Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

Cov txheej txheem:

Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)
Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

Video: Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

Video: Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)
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Hauv kev lag luam, cov txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb lossis MW yog ib txoj hauv kev ntsuas qib ntawm tus nqi lossis cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab thaum siv qee yam. Feem ntau, MW yog sib npaug rau qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob faib los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv. Ib txoj hauv kev ib txwm saib qhov no yog MW yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig uas ib tus neeg tau txais rau txhua chav ntxiv ntawm kev noj qab nyob zoo.

Kauj ruam

Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Siv Qhov Sib Txawv Marginal Utility

Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 1
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 1

Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv nyiaj txiag

Kev siv hluav taws xob yog "tus nqi" lossis "kev txaus siab" uas cov neeg siv khoom tau txais los ntawm kev siv ntau yam khoom. Hauv lwm lo lus, nqi hluav taws xob yog cov neeg siv nyiaj ntau npaum li cas txaus siab siv kom tau txais kev txaus siab los ntawm kev siv cov khoom.

Piv txwv li, xav tias koj tshaib plab thiab yuav ntses rau noj hmo. Piv txwv tias ib tus ntses muaj nuj nqis ntawm Rp. 26,950, -. Yog tias koj tshaib plab heev uas koj txaus siab them Rp. 107.800, - rau cov ntses, ces cov ntses tau hais kom muaj txiaj ntsig Rp. 107.800, -. Hauv lwm lo lus, koj txaus siab them IDR 107,800, - kom tau txais kev txaus siab los ntawm cov ntses, tsis hais tus nqi qub yog dab tsi

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 2
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 2

Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav tus nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho ntawm kev siv qee yam khoom

Tus nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho yog lub tswv yim siv hluav taws xob uas tau siv rau ntau dua ib yam khoom. Yog tias siv ib qho zoo tuaj yeem ua rau koj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob, tom qab ntawd siv ntau dua ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tib yam yuav ua rau koj siab dua, qis dua, lossis tib qib kev txaus siab.

  • Piv txwv li, koj npaj yuav noj ob tug ntses. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab noj thawj zaug, koj tsis tshaib plab zoo li yav dhau los. Tam sim no, koj tsuas yog kam them IDR 80,850, - rau qhov kev txaus siab ntxiv uas koj tau txais los ntawm ntses thib ob. Tom qab lub plab puv, nws hloov tawm tias tus nqi ntawm cov ntses txo. Qhov no txhais tau tias, thaum ob tus ntses sib koom ua ke, lawv muab "tus nqi hluav taws xob" tus nqi IDR 80,850, - + IDR 107,800, - (thawj ntses) = IDR 188,650, -
  • Nws tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias tus ntses thib ob tau yuav. UM tsuas yog saib xyuas qhov koj txaus siab them. Hauv kev muaj tiag, cov kws xam nyiaj txiag siv cov qauv ua lej nyuaj los kwv yees seb cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab them nyiaj dab tsi.
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 3
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 3

Kauj Ruam 3. Tau txais tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob ntawm kev siv cov khoom sib txawv

Txhawm rau kom tau txais UM tus nqi, koj xav tau ob qho kev ntsuas sib txawv ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho. Siv qhov sib txawv los ua UM cov lus teb.

  • Cia peb hais tias hauv qhov piv txwv ntawm Theem 2 qhov xwm txheej, koj txiav txim siab tias koj lub plab zoo li tshaib plab txaus los noj plaub ntses. Tab sis pom tseeb, tom qab noj ntses thib ob, lub plab xav tias me ntsis puv, yog li koj tsuas xav them ib puag ncig Rp. 40,425, - rau cov ntses tom ntej. Tom qab tus ntses thib peb, lub plab xav tias yuav luag tag, yog li koj tsuas xav them Rp. 13,475, - rau ntses zaum kawg.
  • Qhov txaus siab tau los ntawm cov ntses no yuav luag txiav los ntawm lub plab tag nrho. Nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias plaub tus ntses saum toj no muab tus nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho ntawm IDR 107,800, - + IDR 80,850, - + IDR 40,425, - + IDR 13,475, - = IDR 242,550, -
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 4
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 4

Kauj Ruam 4. Xam tus nqi ME

Faib qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho los ntawm qhov sib txawv hauv cov chav. Cov lus teb yog cov txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb, lossis tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm txhua chav ntxiv uas tau siv. Hauv qhov piv txwv no, koj xam UM raws li hauv qab no:

  • Rp242,550 - Rp188,650 (piv txwv los ntawm Phase 2) = Rp53,900, -
  • 4 (ntses) - 2 (ntses) = 2
  • Rp53,900/2 = Rp26,950, -
  • Qhov no txhais tau tias, nruab nrab ntawm tus ntses thib ob thiab thib plaub, txhua tus ntses ntxiv tsuas muaj tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm Rp26,950, rau koj. Qhov no yog tus nqi nruab nrab; ntses thib peb yog tus nqi Rp. 40,425, - thiab plaub yog tsuas yog Rp. 13,475, -, tau kawg.

Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Xam UM rau Chav Ntxiv

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 5
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 5

Kauj Ruam 1. Siv qhov sib npaug los nrhiav tus nqi ME rau txhua chav ntxiv

Hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no, peb pom tus "nruab nrab" MW tus nqi rau qee yam ntawm cov khoom siv. Nov yog txoj hauv kev zoo los siv UM. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau siv ntau zaus ntau dua ntawm cov khoom siv ib leeg. Qhov no muab peb tus nqi UM tseeb rau txhua qhov khoom ntxiv (tsis yog tus nqi nruab nrab).

  • Yuav nrhiav qhov no yooj yim dua li hlawv saum toj no. Tsuas yog siv qhov sib npaug ib txwm txhawm rau nrhiav MW thaum qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom noj tau zoo yog "ib qho".
  • Hauv qhov ua piv txwv saum toj no, koj twb paub UM tus nqi rau txhua chav tsev. Thaum koj tsis muaj ntses txhua, tus nqi ME rau thawj tus ntses yog IDR 107,800, - (IDR 107,800, - tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob - IDR 0 tus nqi ua ntej/hloov ntawm 1 chav tsev), ME tus nqi rau ntses thib ob yog IDR 80,850 (IDR 188,650)., - tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob - Rp107,800, - muaj ua ntej/hloov ntawm 1 chav nyob), thiab ntxiv rau.
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 6
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 6

Kauj Ruam 2. Siv qhov kev ua zauv no los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau koj

Hauv kev xav txog nyiaj txiag, cov neeg siv khoom txiav txim siab yuav siv lawv cov nyiaj li cas kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov neeg siv khoom xav tau kom txaus siab ntau li ntau tau los ntawm cov nyiaj siv. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov neeg siv khoom zoo li yuav cov khoom lag luam lossis cov khoom lag luam kom txog thaum tus nqi qis ntawm kev yuav ib qho zoo dua los ua tus nqi qis (tus nqi yuav ib chav ntxiv ntawm qhov zoo).

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 7
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 7

Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas tus nqi hluav taws xob uas ploj lawm

Cia peb saib qhov xwm txheej piv txwv saum toj no ib zaug ntxiv. Ua ntej peb hais tias txhua tus ntses muaj nqis Rp.26,950, -. Tom qab ntawd peb txiav txim siab tias thawj tus ntses tau them nyiaj tsawg kawg ntawm Rp. 107,800, -, tus ntses thib ob muaj nqis Rp. 80,850, -, tus thib peb muaj nqis Rp. 40,425, -thiab tus ntses thib plaub muaj nqis Rp. 13,475, -.

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, thaum kawg koj yuav tsis yuav ntses thib plaub. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb (Rp 13,475, -) tsawg dua li tus nqi qis (Rp 26,950, -). Yeej, koj poob qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev sib pauv no, yog li nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau koj.)

Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Siv Cov Lus Txhais Marginal

Piv Piv Txwv: Tus Naj Npawb Daim Npav Mus Ua Yeeb Yam Festivals

Daim pib yuav Total Utility Marginal Utility
1 10 10
2 18 8
3 24 6
4 28 4
5 30 2
6 30 0
7 28 -2
8 18 -10
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 8
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 8

Kauj Ruam 1. Muab cov kab ntawv kom muaj nuj nqis, tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo

Feem ntau UM lub rooj muaj tsawg kawg peb ntawm kab ntawv no. Qee zaum yuav muaj ntau dua, tab sis peb kab lus no qhia cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Feem ntau, nws tau tsim thiab nyeem ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis.

Nco ntsoov tias kab ntawv kab ntawv yuav tsis zoo ib yam nkaus. Piv txwv li, kab ntawv "Quantity" tuaj yeem sau lo lus "Cov Khoom Yuav," "Cov Khoom Yuav," lossis qee yam zoo sib xws. Qhov teeb meem yog cov ntaub ntawv hauv kab ntawv

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 9
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 9

Kauj Ruam 2. Pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov rov qab poob qis

ME "classic" ME rooj feem ntau siv los ua pov thawj tias raws li cov neeg siv khoom yuav khoom ntau thiab ntau dua ntawm ib yam khoom, kev xav yuav ntau dua. Hauv lwm lo lus, tom qab qee qhov taw tes, tus nqi hluav taws xob tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov khoom ntxiv yuav yuav pib poob. Thaum kawg, tus neeg siv khoom yuav pib tsis txaus siab ntau dua li ua ntej yuav cov khoom ntawd.

