Mole yog chav ntsuas ntawm kev ntsuas hauv tshuaj lom neeg uas suav nrog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv hauv cov tshuaj sib xyaw. Feem ntau lub sijhawm, qhov sib xyaw tau muab rau hauv grams thiab yuav tsum tau hloov pauv mus rau moles. Txawm hais tias, kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim, muaj qee cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ua raws. Siv txoj hauv kev no, koj tuaj yeem kawm paub yuav ua li cas hloov grams rau moles.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 2: Xam Molecular Mass
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau cov cuab yeej xav tau los daws teeb meem tshuaj lom neeg
Muab txhua yam koj xav tau kom yooj yim tuaj nqa yuav yooj yim dua cov txheej txheem ntawm kev daws teeb meem. Koj xav tau cov hauv qab no:
- Mem hluav thiab ntawv. Kev suav tau yooj yim dua yog tias koj sau lawv. Nco ntsoov sau tag nrho koj cov kauj ruam ua haujlwm kom tau txais cov qhab nia tag nrho.
- Lub sij hawm ncua sij hawm. Koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm pom qhov hnyav atomic ntawm cov ntsiab lus siv lub rooj sijhawm.
- Tshuab xam zauv Cov laij lej yuav tsum tau yooj yim los laij cov lej sib.
Kauj Ruam 2. Txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus hauv cov khoom sib xyaw uas koj yuav tsum hloov mus ua moles
Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev suav lub cev hnyav yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm tus kheej uas tsim ua cov khoom sib xyaw. Nws yog qhov yooj yim los cais cov ntsiab lus vim tias cov ntawv luv muaj tsuas yog ib lossis ob tsab ntawv.
- Yog tias cov ntawv sau luv rau ob tsab ntawv, thawj tsab ntawv yuav raug sau ua cov ntawv loj lossis cov tsiaj ntawv loj thaum ntawv thib ob yuav raug sau ua kab ntawv me. Piv txwv, Mg sawv rau Magnesium.
- NaHCO. Sib xyaw3 muaj plaub yam hauv nws: Sodium (Na), Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), thiab Oxygen (O).
Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav txim seb pes tsawg lub atoms txhua lub hauv paus muaj nyob hauv cov khoom sib xyaw
Koj yuav tsum paub tus naj npawb ntawm atoms ntawm txhua lub caij tam sim no los laij cov huab hwm coj loj. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov atoms uas muaj nyob hauv txhua lub ntsiab lus yuav raug sau ua tus lej me me hauv qab no uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub hauv paus.
- Piv txwv li, H.2O muaj ob lub atoms hydrogen thiab ib lub pa oxygen.
- Yog tias cov khoom sib xyaw muaj cov ntawv hauv qab thiab ua raws tus lej tsawg, txhua cov ntsiab lus hauv kab ntawv sib dhos tau muab tus lej tsawg. Piv txwv li, (NH4)2S muaj ob N atoms, yim H atoms, thiab ib S atom.
Kauj Ruam 4. Sau qhov hnyav atomic ntawm txhua lub caij
Cov lus teev caij nyoog yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los nrhiav qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev. Thaum koj paub qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus hauv lub rooj, qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev feem ntau pom nyob hauv qab lub cim cim.
- Qhov hnyav lossis qhov hnyav ntawm ib qho atom lossis lub hauv paus tau hais tawm hauv atomic mass units (amu).
- Piv txwv li, qhov hnyav ntawm cov pa oxygen yog 15.99.
Kauj Ruam 5. Xam qhov hnyav molecular
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov tshuaj yog xam los ntawm suav cov lej ntawm txhua lub ntsiab lus sib npaug los ntawm qhov hnyav atomic ntawm cov khoom ntawd. Paub txog qhov hnyav ntawm cov molecular yog qhov tsim nyog los hloov grams rau moles.
- Muab tus naj npawb ntawm cov atoms ntawm txhua lub hauv qhov sib txuas los ntawm qhov hnyav atomic ntawm cov khoom ntawd.
- Ntxiv qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm txhua qhov hauv cov khoom sib xyaw.
- Piv txwv li, (NH4)2S muaj qhov hnyav hnyav (2 x 14.01) + (8 x 1.01) + (1 x 32.07) = 68.17 g/mol.
- Qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev kuj tseem hu ua molar mass.
Ntu 2 ntawm 2: Hloov Grams Rau Mol
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau tus lej hloov pauv
Tus naj npawb ntawm moles koj muaj hauv cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem suav los ntawm kev faib cov lej ntawm cov sib xyaw los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw molecular ntawm cov sib xyaw.
Cov mis zoo li no: moles = grams compound/molar mass of compound
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntsuas koj tus lej rau hauv cov mis
Tom qab koj tau sau cov mis kom raug, cov kauj ruam tom ntej tsuas yog nkag mus rau koj cov laij lej rau hauv qhov raug ntawm cov qauv. Ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los xyuas yog tias koj tau sau txhua yam hauv qhov chaw raug yog saib cov koog. Kev hla tag nrho cov koog yuav tawm tsuas yog moles.
Kauj Ruam 3. Daws qhov sib npaug
Siv lub laij lej, faib cov gram los ntawm cov pos hniav. Qhov tshwm sim yog tus naj npawb ntawm moles hauv koj cov khoom lossis cov khoom sib xyaw.
Piv txwv, xav tias koj muaj 2 g dej, lossis H2O, thiab koj xav hloov nws mus rau moles. Molecular pawg ntawm H2O yog 18g/mol. Faib 2 los ntawm 18, thiab koj muaj 0.1111 moles ntawm H2O.
Lub tswv yim
- Ib txwm suav nrog lub npe ntawm lub hauv paus lossis kev sib xyaw hauv koj cov lus teb.
- Yog tias koj raug nug kom qhia koj txoj haujlwm ntawm koj li haujlwm lossis kev sim tshuaj, nco ntsoov sau koj cov lus teb kom meej los ntawm ncig nws lossis kos lub npov ib ncig ntawm koj cov lus teb.
