Shakespeare txoj haujlwm siv qhov tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb citation method. Txhua qhov kev hais tawm tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus, uas txhais tau tias lawv ib txwm tshwm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv ntawm daim ntawv hauv kab zauv. Muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau suav nrog hauv qhov kev hais tawm, suav nrog kev ua, qhov xwm txheej, thiab tus lej sib tham. Ua kom nws zoo kom cov neeg nyeem paub lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom koj tab tom hais.
Kauj ruam
Ntu 1 ntawm 4: Muab Cov Lus Cim Hauv Cov Kab Ke
Kauj Ruam 1. Siv cov lus hais ua niam txiv rau Shakespeare txoj haujlwm
Cov lus piav qhia niam txiv yog cov lus hais uas tshwm nyob rau hauv cov kab lus ib txwm nyob hauv lub cev ntawm daim ntawv. Xijpeem hom kev sau npe uas koj siv, Shakespeare cov haujlwm tau hais hauv qhov tshwj xeeb. Shakespeare txoj haujlwm ib txwm hais nrog cov kab lus sau hauv cov ntawv, tsis qhia los ntawm tus lej hauv qab lossis cov lus xaus.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntxig cov ntawv citation tom kawg ntawm nqe lus hais
Thaum hais txog nqe lus, tos kom txog thaum kawg ntawm ntu, tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau qhov chaw ntawm nqe lus. Qee zaum cov kab lus hais tau ntev heev, xws li kev sib tham ntawm ob tus cim. Lub hauv paus ntawm qhov citation tau muab tso rau qhov kawg ntawm ntu.
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb cov ntaub ntawv rov hais dua
Yog tias koj tsis suav nrog thawj kab lus, tab sis piav ib nqe lus, koj yuav tsum tseem qhia qhov chaw ntawm txoj kev hla mus. Nkag mus rau qhov kev hais tawm hauv tib hom ntawv raws li kev hais ncaj qha.
Tsis txhob siv cov cim hais rau cov khoom siv rov ua dua
Kauj Ruam 4. Xa mus rau cov peev txheej qub
Koj tuaj yeem pom cov nqe lus los ntawm Shakespeare hauv lwm qhov kev sau, xws li kev thuam qhov koj ua si. Cov ntawv Shakespeare hais los ntawm tus neeg thuam yuav yog qhov koj xav siv. Txoj kev no, koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov kab lus hauv cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog.
Xam cov kab lus no raws li pom hauv thawj qhov chaw, xws li: Ntau Ado Txog Tsis Muaj Dab Tsi (2.3.217-24)
Ntu 2 ntawm 4: Hloov Kho Cov Lus Hais
Kauj Ruam 1. Suav nrog qhov ua, qhov tshwm sim, thiab kab lej ntawm qhov ua si hauv kab lus
Kev ua si suav nrog kev ua, scenes, thiab kev sib tham. Thaum hais txog Shakespeare, koj tab tom muab daim ntawv qhia rau tus nyeem ntawv txhawm rau nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv uas koj tab tom hais.
Cais txhua tus lej nrog tus lej
Kauj Ruam 2. Xaiv cov lej Latin lossis Roman los qhia txog kev ua thiab kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua si
Thaum nthuav qhia tus lej thiab tshooj, koj tuaj yeem sau lawv ua lej lej (1, 2, 3, thiab lwm yam) lossis lej lej (I, II, III, thiab lwm yam). Xaiv ib hom ntawv thiab siv nws tas li. Cov lej kab ib txwm sau nrog cov lej Latin.
- Cov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no feem ntau nyiam siv cov lej Latin, tab sis ob qho qauv siv tau.
- Sau cov lej Roman loj (I, II, III, thiab lwm yam) rau tus lej ntawm kev ua si. Siv cov lej Roman me rau cov lej lej (i, ii, iii, thiab lwm yam). Piv txwv li, (IV.ii.56-57).
Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb cov kab ntawm cov lej kab kom raug
Cov khoom khaws tau sib haum rau ib kab. Thaum hais cov ntawv los ntawm ntau dua ib kab, koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau kab lej kab.
- Yog tias kab lej ntau dua 100, sau: 66–84.
- Yog tias kab kab ntau tshaj 100, sau: 122–34.
- Yog tias tus lej sib txawv ntawm qis dua 100 txog saum 100, sau: 90–104.
- Sau tus cim ntawm tus lej sib tham. Cov kab ntawv no ntev dua li qhov tsoo, uas txhais tau tias "mus txog".
Kauj Ruam 4. Tsis txhob siv tus lej nplooj
Thaum feem ntau cov ntawv xav tau nplooj ntawv tus lej, Shakespeare's yog kev zam. Raws li cov yeeb yaj kiab tau rov tsim dua hauv ntau hom ntawv sib txawv thiab tshaj tawm, nplooj ntawv tus lej tsis sib xws. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob xa mus rau nplooj ntawv tus lej thaum koj hais cov ntawv los ntawm Shakespeare ua si.