Hauv cov lus piv txwv saum toj no, qhov kev nqis qis qis hauv cov qoob loo pib yuav luag tam sim. Tus nqi pib daim pib nkag mus rau Kev Ua Yeeb Yaj Kiab muab ntau yam txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb, tab sis txhua daim pib ntxiv tom qab thawj zaug muab tus nqi qis. Tom qab rau daim pib, txhua daim pib ntxiv muaj tus nqi UM tsis zoo, thiab qhov no txo qis kev txaus siab tag nrho. Qhov kev piav qhia rau qhov no yuav yog tias tom qab rau mus ntsib, cov neeg siv khoom pib poob siab saib cov yeeb yaj kiab ib zaug thiab ntau dua

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 10
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 10

Kauj Ruam 3. Teeb Tus Nqi Siab Tshaj Plaws

Nov yog lub ntsiab lus uas tus nqi qis tshaj li tus nqi UM. Lub rooj siv hluav taws xob tsis txaus ua rau nws yooj yim twv seb pes tsawg chav nyob ntawm qhov zoo uas tus neeg siv khoom yuav yuav. Raws li kev ceeb toom, cov neeg siv khoom siv txuas ntxiv mus yuav cov khoom lag luam kom txog thaum tus nqi qis (tus nqi yuav ib chav ntxiv ntawm qhov zoo ib yam) ntau dua li tus nqi MW. Yog tias koj paub ntau npaum li cas cov khoom raug tshuaj xyuas hauv lub rooj, tom qab ntawd lub ntsiab lus uas nws cov peev txheej tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws yog kab kawg, thaum UM muaj nqis ntau dua li tus nqi qis.

  • Cia peb hais tias txhua daim pib hauv cov lus piv txwv saum toj no tus nqi IDR 40,425, -. Hauv qhov no, kev siv hluav taws xob tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thaum tus neeg siv khoom them rau 4 daim pib. Daim pib tom ntej tom qab qhov no muaj tus nqi UM ntawm Rp. 26,950, -, uas txhais tau tias nws qis dua tus nqi qis ntawm Rp. 40,425, -.
  • Thov nco ntsoov tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tas yuav loj tshaj thaum UM tus nqi pib dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo. Cov khoom lag luam yuav tseem yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom yam tsis muaj "tus nqi". Piv txwv li, daim pib thib tsib hauv cov qauv piv txwv saum toj no tseem muab nyiaj qis kawg ntawm Rp 26,950, -. Qhov no tsis yog tus nqi UM tsis zoo, tab sis nws tseem txo tus nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho vim tias nws tsis tsim nyog tus nqi.
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 11
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 11

Kauj Ruam 4. Siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov piv txwv saum toj no los nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv

Thaum koj tau txais peb "cov tub ntxhais" kab lus saum toj no, nws yooj yim kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus qauv xwm txheej lub rooj tau tshuaj xyuas. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb yog tias koj siv daim ntawv nthuav qhia zoo li Microsoft Excel uas muaj peev xwm ua lej rau koj. Ob hom ntaub ntawv hauv qab no tuaj yeem nkag mus rau kab ntawv ntxiv ntawm sab xis, tom qab peb kab tseem ceeb:

  • Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Nruab Nrab: Tus nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho hauv txhua kab faib los ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom yuav.
  • Cov Khoom Siv Tau Txais: Tus nqi hluav taws xob tsis txaus hauv txhua kab tshem tawm tus nqi qis ntawm cov khoom. Nws sawv cev "txiaj ntsig" hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob uas cov neeg siv khoom tau txais los ntawm kev yuav khoom txhua yam khoom. Kuj hu ua "kev tshaj nyiaj txiag"

Lub tswv yim

  • Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias qhov xwm txheej hauv qhov piv txwv yog tus qauv lossis qhov xwm txheej zoo. Ntawd yog, qhov xwm txheej no sawv cev piv txwv tus neeg siv khoom (tsis yog tiag). Yog tias muaj tiag, tus neeg siv tus cwj pwm tsis yog qhov tseeb. Tej zaum lawv yuav tsis yuav ntau yam khoom raws li xav tau los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Tus qauv kev lag luam zoo yog cov cuab yeej zoo rau kwv yees tus neeg siv khoom tus yam ntxwv, tab sis feem ntau nws tsis "haum" raws qhov tseeb.
  • Yog tias koj ntxiv kab ntawv "cov neeg siv khoom seem" rau koj lub rooj (raws li tau tham los saum no), lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws yuav nyob rau qhov kawg ntawm kab, ua ntej tus nqi ntawm cov neeg siv khoom seem thaum kawg dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo.

Pom zoo: