Molarity piav qhia kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov moles ntawm solute thiab ntim ntawm cov tshuaj. Txhawm rau xam molarity, koj tuaj yeem pib nrog moles thiab ntim, qhov hnyav thiab ntim, lossis moles thiab milliliters. Plugging qhov sib txawv no rau hauv cov lej yooj yim rau kev suav molarity, yuav muab cov lus teb rau koj.
Kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 4: Xam Molarity nrog Moles thiab Ntim
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub cov mis yooj yim rau xam molarity
Molarity yog tus naj npawb ntawm moles ntawm solute faib los ntawm qhov ntim ntawm kev daws hauv litres. Yog li, nws tau sau raws li: molarity = moles ntawm kev daws / liter ntawm kev daws
Piv txwv qhov teeb meem: Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj 0.75 moles ntawm NaCl hauv 4.2 litres?
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshawb xyuas qhov teeb meem
Nrhiav molarity xav kom koj paub tus naj npawb ntawm moles thiab tus naj npawb ntawm litres. Yog tias ob leeg paub txog qhov teeb meem no, koj tsis xav tau lwm qhov kev suav.
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Teeb meem piv txwv:
- Moles = 0.75 moles ntawm NaCl
- Ntim = 4.2 L
Kauj Ruam 3. Faib tus naj npawb ntawm moles los ntawm tus lej
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev faib tawm yog tus naj npawb ntawm moles ib liter ntawm kev daws, uas hu ua molarity.
Piv txwv teeb meem: molarity = moles ntawm solute / litre ntawm kev daws = 0.75 mol / 4.2 L = 0.17857142
Kauj Ruam 4. Sau koj cov lus teb
Hloov cov lej ntawm ob lossis peb tus lej tom qab tus lej, nyob ntawm koj tus kws qhia ntawv thov. Thaum koj sau cov lus teb, sau luv molarity nrog M thiab sau cov tshuaj luv ntawm cov tshuaj siv.
Teeb meem piv txwv: 0.179 M NaCl
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 4: Xam Molarity siv Pawg thiab Ntim
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub cov mis yooj yim rau xam molarity
Molarity qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm moles ntawm solute ib liter ntawm kev daws, lossis ntim ntawm cov tshuaj ntawd. Hauv cov mis, molarity tau sau ua: molarity = moles ntawm solute / liter ntawm kev daws
Piv txwv qhov teeb meem: Dab tsi yog qhov molarity ntawm cov tshuaj tsim los ntawm kev yaj 3.4 g ntawm KMnO4 hauv 5,2 liv dej?
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshawb xyuas qhov teeb meem
Nrhiav molarity xav kom koj paub tus naj npawb ntawm moles thiab tus naj npawb ntawm litres. Yog tias koj tsis paub tus naj npawb ntawm moles, tab sis paub qhov ntim thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj, koj yuav tsum siv ob yam no los xam tus naj npawb ntawm cov moles ua ntej txuas ntxiv.
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Teeb meem piv txwv:
- Mass = 3.4 g KMnO4
- Ntim = 5,2 L
Kauj Ruam 3. Nrhiav qhov hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj
Txhawm rau xam tus naj npawb ntawm moles lossis hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj siv, koj yuav tsum xub txiav txim siab qhov hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov molar loj ntawm txhua lub caij tam sim no hauv cov tshuaj. Nrhiav qhov hnyav qhov hnyav ntawm txhua lub caij uas siv cov lus sib tham ntawm cov ntsiab lus.
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Teeb meem piv txwv:
- Molar pawg K = 39.1 g
- Molar pawg Mn = 54.9 g
- Molar pawg O = 16.0 g
- Qhov hnyav tag nrho = K + Mn + O + O + O + O = 39, 1 + 54, 9 + 16 + 16 + 16 + 16 + 16 = 158.0 g
Kauj Ruam 4. Hloov cov gram mus rau moles
Tam sim no koj muaj qhov hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj, koj yuav tsum muab tus lej sib xyaw hauv cov tshuaj los ntawm qhov hloov pauv ntawm 1 rau qhov hnyav (hnyav hnyav) ntawm cov tshuaj. Qhov no yuav muab rau koj tus lej ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev daws rau qhov sib npaug no.
Piv txwv teeb meem: grams yaj * (1 / molar mass yaj) = 3.4 g * (1 mol / 158 g) = 0.0215 mol
Kauj Ruam 5. Faib tus naj npawb ntawm moles los ntawm tus lej
Txij li thaum koj twb muaj tus naj npawb ntawm moles, koj tuaj yeem faib nws los ntawm tus lej ntawm cov tshuaj daws kom pom cov molarity.
Piv txwv teeb meem: molarity = moles ntawm solute / litre ntawm kev daws = 0.0215 mol / 5, 2 L = 0.004134615
Kauj Ruam 6. Sau koj cov lus teb
Koj yuav tsum suav koj tus lej ob peb tus lej tom qab tus lej cim, raws li koj tus kws qhia ntawv nug. Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum tau muab ob lossis peb qhov chaw tom qab tus lej cim. Tsis tas li, thaum koj sau cov lus teb, ua kom luv qhov molarity rau M thiab sau cov tshuaj siv.
Teeb meem piv txwv: 0.004 M KO NPO4
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 4: Xam Molarity nrog Moles thiab milliliters
Kauj Ruam 1. Paub cov mis yooj yim rau xam molarity
Txhawm rau nrhiav molarity, koj yuav tsum xam tus naj npawb ntawm moles ntawm kev daws rau ib liter ntawm kev daws. Tsis tuaj yeem siv milliliters. Cov mis dav siv los nrhiav molarity tuaj yeem sau tau: molarity = moles ntawm solute / liter ntawm kev daws
Piv txwv teeb meem: Dab tsi yog qhov molarity ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj 1.2 moles ntawm CaCl2 hauv 2905 ml?
Kauj Ruam 2. Tshawb xyuas qhov teeb meem
Xam molarity xav kom koj paub tus naj npawb ntawm moles thiab tus lej. Yog tias koj paub qhov ntim hauv milliliters tsis yog litres, koj yuav tsum hloov pauv ntim mus rau litres ua ntej txuas ntxiv mus xam.
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Teeb meem piv txwv:
- Moles = 1.2 moles ntawm CaCl2
- Ntim = 2905 ml
Kauj Ruam 3. Hloov milliliters mus rau litres
Nrhiav tus naj npawb ntawm cov litres los ntawm kev faib tus naj npawb ntawm milliliters los ntawm 1000, vim tias muaj 1000 milliliters rau txhua 1 liter. Nco ntsoov tias koj tseem tuaj yeem txav tus lej cim zauv mus rau peb sab laug.
Piv txwv teeb meem: 2905 ml * (1 L / 1000 ml) = 2,905 L
Kauj Ruam 4. Faib tus naj npawb ntawm moles los ntawm tus lej
Txij li thaum koj twb paub tus lej, koj tuaj yeem faib tus naj npawb ntawm cov kuab tshuaj los ntawm tus lej los nrhiav cov molarity ntawm cov tshuaj.
Piv txwv teeb meem: molarity = moles ntawm solute / litre ntawm kev daws = 1.2 moles ntawm CaCl2 / 2.905 L = 0.413080895
Kauj Ruam 5. Sau koj cov lus teb
Hloov tus lej ob peb tus lej tom qab tus lej cim raws li koj tus kws qhia (feem ntau yog ob lossis peb tus lej tom qab tus lej) Thaum sau cov lus teb, koj yuav tsum sau cov ntawv luv rau molarity nrog M, thiab sau qhov kev daws teeb meem.
Teeb meem piv txwv: 0.413 M CaCl2
Txoj Kev 4 ntawm 4: Teeb Meem Ntxiv
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav cov molarity ntawm cov tshuaj tsim los ntawm kev yaj 5.2 g ntawm NaCl hauv 800 ml dej
Txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig tau muab hauv qhov teeb meem: qhov hnyav hauv grams thiab ntim hauv milliliters.
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- Pawg = 5.2 g NaCl
- Ntim = 800 ml dej
Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav qhov hnyav ntawm NaCl
Ua qhov no los ntawm kev ntxiv cov molar loj ntawm sodium, Na, thiab molar loj ntawm chlorine, Cl.
- Molar pawg Na = 22.99 g
- Molar pawg Cl = 35.45 g
- Molar pawg ntawm NaCl = 22.99 + 35.45 = 58.44 g
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab cov hmoov sib tov sib xyaw los ntawm cov molar mass hloov pauv
Hauv qhov piv txwv no, qhov hnyav ntawm NaCl yog 58.44 g, yog li qhov hloov pauv tau yog 1 mol / 58.44 g.
Moles ntawm NaCl = 5.2 g NaCl * (1 mol / 58.44 g) = 0.08898 mol = 0.09 mol
Kauj Ruam 4. Faib 8000 ml dej los ntawm 1000
Txij li muaj 1000 milliliters ib liter, koj yuav tsum faib tus naj npawb ntawm milliliters hauv qhov teeb meem no los ntawm 1000 kom pom cov lej.
- Koj tseem tuaj yeem muab 8000 ml los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm 1 L / 1000 ml.
- Txhawm rau ua kom cov txheej txheem luv, koj tuaj yeem txav tus lej zauv mus rau peb sab laug, tsis tas yuav muab sib faib lossis faib ib yam dab tsi.
- Ntim = 800 ml * (1 L / 1000 ml) = 800 ml / 1000 ml = 0.8 L
Kauj Ruam 5. Faib tus naj npawb ntawm moles ntawm kev daws los ntawm tus lej ntawm cov tshuaj daws
Txhawm rau nrhiav molarity, koj yuav tsum faib 0.09, tus naj npawb ntawm moles ntawm yaj NaCl, los ntawm 0.8 L, qhov ntim ntawm cov tshuaj hauv litres.
molarity = moles ntawm solute / litre ntawm kev daws = 0.09 mol / 0.8 L = 0.1125 mol / L
Kauj Ruam 6. Npaj koj cov lus teb
Hloov koj cov lus teb rau ob lossis peb qhov decimal thiab sau luv molarity nrog M.
