Stenography (stenography) yog cov txheej txheem rau kev sau sai sai ntawm tes, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev hais lus. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev sau nrawm tau nyob ib puag ncig yuav luag ntev txij li kev tsim kev sau nws tus kheej. Cov kab lis kev cai qub ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws, Greece, Rome, thiab Tuam Tshoj txhua tus muaj lwm txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau lawv tus qauv sau ntawv. Niaj hnub no, kev muaj peev xwm siv kev sau nrawm tseem yog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb rau cov uas ua haujlwm hauv kev sau xov xwm, kev lag luam, thiab kev tswj hwm. Kev kawm kom muaj kev sau ntawv nrawm siv sijhawm thiab sijhawm, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua tiav!
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Xaiv Qhov Txheej Txheem Ceev
Kauj Ruam 1. Xav txog qhov txiav txim siab ua ntej xaiv txoj hauv kev
Muaj ntau lub tshuab sau nrawm, thiab lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg. Koj yuav tsum xav txog ob peb yam sib txawv:
- Koj yuav siv sij hawm ntau npaum li cas los kawm qhov system?
- Koj xav kom koj txawj sau ntawv nrawm npaum li cas?
- Puas muaj tus txheej txheem sau ntawv nrawm rau koj txoj haujlwm?
Kauj Ruam 2. Xaiv Gregg Pre-Anniversary, Gregg Anniversary, lossis New Era Pitman system kom nrawm tshaj plaws
Gregg thiab Pitman cov kab ke tau yog cov txheej txheem sib tw tseem ceeb ntawm kev sau ntawv nrawm rau lus Askiv txij li xyoo pua puas xyoo, thiab ob qho tib si kuj tau hloov pauv mus rau ntau yam lus.
- Gregg system tau tsim los ntawm John Robert Gregg hauv xyoo 1888 thiab txij li tau dhau los ntau qhov kev hloov kho. Gregg Pre-Anniversary thiab Anniversary systems tau kos rau cov kab ke uas tau hais tseg hauv xyoo 1916 thiab 1929, feem. Cov cim kom nco tau muaj ntau, tab sis qhov zoo dua yog muaj peev xwm sau tau ntau dua ob puas lo lus ib feeb.
- Pitman system tau tsim los ntawm Sir Isaac Pitman hauv xyoo 1837. New Era Pitman system, uas yog hnub rov qab los rau xyoo 1922 thiab yog qhov ua tau zoo dua qub ntawm cov txheej txheem qub, yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim tab sis kuj tso cai rau koj sau ntau dua ob puas lo lus. ib feeb twg Txij li cov ntawv tuab thiab nyias sawv cev rau ntau lub suab sib txawv, koj yuav xav tau tus cwj mem nrog cov taub hlau los sau. Tsis tas li, koj xav tau cov ntawv kab, vim kab ntawv kuj yog ib feem ntawm cov kab ke.
Kauj Ruam 3. Sim Gregg Simplified system yog tias koj xav tau cov txheej txheem sau ntawv nrawm nrog tus lej kawm tsawg
Nrog Gregg Cov Qauv yooj yim, koj tseem tuaj yeem sau ob puas lo lus ib feeb twg. Cov ntawv no, qhia los ntawm McGraw-Hill lub tuam txhab xyoo 1949, yog thawj qhov kev sau nrawm npaj rau kev lag luam ntau dua li kev siv tsev hais plaub. Muaj tsawg dua cov cim kom nco qab dua li Gregg Hnub Ua Haujlwm.
Kauj Ruam 4. Kawm txog Gregg Pob Zeb Diamond Jubilee lossis Pitman 2000 qhov system yog tias koj muaj sijhawm tsawg
Nrog cov txheej txheem no, koj tseem tuaj yeem sau txog 160 lo lus ib feeb, tab sis nws yuav siv sijhawm tsawg dua.
Kauj Ruam 5. Siv cov txheej txheem ntawv yog tias koj xav tau txoj kev kawm sai thiab yooj yim
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv yog ua raws cov tsiaj ntawv, tsis zoo li lub cim cim uas siv ntau kab, kab nkhaus thiab lub voj voos los sawv cev rau lub suab. Qhov no ua rau cov tsiaj ntawv yooj yim kawm, txawm hais tias koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev sau ntawv zoo ib yam. Tab sis tus kws sau ntawv zoo tuaj yeem sau txog 120 lo lus ib feeb.
Peb qhov piv txwv ntawm cov kab ke no yog Kev Sau Npe, AlphaHand, thiab Keyscript
Kauj Ruam 6. Xaiv Teeline Shorthand yog tias koj yog neeg sau xov xwm
Teeline yog cov kab ke sib xyaw raws qhov loj ntawm cov duab ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv. Cov kab ke no yog qhov xav tau sau sai tshaj ntawm UK National Council for the Training of Journalists thiab tau qhia nyob rau ntawm chav haujlwm sau xov xwm nyob ntawd.
Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Sau Cov Ntaub Ntawv ntawm Kev Sau Npe sai
Kauj Ruam 1. Mus ntsib koj lub tsev qiv ntawv hauv zos lossis lub khw muag ntawv rau cov phau ntawv yuav ua li cas kawm paub sau nrawm
Xwb, koj tuaj yeem xaj phau ntawv ntawm kev sau nrawm ntawm Is Taws Nem.
- Ntau phau ntawv ntawm kev sau nrawm yog tej zaum tsis tawm. Qhov no yog vim li cas cov tsev qiv ntawv, siv cov khw muag khoom, lossis cov khw muag online yuav tuaj yeem muab cov ntawv xaiv dav dua.
- Ntau phau ntawv ntawm kev sau nrawm yog nyob rau hauv zej tsoom thiab muaj rau rub tawm dawb hauv Is Taws Nem.
Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav kev pab kawm qub
Yog tias koj xav kawm sau nrawm, cov ntawv pab tshawb fawb no tau tsim los rau koj. Cov no suav nrog kaw lossis kaw cov kab xev uas muaj cov lus hais, sau ntawv, ntsuas tus kheej, thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv.
Nco ntsoov tias cov kev pab tshawb fawb no yuav xav tau cov cuab yeej los mloog lub suab los ntawm kab xev
Kauj Ruam 3. Tau txais phau ntawv txhais lus nrawm rau koj li kab ke
Cov ntawv luam tawm no tuaj yeem qhia pom tias cov lus sib txawv li cas sau ua luv luv.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua kom zoo dua ntawm ntau qhov peev txheej sau ceev muaj nyob hauv Is Taws Nem
Qhov no suav nrog kev qhia qhia, kev hais kom ua, thiab sau ua piv txwv sai.
Kauj Ruam 5. Kawm cov ntawv sau nrawm
Cov kev kawm no tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv Is Taws Nem lossis sib tham tim ntsej tim muag.
Nco ntsoov tias koj nkag siab qhov ntev ntawm chav kawm thiab koj muaj sijhawm txaus hauv koj lub sijhawm los kawm chav kawm
Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Xyaum Sau Kom Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Pib nrog qhov kwv yees tiag tiag
Kev thov uas koj tuaj yeem kawm sau nrawm hauv ob peb teev yuav tsum tsis txhob ntseeg. Lub sijhawm koj xav tau yuav nyob ntawm seb koj nquag xyaum ntau npaum li cas, qhov nyuaj ntawm lub kaw lus, thiab qhov koj xav tau sau nrawm. Nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm txog ib xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav los ua tus tswv zoo rau kev sau nrawm.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua ntej tshaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj
Koj yuav tsum tau ua tiav txoj hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim cov lus ua ntej. Kev nce qib ntawm kev sau ntawv yuav ua tiav tom qab paub nws.
Kauj Ruam 3. Xyaum ua txhua hnub
Sim xyaum ua yam tsawg li 45 feeb mus rau ib teev, yog tias ua tau. Tab sis nco ntsoov, tias txhua txhua hnub, txawm tias nws yog ntu kev tawm dag zog luv luv, nws zoo dua li ib lossis ob qhov kev cob qhia ntev txhua lub lim tiam.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua maj mam
Pib nrog cov tsiaj ntawv, sau txhua kab ntawm daim ntawv me me ntawm cov ntawv sau nrog ib tsab ntawv. Tom ntej no, txhim kho los ntawm kev sau cov lus, los ntawm kev ua ib yam. Thaum koj npaj txhij, nce qib ntxiv los ntawm kev sau cov lus sib tham.
Hais cov lus nrov nrov thaum koj sau lawv pab koj lub paj hlwb ua kev sib txuas ntawm cov suab lus thiab cim
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua kom nrawm dua nrog cov lus hais ua haujlwm
Kev hais kom ua nrawm muaj ntau qhov sib txawv sib txawv (cov lus hauv ib feeb), yog li koj tuaj yeem xyaum ua kom nrawm dua.
- Xyaum ua txhua qhov nrawm (30, 40, 50, 60, thiab lwm yam) kom txog thaum koj xis nyob, tom qab ntawd ua koj txoj hauv kev.
- Yog tias koj xav xyaum ntau li sai tau, tso cov kab lus kaw tseg rau hauv koj lub MP3 player thiab xyaum thaum koj muaj ob peb feeb los tseg.
Lub tswv yim
- Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los sau cov ntawv sau hauv kev sau sai li sai tau thaum lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv luv tseem tuaj yeem nco tau.
- Tau txais daim ntawv pheej yig, zoo li koj yuav siv nws ntau. Tab sis xyuas kom tseeb tias daim ntawv du, yog li nws tsis ntsws thiab cuam tshuam rau kev sau ntawv.
- Lwm cov txheej txheem sau ntawv uas siv cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv kuj tseem tau tsim los pab nrog kev sau ntawv sai dua yam tsis muaj kev thim kev nyeem tau zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem sau ntawv nrawm. Qhov kev sau ntawv no feem ntau sib txawv los ntawm kev sau nrawm, hauv qhov nws tsis xav tau kev kawm cov cim tshiab, thiab los ntawm kev siv lub kaw lus luv ntawm cov lus.