Kauj Ruam 5. Sau Shakespeare lub npe yog tias koj tab tom sib piv nws txoj haujlwm nrog lwm tus kws sau ntawv
Feem ntau, yog tias koj qhov kev sau ntawv tsuas yog hais txog Shakespeare, koj tsis tas yuav suav nrog Shakespeare lub npe hauv kab lus. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj piv lawv rau lwm tus kws sau ntawv, cais lawv los ntawm kev muab lawv cov npe tso rau hauv kab lus.
Hauv MLA hom ntawv, sau: (Shakespeare 3.4.40)
Kauj Ruam 6. Nyeem lub npe ntawm qhov kev ua si yog tias tsim nyog
Tej zaum koj yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ob qhov ua yeeb yam hauv cov lus hais ua niam txiv. Hloov chaw ib txwm sau tag nrho lub npe ntawm qhov kev ua si, koj tsuas tuaj yeem sau nws luv luv. Piv txwv li, sau JC rau Julius Caesar, Mac. rau Macbeth, Rom. rau Romeo thiab Juliet, thiab lwm yam. Nws yuav zoo li qhov no hauv koj daim ntawv: (Mac. 1.3.15-20).,
Kauj Ruam 7. Qhia tus lej qhia lossis qib qhia
Thaum hais txog cov lus qhia hauv kev ua yeeb yam, koj yuav tsum qhia rau tus nyeem ntawv tias lawv tuaj qhov twg los. Qhia qhov tseeb los ntawm kev muab tus lej nyob rau qhov kawg ntawm kab lus.
Piv txwv li, cov lus hais rau theem hint tau sau zoo li no: 3.4.40.1. Ntawd yog, theem hint nyob hauv Kab 1 tom qab Kab 40
Kauj Ruam 8. Tso cov lus hais kom raug
Tus nqi ntawm cov ntawv sau txiav txim siab qhov kev tso npe ntawm qhov hais tawm thaum kawg ntawm nqe lus.
- Thaum hais tsawg dua plaub kab, siv cov cim hais nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv hais los. Tom qab ntawd, sau cov lus hais hauv kab lus, thiab ua raws nws nrog cov cim sau tseg (piv txwv li, lub sijhawm).
- Thaum hais plaub lossis ntau kab, siv block quotes. Cov lus hais tawm tsis siv cov cim hais tawm, thiab cov cim cim cim qhov kawg (piv txwv li, lub sijhawm) tau sau tom kawg ntawm kab kawg. Tom qab ntawd, nkag mus rau kab lus cim kab lus.
Ntu 3 ntawm 4: Hais Shakespeare hauv Ntawv
Kauj Ruam 1. Xeev leej twg hais lus
Thaum hais kab lus, koj yuav tsum qhia tus yam ntxwv hais lus (tshwj tsis yog los ntawm sonnet). Koj tuaj yeem qhia tus cwj pwm hauv koj tus kheej sau lossis sau nws lub npe ua cov tsiaj ntawv loj thaum pib kab lus. Piv txwv, xaiv ib qho ntawm ob qho kev xaiv hauv qab no:
- Othello rov hais dua, "Raws li qhov kev qhia no kuv tau hais: / Nws hlub kuv rau qhov kev phom sij uas kuv tau hla dhau, / Thiab Kuv hlub nws tias nws tau khuv xim lawv" (I.iii.166–168). Hauv qhov kev xaiv no, koj yuav tsum sau cov lus hais thaum pib kab lus.
- "OTHELLO: Raws li qhov lus qhia kuv tau hais: / Nws hlub kuv rau qhov kev phom sij uas kuv tau hla dhau, / Thiab kuv hlub nws tias nws tau khuv xim lawv" (I.iii.166–168). Hauv qhov kev xaiv no, sau cov cim hais ua ntej tus cim lub npe vim tias qhov no yog lub npe tshwm li cas hauv cov ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Siv cov lus sib cais los cais cov kab lus uas tsawg dua plaub kab sib nrug
Kev hais ib kab lus hauv kab lus txhais tau tias kev nkag mus ntawm cov ntawv tsis siv cov block. Hom ntawv no tshwj xeeb yog siv rau kab lus uas tsawg dua plaub kab ntev. Yog tias koj xav hais ob lossis peb kab kab lus ntawm kab lus, cais lawv nrog qhov chaw lossis txiav.
- Piv txwv li: "OTHELLO: Raws li qhov lus qhia kuv tau hais: / Nws hlub kuv rau qhov kev phom sij uas kuv tau hla dhau, / Thiab Kuv hlub nws tias nws tau khuv xim lawv" (I.iii.166–168).
- Thaum hais cov lus hais tawm, tshem tawm qhov slash thiab siv tus lej.
Kauj Ruam 3. Siv kab lus hla rau plaub lossis ntau kab kab lus
Cov kab lus ntev tau sib cais hauv lub cev ntawm daim ntawv hauv cov kab thaiv. Qhov kev sau ntawv yog tsim los, muaj plaub lossis ntau kab kab lus uas koj hais.
- Muab ib qho inch indent los ntawm sab laug. Tag nrho cov ntawv hla yog cais los ntawm seem ntawm daim ntawv. Muab tag nrho cov kab ntawm cov lus hais tawm ib nti los ntawm cov npoo sab laug.
- Tsis txhob siv cov lus hais. Thaiv cov lus txiav tawm raug cais los ntawm cov ntawv sau tas. Yog li, koj tsis tas yuav cais lawv dua nrog cov lus hais.
-
Piv txwv li:
Hippolyta, Kuv xav koj nrog kuv rab ntaj, Thiab yeej koj txoj kev hlub, ua qhov raug mob;
Tab sis kuv yuav yuav koj hauv lwm tus yuam sij, Nrog pomp, nrog kev kov yeej thiab nrog kev zoo siab. (1.1.19-22)
Kauj Ruam 4. Saib xyuas cov kab tawg raws li muaj nyob hauv kab lus thawj hauv kab lus thaiv
Faib txhua kab rau hauv tib seem raws li cov ntawv qub.
Yog tias koj tab tom hais txog kev hais lus, koj tsis tas yuav tuav txoj kab tawg. Cov cai no txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev tshaj tawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm nws tus kheej
Kauj Ruam 5. Hom kev sib tham ntawm ob lub cim kom raug
Thaum koj xav hais qhov kev sib tham ntawm ob lossis ntau tus cim, ua ntu ntu ua ntu ntu.
- Sau thawj kab nkag rau hauv ib nti thiab sau thawj tus cim lub npe hauv cov tsiaj ntawv loj. Ua raws li lub npe nrog lub sijhawm. Tom qab ntawd, ntxiv qhov chaw thiab pib ua lub cim sib tham. Thaum koj xav pib kab tshiab, nkag mus rau ib nti ntxiv (yog li kab yog 1¼ nti nkag los ntawm sab laug).
- Pib kab tshiab thaum lwm tus ua cim hais lus. Ib zaug ntxiv, nkag mus rau tus cim lub npe hauv cov ntawv loj thiab ua raws nws nrog lub sijhawm. Ntxiv qhov chaw thiab pib ua tus yam ntxwv sib tham.
- Ntxig cov kab lus hais tawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev sib tham.
-
Piv txwv li:
HAMLET. Tsis yog, los ntawm lub hauv paus, tsis yog li ntawd:
Koj yog poj huab tais, koj tus txiv tus kwv tus poj niam:
Thiab-nws yuav tsis yog li ntawd!-koj yog kuv niam.
QUEEN. Tsis yog, tom qab ntawd, kuv yuav teev cov ntawd rau koj uas tuaj yeem hais lus. (3.4.14-17)
Ntu 4 ntawm 4: Ntxig rau Qhov Chaw Nplooj
Kauj Ruam 1. Sau cov ntawv tshaj tawm lossis phau ntawv uas koj siv
Koj yuav tsum suav nrog nplooj ntawv "qhov chaw" hauv daim ntawv. Nplooj ntawv no teev tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas koj siv hauv kev sau daim ntawv. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog sau los ntawm Shakespeare txoj haujlwm, ntim nrog kev ua si, lossis hais txog keeb kwm ntawm ntau yam haujlwm los ntawm cov kws sau sib txawv.
- Nyob ntawm tus qauv ntawm kev hais tawm, nplooj ntawv no yuav raug hu ua "bibliography" lossis "reference".
- Tsis txhob sau cov yeeb yam uas koj xaiv. Koj yuav tsum qhia qhov kev tshaj tawm uas muaj cov haujlwm.
- Txheeb txhua qhov chaw raws tus lej.
-
Piv txwv ntawm kev nkag teb chaws anthology:
Shakespeare, William. "Comedy ntawm yuam kev." Oxford Anthology ntawm Tudor Drama. Ed. Greg Walker. Oxford, UK: Oxford U P, 2014. 682-722. Luam
-
Piv txwv nkag rau ib tus sau phau ntawv sau:
Shakespeare, William. Paj Huam Hlub thiab Sonnets ntawm William Shakespeare. New York: Doubleday, 1991. Luam tawm
-
Piv txwv nkag rau ib txoj haujlwm:
Shakespeare, William. Romeo thiab Juliet. Ed. Jill L. Levenson. New York: Oxford U P, 2000
-
Piv txwv nkag rau skits nyob:
Hamlet. Los ntawm William Shakespeare. tus thawj coj Dominic Dromgoole thiab Bill Buckhurs. Shakespeare's Globe, London. 25 Plaub Hlis 2014. Kev ua tau zoo
Kauj Ruam 2. Ua raws li cov qauv sib xws
Nyob ntawm koj nyiam thiab xav tau, koj yuav tsum xaiv ib qho ntawm ntau hom, suav nrog MLA, APA, lossis Chicago.
Hom ntawv ntawm txhua tus qauv sib txawv me ntsis. Ua raws ib style rau tag nrho daim ntawv
Kauj Ruam 3. Ntxig rau nplooj ntawv qhov kawg ntawm daim ntawv
Qhov chaw nplooj pib ntawm nplooj ntawv tshiab tom qab lub cev ntawm daim ntawv. Lub npe nws "Ua Haujlwm Cited" nyob hauv nruab nrab hauv qhov siab ntawm saum toj ntawm nplooj ntawv.
