws yooj yim dua los kawm cov lus hais los ntawm kev mloog tib neeg. Kev hais lus Askiv zoo tuaj yeem hnov los ntawm BBC xov xwm uas tuaj yeem hnov ntau zaus. Kev sib tham hauv tebchaws Askiv tau zoo dua thiab ceev faj thiab hais tau zoo dua li Asmeskas, tab sis zoo li muaj cov xov xwm thauj tog rau nkoj nyob txhua qhov chaw, qhov cuam tshuam no yog txhob txwm tshaj tawm rau TV thiab xov tooj cua tshaj tawm.
- Thaum koj hais "tag nrho" hais nws zoo li "siab" tab sis nrog lus Askiv.
- RP tsis raug hu ua Poj huab tais Askiv vim tsis muaj laj thawj, hnov rau koj tus kheej li cas Huab tais poj huab tais Elizabeth II hais lus. Nws tau txais txiaj ntsig los hnov nws ntawm Lub Xeev Qhib ntawm Parliament thaum nws ib txwm hais lus ntev, yog lub sijhawm zoo los saib xyuas txoj kev nws tau hais.
- Tsis txhob kawm ntau dua ib lub suab ib zaug. Vim hais tias Estuarine Lus Askiv suab txawv ntawm "Geordie" lub suab, nws yooj yim kom tsis meej pem.
*Muaj ntau pua lub suab sib txawv hauv Tebchaws Askiv yog li cais lawv txhua tus raws li Askiv tsis raug; Txhua qhov chaw koj mus, koj yuav pom ntau yam tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev hais tawm.
- Muaj tswv yim. Muaj kev lom zem nrog lub suab no. Kawm paub txuj ci tshiab ces tshawb nrhiav. Kev xeem lus Askiv zoo ntawm koj cov phooj ywg! Lawv yuav qhia koj tias koj zoo lossis tsis zoo!
- Ntau qhov chaw muaj cov qauv sib txawv thiab siv cov lus. Nyeem online phau ntawv txhais lus Askiv rau lus Askiv ntau ntxiv. Nco ntsoov tias txawm hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pom ntawm kais/kais dej, txoj kev taug/kev taug kev, cov neeg hauv zej zog yuav pom koj qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev lom zem thiab qhov phem tshaj ntawm txhua qhov, txhawb koj yog tias koj sim ua raws li cov lus hauv zos thiab lawv tus kheej style.
- Yog tias koj tab tom mus ntsib UK, cov tsev kawm qib siab ntawm Oxford thiab Cambridge yog qee qhov kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib txwm RP thiab "Poj huab tais Askiv" hais lus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam kawm ntawv coob zuj zus tam sim no tham nrog cov lus hais los ntawm ib puag ncig UK thiab thoob ntiaj teb, thiab cov neeg ib txwm nyob hauv nroog thiab ib puag ncig tham nrog lawv tus kheej (feem ntau sib txawv heev) cov lus hauv zos. Tej zaum lawv yuav chim siab yog tias koj xav tias lawv hais lus nrog "kev hais lus Askiv zoo" Tsis txhob poob rau hauv cov cuab ntxiab ntawm kev xav ntawm Oxfordshire lossis Cambridgeshire cov lus zoo ib yam li RP cov lus.
- Hais dab tsi kom meej thiab hais tawm txhua lo lus kom raug, ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj qee qhov chaw ntawm koj cov lus.
- Ua kom tiav koj li kev hais lus Askiv siv tus qauv kev hais lus siv hauv tsev kawm ntawv thoob ntiaj teb 'Kawm paub lus Askiv zoo-FAST!' uas yog tam sim no muaj online.
- Mus ncig tebchaws mus rau Tebchaws Askiv thiab ua tib zoo mloog lawv txoj kev hais lus.
- Raws li menyuam yaus, pob ntseg lub peev xwm los ua haujlwm sib txawv ntau dua, tso cai rau koj kom paub qhov txawv thiab rov tsim dua cov suab ntawm cov lus ib puag ncig koj. Txhawm rau kawm cov lus hais tawm tshiab kom zoo, koj yuav tsum nthuav koj lub pob ntseg los ntawm kev mloog cov piv txwv ntawm cov lus hais ntau zaus.
- Thaum koj tau kawm cov txheej txheem thiab mloog cov neeg hais lus Askiv, sim nyeem cov kab lus thaum nyeem lawv cov lus. Qhov no yog kev lom zem thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo.
- Yog tias koj xav hnov ntau qhov hloov tshiab ntawm cov lus hais, saib ob peb ntu ntawm TV series ' Easter thiab Tsuas yog Fools thiab Nees '. Tib neeg tseem tham txog txoj hauv kev no, tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv zej zog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj London thiab ib feem ntawm Essex thiab Kent, txawm li cas los xij, ntau dua li cov neeg laus.
- Nco ntsoov: Cov cim ntawm Julie Andrews lossis Emma Watson (Hermione hauv Harry Potter), uas hais lus RP, txawv me ntsis ntawm Jamie Oliver thiab Simon Cowell (Estuary Lus Askiv -uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau sab qab teb Askiv, ntxhib ntawm Cockney thiab RP) lossis Billy Connolly (Glasgow).
- Ib txwm siv cov lus Askiv Askiv yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv nrog Asmeskas Askiv. Cov neeg Askiv zoo li yuav tiv thaiv ntau qhov sib txawv. Tshwj xeeb, siv "khib nyiab" thiab "kais", tsis yog "thoob khib nyiab" thiab "kais dej". Tsis tas li ntawd, hais tias "sijhawm" nrog "sh_", tsis yog "sk_" zoo (tab sis tsis tas yuav), tab sis koj yuav tsum kawm kom paub "tshwj xeeb" nrog 5 lub suab lus tsis yog peb vim nws tau hais txawv hauv lus Askiv (spe-ci- al -ib -ty).
- Thaum koj nthuav koj cov txuj ci kev mloog, kev hais lus tsis siv neeg. Thaum pob ntseg tuaj yeem "hnov" suab, lub qhov ncauj muaj lub sijhawm zoo los tsim nws.
- Lwm txoj hauv kev los xyaum lus Askiv, Welsh, Scottish lossis Irish hais lus yog saib thiab ua raws cov xov xwm thauj tog rau nkoj ntawm ib qho xov xwm Askiv thiab rov ua qhov lawv hais. Saib ib nrab teev hauv ib hnub yuav txhim kho kev hais lus hauv ob peb lub lis piam.
- Yog tias koj muaj neeg paub lus Askiv, thov kom lawv hais cov kab lus rau koj, yog li koj tuaj yeem mloog thiab sim kawm.
- Xav txog koj cov neeg tuaj saib. Yog tias koj yuav dag tib neeg kom xav tias koj yog neeg Askiv, koj yuav tsum xav txog thaj chaw, thiab ua haujlwm hnyav dua li yog tias koj xav kom tau txais cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg rau kev ua si hauv tsev kawm.
- Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov lub suab Cockney (sab hnub tuaj kawg ntawm London). Cov suab lus no tau dhau los ua qhov txawv txav hauv lub xyoo pua 21st, tab sis yog tias koj xav ua raws li lawv, nco ntsoov tias lawv yuav luag hu lo lus thiab lawv yuav luag hloov vowels thiab tshem cov tsiaj ntawv, piv txwv li a hauv "hloov" yuav ua rau suab "i." Cov yeeb yaj kiab raws Dickens cov phau ntawv thiab xws li "Kuv Tus Poj Niam Ncaj Ncees" tej zaum yuav muaj cov piv txwv ntawm qhov hais txog qhov no.
- Muaj ntau tus neeg hais lus Askiv xws li London, Cornwall, "Poj huab tais Askiv", Yorkshire, Birmingham thiab South Bromwich, thiab Lancashire.
- Qee zaum koj tuaj yeem tso lo lus kawg. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav hais tias "lub qhov rooj yuav tsis kaw" koj yuav hais "lub qhov rooj yuav tsis shu-" nws yuav zoo li koj tau ua tiav kab lus.
- Tsis txhob yog neeg Askiv. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau qee tus neeg uas paub koj lub hauv paus tiag.
Ceeb toom
- Tsis txhob ntseeg siab tias koj hais lus Askiv zoo. Nws yog qhov tsawg heev los nrhiav qhov ua piv txwv uas ua rau lub pob ntseg ntawm cov neeg ib txwm nyob.
- Tsis txhob xav tias koj yuav kawm sai sai. Muaj feem yuav yog tus neeg Askiv zoo yuav pom tam sim ntawd tias koj tab tom dag nws, tab sis nws yuav zoo li yog lub suab tiag tiag rau tus neeg tsis paub lus Askiv.
